Amacala okuhlukumeza ngokwezokwelapha angase avele emaphutha okuhlinzwa, izifo zokubeletha, ukuphulukiswa kwezidakamizwa, amaphutha we-anesthesia, ukubambezeleka okungenangqondo ekunakekeleni isimo esitholakale noma ukuhluleka ukuthola imvume enolwazi ngesiguli ngaphambi kokwelashwa.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, ummeli wezokwelapha angase alethe icala ngokumelene namaqembu anganaki, okubandakanya odokotela, amaqembu odokotela, izinkampani zomshuwalense, izinhlangano zokunakekela eziphethwe, izibhedlela, izinkampani zokwelapha kanye nemitholampilo.
Izinkambiso Zezokwelapha Ezokubambisana Nezokwelapha
Ezimweni zokwelashwa ezingekho emthethweni, ukunganaki yiyona mbono eyinhloko yemfanelo. Ukuze kutholakale ukuhlukumezeka okungekho emthethweni, ummeli wommangali ophikisana naye kufanele abekwe amacala alandelayo:
- Umsebenzi: Ummangalelwa kumele abonise umsebenzi wodokotela esigulini. Lo msebenzi ngokuvamile usekelwe ebuhlotsheni bobudlelwane nodokotela.
- Ubugebengu: Ummangalelwa kumele akhombise ukuthi lochwepheshe wezokwelapha uphule izinga lokunakekela elifanele.
- Isizathu: Ummangali kufanele amise uxhumano lwe-causal phakathi kokuphulwa komgomo wokunakekelwa nokulimala.
- Ukulimala: Ummangali kumele abe nokulimala kwangempela ngenxa yokuphambuka kukadokotela kusukela kumgomo wokunakekelwa.
Ummeli wezokuPhepha koMnyango wezeMpilo - Izisebenzi zikaJobe
Ummeli wezokwelapha okhubazayo uhlobo lommeli olimalayo owenza imisebenzi eminingi yansuku zonke yommeli womphakathi ojwayelekile. UJobe usebenza ngokucacile kummeli wezokwelapha okungasebenzi:
- Ukusebenza nochwepheshe bezokwelapha ukuthuthukisa amakhophi amacala, imibiko yobuchwepheshe, nobufakazi bokusekela icala lommangali.
- Ukuthatha amakhophi ochwepheshe bezokwelapha, abasebenzi bezokwelapha kanye nabanye abathintekayo (ngaphezu kommangali nommangalelwa).
- Ukubutha nokuhlaziya amarekhodi wezokwelapha.
- Ukubeka izivivinyo ezizimele zezokwelapha (IMEs) ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwenhloso yesimo sommangali omele.
- Ukwenza ucwaningo lwezokwelapha oluphathelene nesimo sommangali.
- Ukusebenza nabeluleki bomthetho abahlengikazi ukuze bahlaziye icala, kufanele babuyekeze amarekhodi ezokwelapha, babhale amanothi odokotela futhi bahambisane nommangalelwa kuma-IME.
Ummeli wezokwelapha osebenza ngokwezokwelapha uvame ukugxila ezinhlotsheni ezithile zezokwelapha ezingekho emthethweni ezifana nokulimala kokubeletha, amaphutha okuhlinzwa, ukuhlukunyezwa ekhaya, noma ukuchithwa kwamazinyo.
Imfundo Nokuqeqesha
Ummeli wezokwelapha ongasebenzi kufanele agcwalise izimfuneko ezifanayo zemfundo njenganoma yimuphi ummeli : iminyaka eyisikhombisa yokufunda esikoleni esiphakeme (i-undergraduate degree kanye ne-degree degree) kanye nevesi lokuhlola ibha yezindawo afuna ukuzenza.
Ukuze uphumelele, ummeli wezokwelapha ongasebenzi angathola isitifiketi sebhodi evela enhlanganweni eqinisekisayo efana ne-American Board of Professional Liability Attorneys. Ukuze uthole isitifiketi sebhodi, ummeli kufanele adlule ngokwezimfuneko ezidingekayo ezindaweni ezifana nesipiliyoni, ukuziphatha, imfundo, ukuhlolwa kanye nokugqwesa emthethweni wezobuchwepheshe.
Ummeli wezokuPhepha okuPhepha ngokwezeMpilo
Njengabameli abaningi bokulimala komuntu siqu , abameli abaningi bezokwelapha abakhokhisa ngokwezimali. Ngaphansi kokuhlelwa kwemali, ummeli uthatha iphesenti lokubuyiswa kwenetha lommangali, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-33% kuya ku-45%.
Ngokusho kwe-Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuhlolwa kwejaji kubeka imiklomelo emikhulu yomonakalo omkhulu. Eqinisweni, umklomelo wezokwelapha izivivinyo zama-jury unamaphesenti angama-17 amakhulu kuneziklomelo zomphakathi jikelele ezivivinyweni zama-jury.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izibalo ezingamashumi amane nantathu zivumela ukulimala kwezijeziso ezenzweni zokwelashwa ezingekho emthethweni kanye nengxenye engaphezu kwesigamu azibeki imingcele emiklomelo yokulimala. Njengoba umonakalo wokujezisa ngezinye izikhathi ungadlulela inani lemali ekhokhiswayo ekhokhwa icala, umonakalo wokulimala umonakalo ungaba phezulu kakhulu. Lezi zindleko eziphakeme ziye zavusa ukuguqulwa kwamanye amazwe e-US futhi zafaka abameli abathile bezokwelapha ezingekho emthethweni phakathi kwabameli abakhokhelwa kakhulu e-US
Ummeli wezokuPhepha okuPhepha kwezokwelapha uJobe Demand
Ngokwesilinganiso, abantu abangu-195 000 base-US bafa ngonyaka ngamunye ngenxa yeziphambeko ezingenakuvimbela, esibhedlela esifundazweni. I-National Institute of Health ibika ukuthi ukusebenza kabi kwezokwelapha kubulala iziguli ezingu-225 000 ngonyaka. Abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingu-1 500,000 bahlukunyezwa noma bafa ngamaphutha emithi ngonyaka, ngokusho kwe-Institute of Medicine. Nakuba kungenjalo wonke umuntu olimale uphishekela isenzo somthetho, iningi elinyukayo lezimangalo zokukhwabanisa lihlinzeka ngebhizinisi elizinzileyo kummeli okhubazeka ngokwezokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi odingekayo kule ndawo uzohlala uqinile.