Ukuzwa nokuzwa
Ukungena emkhosini kudinga ukuhlolwa okuningi kwezingxenye zonke zomzimba ukufaka ukuzwa kanye nezindlebe. Noma yiziphi izinkinga ezivimbela ikhono lokuzwa okunempilo noma okuvimbela umuntu ukuba anikeze ngokufanele i gear yokuzivikela edingekayo (isigqoko sokuzivikela, indlebe, iso, noma ukuvikelwa kobuso) uyobe engavumelekile. Nazi imininingwane yezimo zezokwelapha ezingavumelekile ezibalwe ngezansi ezihlobene nendlebe nokuzwa.
Izimbangela zokwenqatshelwa kokuqokwa, ukubhaliswa, nokukhishwa (ngaphandle kokushiya okuvunyelwe ) yimlando eqinisekisiwe ye:
Indlebe yangaphandle - Into esiyibona njengendlebe kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwezinga lempi. Ngokuyinhloko, ukuvimbela umsele wamanzi ngenxa yokuhlukunyezwa kwezindlebe zangaphandle noma ukuphazamisa ukugqoka okufanele ukuvikelwa kwezindlebe akufanelekile ukuba kwenziwe umsebenzi wezempi. Ukukhubazeka okubangelwa yi-congenital okufana ne- atresia okungabikho noma ukungavamile okungavamile kokuvulwa noma ukuhamba emzimbeni noma i- microtia okuyiyona ukukhubazeka lapho i-pinna (indlebe yangaphandle) ingakhiwa khona ngaphansi kwalesi sigaba. Noma kunjalo, i- otitis externa engapheli yindlebe yokudoba, ingabuye ingavunyelwe ngesikhathi sokubuyekezwa kwezokwelapha.
Ama-Mastoids - Noma yimuphi umlando we-mastoiditis okungukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya okuthinta ithambo le-mastoid. Leli thambo ngemuva kwendlebe liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi liyizinkinga zonke izifo zendlebe futhi lifuna ukuhlanzwa njalo kanye namanzi amaningi.
Lezi zinoma iyiphi i-fistula (engavamile noma ehlinzekwayo) iyanqatshwa.
Noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka kwangaphandle okuvimbela noma okuphazamisa ukusetshenziswa kahle kwe-mask yokuzivikela, ukuvikelwa kwezindlebe, isigqoko sokuzivikela akufanelekile.
Isifo sikaMeniere - Noma yikuphi okwamanje noma umlando we-Meniere's syndrome noma ezinye izifo ezingapheli zendlebe yangaphakathi akufanelekile.
I-Meniere isifo esingaziwa esingabangazi ukuthi siyithinta kanjani indlebe yangaphakathi, okubangela ukuqhubekela phambili kokuzithulu nokuhlaselwa kwe-tinnitus kanye ne-vertigo.
Indlebe ephakathi nangaphakathi - Uma umuntu obhekene nomlando unomlando wamanje noma ongapheli we-otitis media media (i-AOM) okuyinto ehlukumezayo yokutheleleka kwezindlebe ngemuva kwe-eardrum lowo ozobhapathizwa angase avunyelwe. Noma yikuphi i-cholesteatoma okukhula okungavamile, okungenakuqhathaniswa kwesikhumba okungahlakulela esigabeni esiphakathi sendlebe yakho, ngemuva kwe-eardrum futhi mhlawumbe kudinga ukuhlinzeka noma ukufakelwa kwama-cochlear kungafanelekile. Kodwa-ke, i-myringotomy ephumelelayo noma i-tympanoplasty eyinqubo ye-tube ear noma indlebe yokulungisa i-drum ngokulandelana ayifanelekile. Ukwamukelwa kwezokwelapha kokuhlinzwa, amanothi okuhlinzwa okumele atholakale kuyodingeka ku-Military Entrance Processing Station (MEPS) noma kwiBhodi YokuBukeza Ukuhlolwa Kwezokwelapha (DODMERB).
I-ambulance ye-Tympanic - Ebizwa ngokuthi i-drum indlebe, noma yikuphi ukukhishwa, ukuguqulwa kwesilungu se-tympanic noma umlando wamuva (izinsuku ezingu-120) zokuhlinza izinkinga ukulungiswa. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-120, noma iyiphi inqubo kuzodingeka imvume yokuphuma kwezochwepheshe kwezokwelapha kulabo abazobhapathizwa noma ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Ukuqhuma okuphezulu, ukushayela kwe-SCUB nokunye umsindo omncane noma ukucindezeleka kungabangela ukulimala kwendlebe yesikhala okujwayelekile okwesikhashana okungafanelekile.
Gwema ukudubula, umculo ophezulu, ukugoba kwe-SCUBA, noma ukudilika okujulile ngaphambi kokubuyekezwa kwezokwelapha njengoba lokhu kungabangela kalula ubuhlungu besikhashana nokungafaneleki uma ukuhlola okwenyama kwezempilo kwenziwa ngemuva nje kwalezi zenzakalo.
Ukuzwa
Ngokusobala, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yalesi sidingo sezokwelapha ukuzwa. Ukukwazi ukuzwa ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kwanoma yikuphi usizo kuyimfuneko yokungena empini. Izindinganiso zokudlulisa ukuhlolwa kwezindlebe akulona nzima kakhulu futhi zidinga amazinga ajwayelekile okuzwa.
Izinga lamanje lamanzi elikuzwayo kunoma yiliphi indlebe elikhulu kunezwi elihlanzekile lama-500,1000, no-2000 imijikelezo ngomzuzwana kwendlebe ngayinye yezingekho ezingaphezu kwama-30 decibel (dB) ongekho izinga elilodwa elingaphezu kuka-35 dB kulawo mazinga angafanelekile empi isevisi.
Izinga lokulalelwa kwamanje eliphakathi kwendlebe enkulu kunezinga eliphansi lethembo elingekho ngaphezu kuka-45 dB kumakhilomitha angu-3000 ngomzuzwana noma 55dB emigqeni engu-4000 ngomzuzwana endlebeni ngayinye ewufanelekile ukwenza umsebenzi wezempi.
Ayikho izinga lokuzwa kwezempi lemigodi engu-6000 ngomzuzwana, kepha noma yikuphi umlando wokusetshenziswa kwezizwa zokuzwa nakho kungafanelekile.
Isiqondiso seMnyango Wezokuvikela (DOD) 6130.3, "Izindinganiso Zomzimba Zokuqokwa, Ukubhaliswa, Nokukhishwa Kwezimali," kanye ne-DOD Imfundo 6130.4, "Imigomo Nezinqubo Zokusebenza Kwezimiso Zomzimba Zokuqokwa, Ukubhaliswa, noma Ukukhishwa Kwezimpi Ezihlomile. "