Izinhlangano zikaHulumeni zenza amaphrojekthi uma esinye isici sokufeza umsebenzi wabantu kudingeka sishintshe. Ngokwe- Project Management Institute , iphrojekthi "yinto yomsebenzi wesikhashana oklanyelwe ukukhiqiza umkhiqizo ohlukile, isevisi noma umphumela." Uma iphrojekthi ishintsha indlela inhlangano ibhizinisi ngayo, imikhiqizo yokuphela komsebenzi ifakwe emsebenzini wansuku zonke futhi ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise umsebenzi wenhlangano ngokuqhubekayo.
Kungase kuzwakale kulula, kodwa akunjalo. Ukushintsha kunzima, futhi amaphrojekthi angakwazi ukugijima emigwaqeni kalula. Nsuku zonke kuletha izinselelo ezisongela inqubekela phambili yeprojekthi nokuphumelela okugcineni. Ukulwa nale ngozi, amaphrojekthi adinga izakhi ezithile eziyinhloko. Ngezinto ezilandelayo endaweni, iphrojekthi inethuba elikhulu lokuphumelela.
01 Umxhasi Wephrojekthi Ezinikezelekile
Umxhasi wephrojekthi unemithwalo yemfanelo emine ehlobene nephrojekthi. Okokuqala, iqembu elixhasayo le phrojekthi. Ujabule ithimba lephrojekthi esidlangalaleni nangasese. Okwesibili, umxhasi usekela umphathi wephrojekthi . Uma umphathi wephrojekthi adinga izithiyo zisusiwe, ucela oxhasayo usizo ngoba umxhasi unenhlangano yokuhlela ukwenza izinto zenzeke. Okwesithathu, umxhasi uqondanisa izinsiza ngokuzinikela ngokuqondile noma esebenza nabanye abantu abaphezulu ukuze bathole izinsiza. Uma umxhasi engumqashi oqinile wephrojekthi, oontanga bexhasi banamathuba amaningi okufaka izinsiza eziwusizo. Okwesine, umxhasi usiza ukwenza izinqumo. Lapho ithimba lephrojekthi lihlehliswa phansi, umxhasi angakwazi ukudlulisela isinqumo noma aphambane enze isinqumo.
Umxhasi uhlala enolwazi ngokuxhumana njalo nomphathi wephrojekthi. Laba bobabili basebenzisana ukuze banqume ukuthi umxhasisi udinga ukungena yini futhi asebenzise ngokujulile imithwalo yemfanelo yomxhasi ekusekeleni umphathi wephrojekthi. Isibonelo, umphathi wephrojekthi angaba nenkinga yokuthola ulwazi emnyangweni wezezimali wezinhlangano. Umxhasi weprojekthi angakwazi ukuya kumphathi omkhulu wezezimali mayelana nesimo futhi acele ukuthi umsebenzi wokuthola ulwazi lubekwe phambili ngaphezu kwemisebenzi enomncintiswano.
02 Sula izinhloso kanye nobubanzi
Ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi uphrojekthi noma kwenziwe kuhlelwe, umxhasi wephrojekthi kumele achaze imigomo nobubanzi bephrojekthi. Imigomo yizinto ezinkulu umsebenzi okufanele ufeze. Thatha iphrojekthi yokuthuthukisa isofthiwe, isibonelo. Umnyango wezisebenzi zomuntu usebenzisa isofthiwe eyaziwa kahle yebhizinisi ukuphatha ukukhokhelwa. Inhlangano ifuna ukwengeza imodemu yokuphathwa kokufunda. Imigomo yephrojekthi ukufanisa isofthiwe yokuphatha yokufunda ezinkampanini zebhizinisi lenhlangano futhi ukuyihlanganisa nehlelo lokukhokha elikhona.
Ububanzi buchaza imingcele yephrojekthi. Ukuqhubeka nesibonelo seprojekthi yesofthiwe; ububanzi bale phrojekthi bukhawulelwe ekuletheleni uhlelo lokuphathwa kokufunda futhi ludidiyele uhlelo lokukhokha. Izikhathi eziningi, kuyasiza ukukhomba izinto ezingekho ukuqonda lokho okusemandleni. Kule phrojekthi, ukwengeza amanye amamojula akuphelelwe amandla. Umnyango wokubalwa kwemali awukwazi ukuza kumphathi wephrojekthi futhi ucele ukukhokha, ama-akhawunti atholakele noma amamojula akhokhelwa ama-akhawunti.
Ukwengeza imodemu uma iphrojekthi ichazwe kuvumela ukuhamba kwenyuka . Abaxhasi bephrojekthi abahle nabaphathi bephrojekthi balinda ukungena kwesikhala futhi banqikazi ukwengeza ububanzi bemisebenzi. Ukwandisa ububanzi bephrojekthi kwandisa isidingo sephrojekthi ngezinsiza ezifana nesikhathi nemali. Ukwengeza, ukusebenza komkhawulo owengeziwe kufaka ingozi yemikhiqizo yomsebenzi engozini.
