Izindlela ezingu-5 zokusakaza imidiya kuvimba ulwazi lokufinyelela kuwe
Ukuvikela Ubumfihlo Bomuntu
Lokhu cishe kuyindlela encane yokuphikisana kwezindaba.
Uma ingane encane isenza ubugebengu, ubunikazi bakhe bufihliwe ukumvikela ekulimazeni esikhathini esizayo - ngakho akayeki ekufundeni ekolishi noma emsebenzini. Lokho kuyashintsha uma ingane encane ishajwa njengomuntu omdala, njengalapho ubugebengu obunobudlova.
Iningi lezezindaba zifihla ukuthi yiziphi izisulu zokudlwengula, ngakho-ke labo bantu akudingeki babhekane nokuthotshiswa komphakathi. Lokho kwakungeyona indaba yesikhashana eNBC News lapho inqume ngo-1991 ukubona ukuthi owesifazane usola uWilliam Kennedy Smith (ingxenye yenkampani enamandla kaKennedy) yokudlwengula. Kamuva i-NBC ibuyele emisebenzini evamile yokufihlwa.
Gwema Imininingwane Yezithombe Nezithombe
Nsuku zonke, othile wenza isenzo esibi kakhulu sobudlova noma ukungcola ngokocansi. Ezingqayini zezindaba ezweni lonke, abahleli kufanele banqume ukuthi ukusho isisulu "kuhlaselwa" kunelungelo lokuchaza okwenzekile.
Ezimweni eziningi, akunjalo. Ngakho-ke kufanele kwenziwe ukukhetha indlela yokuchaza imininingwane yobugebengu ngendlela esiza izethameli ziqonde ukuhlukunyezwa kwayo ngaphandle kokucasula abafundi noma ababukeli, ikakhulukazi izingane.
Kuyindlela ehle. Endabeni kaJeffrey Dahmer, indlela abulala ngayo abantu abangaphezu kweshumi nambili kwakubhekwa egula kakhulu kangangokuthi imininingwane ecacile yayiyingxenye yendaba.
Lokhu kwakunjalo lapho abahleli bezindaba bebhekene nemininingwane yocansi kaPh. Ubuhlobo bukaBill Clinton noMonica Lewinsky kanye nokumangalelwa kokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi u-Anita Hill okwenziwa cishe ngaleso sikhathi-US
INkantolo eNkulu yezobulungiswa okhethwe nguClarence Thomas. Amazwi awungekho umhleli owawake wacabanga ukunyathelisa noma i-newscaster ayeke wacabangela ukukhuluma kwakudingeka ukuchaza indaba.
Lokho kuyizinto ezihlukile. Ezimweni eziningi, abahleli bazodlulisa ulwazi lwendlela enobudlova obukhulu kakhulu noma obucansini, hhayi ukuhlanza izintambo, kodwa ukuyigcina ingabacasuli izethameli.
Ukufihla Ulwazi Lokuphepha
Imisebenzi yezempi yase-US, i-intelligence, kanye nezobumbano isebenza ngenani elithile lemfihlakalo. Leyo mfihlo iphikisana njalo nabasolwa, amaqembu aphikisana nohulumeni noma abanye abafuna ukususa isembozo ngezici ezihlukahlukene zikahulumeni wase-US.
Ngo-1971, i-New York Times yashicilela lokho okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Pentagon Papers, uMnyango Wezokuvikela Oyimfihlo uveza imininingwane yokubamba iqhaza kweMelika eMpini yeVietnam ngendlela izakhamuzi ezingakaze zibike. Ukuphatha kukaNixon kwaya enkantolo ngomzamo ohlulekile wokugcina imibhalo ephihliwe ingashicilelwa.
Eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane kamuva, i-WikiLeaks kanye nomsunguli wayo uJulian Assange basemlilweni wokuthumela imibhalo eyimfihlo ye-US engaphezu kwezigidi eziyisithupha, eziningi ezibandakanya ukuphepha kwezwe. Lapho iThe New York Times yanyathelisa la maphepha eMnyangweni wezeMelika wase-US, i-US Air Force yasabela ngokuvimbela iwebhusayithi yephephandaba kumakhompyutha ayo.
Lezi zibonelo zibonisa ukuthi abanikazi bezindaba babhekene nobudlelwano obunzima nohulumeni. Uma bevuma izindaba eziqukethe ukwaziswa okungase kube namahloni, izikhulu zikahulumeni zivamise ukuzama ukuyihlola.
