Isendlalelo seSikhwama semibhalo
I-RIAA, eqinisekisa i- albhamu ne- platinum yokuthengisa i-albhamu, ibilokhu igcina amarekhodi okudayiswa kwe-albhamu yonyaka kusukela ngo-1973.
Ukusebenzisa idatha etholakalayo yama-1970 kanye neye-1980, singabheka emuva eminyakeni embalwa ngokunemba futhi sibone ukuthi kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1950 kanye nokwethulwa kwamarekhodi okudlala isikhathi eside (LPs), kwenzeka okuthile okuphawulekayo. I-LP yashintsha ingxenye encane yemboni yokuzijabulisa ngo-1950 ibe yiyiphi, ngo-1973, i-behemoth enezingxenye ezincane ezingaphansi kwesigidi sezigidigidi ezithengiswayo.
Umkhuba wokukhula wabuye waqhubeka ngawo-1970, uhamba phambili ngo-1999 ngokuthengiswa okuphelele kwamayunithi angama-1 billion. Kodwa kukhona okunye okwenzeke phakathi neminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa, okuyiyo leyo yokuthengisa ye-LP, isikhungo esivela phambili sokuhambisa ngo-1971, sasilokhu sinqatshwa phakathi neminyaka engamashumi amabili alandela kuze kube ngo-1990 kwakuyizinto eziwumkhiqizo we-niche, okwakhiwa esikhundleni sekhasethi futhi, ngokuya, ama-CD.
I-Heyday yamanothi e-Liner ngawo-1970
Lokhu kubalulekile, ngoba i-LP ingene iphakheji lesikwele esingu-12-intshi, ehlinzeka ubuncane bezinqimba ezingu-144 zeskrini somhleli esikhwameni sangemuva kuphela kunoma yini umculi kanye nenkampani yokurekhoda evunyelwe ukuba khona.
Ngokuvamile njengoba kungenjalo, izindaba zomhleli zaqhubeka ku-albhamu ye-albhamu - ikhava yokuzivikela eyalela ngaphakathi kwekhava le-LP.
Ekugcineni, lo mkhuba owatholwa njengama-liner amanothi wanda isikhathi eside kangangokuthi ekugcineni imibono eminingi ebhaliwe yayingekho esikhwameni sangemuva kodwa kwi-liner ye-albhamu - ngakho-ke "amanothi e-liner." La manothi aqukethe ulwazi mayelana namarekhodi - izikweletu kuwo wonke umuntu ohilelekile ekurekhodweni, ulwazi mayelana nelebuli yokurekhoda ukukhipha irekhodi, imininingwane ye-copyright, futhi ngezinye izikhathi, ingoma yomculo - kanye nokukhula kokuqukethwe okuhambisana nomculo.
Imithonya yezenhlalakahle nezombangazwe kuLiner Note Content
Lokhu kwandiswa komsebenzi wesikhangiso se-liner kuhambisana nomunye umkhuba okwandisa ukubaluleka kwayo - inguquko yezenhlalakahle yama-1960 eyashintsha umculo emotweni engenamacala okuthandana ngothando ngo-1950 waba yingxenye enamandla yezenhlalo nezombangazwe ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960.
Abaculi abakhulu kakhulu bezinkulungwane ezingamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye namashumi ayisithupha ubudala, njengabalandeli babo abaningi, bakholelwa ukuthi ingxenye yomsebenzi wabo kwakuwukushintsha umhlaba. Ukuphakama okukhulu kunjengokuthi "Woza Abantu, Bonke Bahlangene Manje," okuqoshwe yi-YoungBloods, okufanekisiwe okuqoshiwe kwerekhodi yenkathi. Iningi likaBob Dylan elikhulu kakhulu ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1960 futhi ekuqaleni kwawo-1970 - kanye nokubaluleka kwezobuciko - imilayezo yomphakathi eqondile, njengoba kunamaphuzu amakhulu kakhulu eMotown.
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sokunganeliseki kwezombangazwe nezenhlalakahle, abagxeki bezenhlalo nabahlaziyi bomculo bathole ukuthi amanothi e-liner ayindawo enhle yokukhala. Amarekhodi amanga 'uRalph Gleason afanekisela umkhuba. UGleason, ohlangene nezindima zokugxeka umphakathi, umculi womculo, kanye nokuqopha kwemboni yamarekhodi, wabhala amanothi e-liner abhalwe kahle, abhale kahle hhayi nje ukuveza umbono wakhe ngomculo we-albhamu kodwa futhi nokukhanyisa ukubaluleka komphakathi / kwezombusazwe.
I-Demise ye-Liner Note
Ngenxa yezizathu ezihlobene ngokuqondile nezimo ezenza ukuba amanothi aphakame, baye banqamuka ngokubaluleka futhi basebenzisa kuwo wonke ama-1980 futhi baqhubeka nokwehla kwekhulu lama-21, lapho amanothi e-liner - ahlanganisa hhayi nje amanothi e-liner, kodwa kunoma yimuphi omunye indawo - isuke isanda kakhulu futhi kaningi engekho ngokuphelele.
Ngo-1980, inkathi ye-LP yayiphezulu kakhulu. Amarekhodi e-Vinyl akhona namuhla kodwa njengento yomkhiqizo we-niche. Ngo-1980, izimoto eziphambili zokuletha umculo kumthengi kwakuyi-cassettes encane emisha (hhayi umkhiqizo omkhulu, owokuqala "we-8-track") namaCD.
Zombili lezi zinto zincane kakhulu izinto. Ngisho ne-CD enkulu inamasentimitha angaba ngu-25 kuphela wekhala elitholakalayo lokuphawula okulandayo - kukhululekile kwe-sonnet. Nakuba ama-commentary amaningi aqhubeka ngezikhathi ezithile ezincwadini "zezincwajana ze-CD," afakwa ngaphakathi kwephakheji le-CD, inkathi yenothi lokubaluleka kwezenhlalo nezombangazwe yayingaphezu
Isikhala esinciphile kwakungeyona kuphela isizathu. Ngama-1980, imboni yokurekhoda yayiyingxenye ehlanganisiwe yemboni yokuzijabulisa ye-trillion-dollar. Ayikho yezinkampani eziphezulu - phakathi kwazo i-EMI, i- Warners Group , i- Sony, ne-BMG - ayimangazwe, ngama-radicals ezombusazwe / ezombusazwe anesithakazelo ekuphawuleni kwezepolitiki. Abaculi, nabo, balandela ukuthambekela kwe-depoliticizing. Abaphangi baqhubeka behileleka kwezombangazwe ngaphezu kwalabo abaculi, kepha ukuphawula kwabo kwakukhona lapho bonke bezwa ku-NWA kanye nabanye abaningi. Abadingi amanothi e-liner.
Nakuba amanye amawebhusayithi e-amaculo aqhubeka nokunikeza ukulandwa kwe-digital ukuhlaziya ngomculo wabo, ngokuvamile, ukubaluleka kwamanothi e-liner kunciphise ngisho nangemva kwesikhathi kancane ku-21 C. njengoba imboni iguquke ngokuphindaphindiwe ekulandweni kwe-digital nokusakaza.