03 Umphathi Wephrojekthi Ehle
Abaphathi bephrojekthi bavame ukuba nezici ezilandelayo ezizisiza ukuba zihambise iphrojekthi. Abaphathi bephrojekthi kukhona abahleli. Bacabanga ngokulandelana komsebenzi futhi bazi ukuthi yini okudingeka yenzeke ngemuva kokuba iqembu liqedele umsebenzi. Benza izinhlelo ezinhle kodwa bazi nokuthi kufanele bahambisane nezimo futhi baphenduke kusuka ohlelweni. Abaphathi bephrojekthi banokwethenjelwa. Ngokuphumelela kwabo ngokuya komsebenzi wabanye, abaphathi beprojekthi badinga abantu ukuba bathemba izinhloso zabo kanye nobuchule babo. Ukuthembela kubaluleke kakhulu ebuhlotsheni phakathi komphathi weprojekthi kanye nomxhasi wephrojekthi. Abaphathi bephrojekthi bavame ukuxoshwa ngoba iningi lomsebenzi wabo lihilela ukuxhumana.
Babamba abantu ukuthi baphendule ezithembisweni zabo. Nasi isibonelo. Umphathi weqembu lephrojekthi utshele umphathi wephrojekthi ukuthi ilungu leqembu linganikeza amahora amane ngesonto kuphrojekthi. Ilungu lethimba lilahlekelwe imihlangano emibili yeviki ngokulandelana futhi alizange lenze intuthuko emisebenzini ayinikeziwe kwisakhiwo sokudiliza umsebenzi. Ngemuva komhlangano wokuqala ongabanjwanga, umphathi wephrojekthi wahlangana nelungu lethimba ukuze lixoxisane ngokungabi khona kanye nezinsuku zokugcina ezingekho. Ithimba leqembu lithi kunezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. Umphathi wephrojekthi ukholelwa ukuthi lokhu akulona iqiniso, ngakho ngemuva komhlangano wesibili olahlekile, umphathi wephrojekthi uhlangane nomphathi welungu leqembu. Umphathi utshele umphathi wephrojekthi ukuthi uzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukuziphatha komalungu weqembu kuzophendukela.
Abathintekayo ababandakanyekayo
Abathintekayo emkhakheni wukuthi abantu banesithakazelo esivulekile ekuphumeleleni komsebenzi kodwa akuzona amalungu eqembu lephrojekthi. Abacabangi ngomsebenzi nsuku zonke njengomphathi wephrojekthi noma amalungu eqembu leprojekthi enza, kepha bafuna ukuba yi-loop ngezinqumo eziyinhloko nokuthuthuka okuphelele emigomweni yephrojekthi.
Abathintekayo banesisusa sabo sokungahambisani nemisebenzi yephrojekthi, kodwa umthwalo wemenenja wephrojekthi ukuwafaka emkhombeni ngezindlela ezithuthukisa umsebenzi emigomweni yephrojekthi. Ezimweni eziningi, ukwenza lokhu kuhilela ukulinganisela okungathí sina phakathi kokufaka okuningi nokufaka okuncane kakhulu. Abathintekayo abakwazi ukulinganisa zonke izinqumo. Lokho kungabamba phansi iphrojekthi futhi wenze zonke izinqumo zilwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abathintekayo abakwazi ukuvalwa ngenxa yokuthi isici esikhulu cishe cishe yonke iphrojekthi sinelisekile ababandakanyekayo.
Amalungu eqembu elinikezelweyo lamaphrojekthi
Amalungu eqembu lephrojekthi afeza umsebenzi wephrojekthi. Izikhathi eziningi, amalungu eqembu lephrojekthi anikezwe iphrojekthi ngaphezulu kwemisebenzi yabo ejwayelekile ukuthi akukho ukunciphisa komunye umsebenzi ukukhokhela umsebenzi owengeziwe owenziwe iphrojekthi. Abaphathi bephrojekthi bangasiza amalungu eqembu ukuthi axoxisane nabaphathi bawo kulokhu, kodwa umphathi wephrojekthi akanakho ukulawula amalungu eqembu lomsebenzi wemisebenzi ngaphandle kwephrojekthi.
Ukuzinikezela kwamalungu eqembu kulo msebenzi kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokuzinikezela, ukukhishwa kwesikhashana, nemikhiqizo yomsebenzi akuyona imfanelo enhle. Amalungu wethimba azinikezele anconywa ukuba afeze imigomo yephrojekthi ngesikhathi, ngaphakathi kwesabelomali kuze kube yizilinganiso zekhwalithi.