Ukuthuthukisa Izintshisekelo Zenkampani
Izinkampani zemidiya zifanele zisebenzise isithakazelo somphakathi. Ngesinye isikhathi lokho kungqubuzana nabanikazi be-conglomerate abalawula amazwi omdabu wendabuko.
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho iThe New York Times ibika ukuthi abaphathi abavela kumnikazi we-MSNBC umnikazi we-General Electric neFox News Channel umnikazi wezindaba News wanquma ukuthi kwakungekho ezinkambisweni zabo zokubambisana ukuvumela abakwa-Keith Olbermann noBill O'Reilly ukuba bahwebe nge- ukuhlasela komoya. Ngesikhathi i-jabs ibonakala sengathi iyimuntu siqu, kwakukhona izindaba eziphuma kuzo.
IThe Times ibike ukuthi u-O'Reilly wathola ukuthi uGener Electric wenza ibhizinisi e-Iran.
Nakuba kungokomthetho, i-GE kamuva yathi imisiwe. Ukuphela komlilo phakathi kwamabandla kungenzeka ukuthi akuzange kuveze lolo lwazi, oluhlelekayo naphezu kwesisusa esibonakalayo sokuthola lokho.
I-Cable TV enkulu i- Comcast ibhekene necala elihlukile lokucwaninga. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthi i-Federal Communications Commission ivume ukukhishwa kwayo kwe- NBC Universal , iqashe uKhomishana weFCC uMeredith Attwell Baker owavotela ukuhlanganiswa.
Ngesikhathi abanye bephikisa ukunyakaza njengokungqubuzana kwezintshisekelo, iTweet eyodwa yilokho okhipha ulaka lukaComcast. Isisebenzi ekamu yefilimu efilimu yamantombazane asemantombazane aphikisana nokuqasha nge-Twitter. U-Comcast uphendule ngokufaka imali engu-$ 18,000 ngemali yekamu.
Le nkampani kamuva yaxolisa futhi yanikeza ukubuyisela umnikelo wayo. Iziphathimandla zekamu zithi zifuna ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile ngaphandle kokuphathwa yizinkampani.
Ukufihla Isimo Sezombusazwe
Abagxeki bavamise ukuba abezindaba ze-lambast ngokuba nenzuzo yezopolitiki . Ngenkathi imibono emakhasini wokuhlela ecacile ukubona, ukuxhumana phakathi kwezombangazwe nokucubungula kunzima ukubona.
Uhlelo lwezindaba lwe- ABC u-Nightline lwanikezela ngokusakaza kwalo ukufunda amagama angaphezu kuka-700 ase-US nabesifazane ababulewe e-Iraq. Lokho okwakubonakala kuwumvuzo omkhulu wokuzinikela ezempi kwahunyushwa ngokuthi yisiteleka se-Sinclair Broadcast Group, esasishukumisekayo kwezombusazwe, esingavumeli ukuthi lolu hlelo lubonakale eziteshini eziyisikhombisa ze-ABC.
I-Sinclair yinkampani efanayo neqembu le-media watchdog lithi libiza ngamalungu angaphezu kuka-100 e-Congress "abameli bokucwaninga" ngokukhulisa ukukhathazeka ku-FCC mayelana nezinhlelo zikaSinclair zokuhambisa ifilimu, Inhlonipho Ebiwe . Lokho kukhiqizwa kwaphazamiseka ngokuba yi-propaganda ngokumelene nomengameli we-presidential John Kerry.
USinclair uphendule ngokusho ukuthi ufuna ukuhambisa idokhumenti ngemuva kokuba amanethiwekhi amakhulu enqabe ukuyikhombisa. Ekugcineni, ukukhotha ekucindezelweni ngezimbalwa eziningana, inkampani yaveza inguqulo ebuyekeziwe efaka izingxenye zefilimu kuphela.
Amazwe wamaKhomanisi ayeke ayeka ukugeleza kwamahhala kolwazi kungenzeka ukuthi ayanyamalala kakhulu, kodwa ngisho naseMelika, izinkinga zokucubungula zigcina ezinye izindaba zingakutholi. Ngokuqhuma kwezintatheli zesakhamuzi kanye nama-platforms e-intanethi, iqiniso manje selizoba nendlela elula yokuphuma.