Funda ngokubhala izindaba zokuthungatha kanye nezindlebe
Ngenxa yokuthi izindaba zophikisana nazo zithembeka emqondweni, izakhi ezingaphezu kwamandla angavamile ukuzidlalela. Umphenyi angase abe umphenyi wangasese, iphoyisa, umfelokazi osekhulile noma intombazane encane, kodwa kaningi akanayo into engayithola ekuxazululeni ubugebengu.
Izindaba eziyimfihlakalo , ngokungafani nezinqubo zamaphoyisa, izintshisekelo, izindaba zobugebengu zangempela kanye nezinye izinhlobo zobugebengu ezihlobene nobugebengu ngokuvamile azigxile egazini, emgodini, nasezinkampanini ezimbi zokubulala, kodwa, kunalokho, kwi-puzzle yesigwebo esingabulawa. Ngesikhathi abalobi bezikhathi zemfihlakalo bekhona bangahlala emininingwaneni ecacile noma ngokocansi, lokhu kusengavamile. Eqinisweni, izimfihlakalo eziningi "zakudala" ziwela esigabeni sokubulala "okuhle, okuhlanzekile" lapho isisulu sishaywa khona ekhanda, sinobuthi, sigwetshiwe, noma sibulawe ngenye indlela ngokuhlukunyezwa okuncane noma kungabikho ukuhlupheka okuhilelekile.
Umlando wezintombi zezindaba
Indaba yokuqala yokuqala "esemthethweni" yabaphenyi yayiyi- The Murders e-Rue Morgue , eyabhalwa ngo-1841 ngu-Edgar Allen Poe. Ngenkathi i-Poe akuyona indaba yokuqala yokufaka imfihlakalo noma ukubulala, kwakungowokuqala ukwethula umlingisi omusha we-detective. Kwakuyizindaba zokuqala ezizungeze ngokuphelele isisombululo se-puzzle ehlobene nokubulala.
Umbhalo wezinkondlo kwakuyizindaba ezimfushane, kodwa i-Moonstone, kaWilkie Collins, yayinombhalo we-gothic ogcwele ubude obuyisikhathi esifanayo, okwakuyimfihlakalo yokubulala.
I-edume kakhulu kunazo zonke abaculi abaqanjiwe, uSherlock Holmes, yasungulwa ngu-Arthur Conan Doyle eStrand Magazine ngo-1887. KwakunguConan Doyle owaqala umqondo "wophikisana naye," osebenza ngokuzimela emaphoyiseni - kanye umngane ongeyena-okhanyayo obandakanyekayo onganikeza i-comedy, idrama, ukumisa isikhala noma ithuba lokuhambisa umfundi ngokungaqondakali kwemininingwane kanye nezimpawu ezibomvu.
I-"Golden Age of Mysteries" - ngawo-1920 no-1930 - yayihlanganisa abalobi njengo-Agatha Christie, uDorothy Sayers, uJosephine Tey, uNaziio Marsh. Laba balobi bakha abaculi abahlonishwayo kanye nezilungiselelo ezivusa amadlingozi - izindlu zemikhumbi, imikhumbi yokuhamba ngemikhumbi kanye nemigodi yokuvubukula, phakathi kwabanye - baye baqhubeka bethakazelisa abafundi.
Izinhlobo zeZimfihlakalo
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinhlobo zemfihlakalo. Ngenkathi kungekho "mithetho" esemthethweni yokubhala uhlobo oluthile, lezi zincazelo kufanele zizuze:
- I-cozy i-story conductor indaba ye-detective, cishe njalo, edolobheni elincane noma emzaneni. Umphenyili uyisimo se-amateur, ngokuvamile esesimame.
- Indaba ephikisayo yophikisana nayo yinhlobo elidala eliye lafika ekudumeni phakathi nawo-1930 nabalobi abanjengoDashiell Hammett abakha "ama-dick" abuhlungu njengo-Sam Spade.
- I-"ikamelo elikhiyiwe" noma "imfihlo" ye-puzzle yiyona iphazili lapho ukuhlukaniswa khona kuthatha indawo yesibili ekutholeni nasekuchazeni izinkomba ...