Funda Ngomlando Nomsebenzi Wezincwadi

I-Out Writing Outlet yezinkondlo, Izindaba zezingane, nokuningi

I-bookbook ichazwe ngokuthi yizincwadi ezihlanganisa ngokuyinhloko amapheshana amancane ezintandokazi ezithandwayo, ama-ballads, izindaba zezingane, amapheshana ezenkolo, amapheshana ezombangazwe, imilolozo yezingane, izinkondlo zabantu, ama-almanac, nezinkondlo. Noma kunjalo, kubalobi banamuhla, i-chapbook imane nje ibhukwana lomsebenzi wokudala cishe ngamakhasi angu-30-40 ubude. Abamemezeli abaningi banomncintiswano wencwadi, banikeze abawinile umklomelo wemali kanye nencwadi yezincwadi.

Umlando we-Chapbooks

I-Chapbooks yaqala ukuqala ngekhulu le-16 leminyaka eYurophu ngezindabakwane ezithandwayo ezinjenga "Jack and Giant Killer." Babezakhiwa ngezansi futhi azijabulisi ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa phakathi neminyaka engu-1500 bathengwa ngabantu abangenakukwazi ukuthenga izincwadi futhi babevame ukuphonswa ngaphandle kokufunda noma ukuphindwa kabusha.

Ama-Chapbook ayindlela ebalulekile yokusabalalisa isiko esidumile kubantu abavamile, ikakhulukazi labo abahlala ezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Bamukela, banikeze ulwazi futhi banikeze umlando (nakuba bekuvame ukungathembeki!). I-Chapbooks yanikeza nomthelela ekukhuleni izinga lokufunda nokubhala. Ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala e-England phakathi neminyaka engu-1640 kwakungamaphesenti angaba ngu-70 amadoda namanani awela kwamaphesenti angu-40 phakathi nekhulu le-18.

Inombolo yezincwadi zokufunda ezinyathelisiwe eNgilandi ingqondweni. Phakathi neminyaka eyi-1660, kwakunyatheliswa amamitha angu-400 000 almanacs njalo ngonyaka, okwanele ukusabalalisa komunye wemindeni emithathu eBrithani.

I-Chapbooks yayithengwa ukuze ikwazi ukukhokhela abasebenzi, nakuba ukuthengisa kwabo kwakungapheleli kumakilasi asebenzayo. I-Ballads ithengiswe i-halfpenny noma i-pence embalwa nje. Ama-Chapbook abonakala ephela kuze kube sekhulwini le-19, kodwa eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, avuke, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinkondlo kanye nabalobi abafushane.

Yiziphi izaziso ezibukeka sengathi zinamuhla

I-Chapbook ivamise amapheshana amnandi, ayenziwe kahle ahlanganiswe iziqu ezincane. Esinye isici esingashintshi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuthi ngokuvamile ziqhayisa ngobuciko obukhulu kakhulu noma ikhwalithi yobuciko ukuthi izincwadi zendabuko ngoba abamemezeli bazimisele ukuzama ukunikeza ukuthi ukuphrinta kufushane. Nakuba izincwadi zezincwadi zingabonakali njengencwadi ethi "yangempela", zithwala isikhundla esiphakeme. Kubalobi - ngokuvamile izimbongi - kuyithuba lokubonisa ingxenye yombhalo wesandla noma ukubona umsebenzi omfushane oshicilelwe.

Imincintiswano ye-Chapbook

Izinkondlo zezinkondlo zivame kakhulu futhi ngenkathi i-bookbook ingafaneleki njenge-full-length publication, kuyithuba elihle lomlobi ukuba alisebenzise futhi alisebenzise njengesihluthulelo sokuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe. Umncintiswano wezincwadi zezincwadi zeNew York for Book Book 'wezincwadi uhlinzeka amathuba abaculi nabalobi ukuba basebenze ndawonye ekudaleni lokho okuyisisekelo semisebenzi yobuciko. Amakhophi ayi-100 kuphela ale ncwadi ayanyatheliswa futhi ayishumi awo aya kumculi.

Enye i-bookbook imincintiswano ingase ingagxili kakhulu emlandweni nasezincwadini zobuhle bezincwadi, kodwa ngokuvamile zikhiqiza umkhiqizo ovelele kunabashicileli bezincwadi ezijwayelekile. Usayizi obuncane kanye nokuphrinta ukugijima kuvumela ukugcizelelwa okukhulu ekuklanyeni nasezintweni zobuhle.

Ngenkathi bengase bangafinyeleli izilaleli ezinkulu, izincwadi zezincwadi zingakwaziswa njengezinto ezibonakalayo ngendlela izincwadi eziningi zanamuhla ezingenakukwazi.