Ingabe ufisa ukuba u- Agatha Christie olandelayo futhi ubhale inoveli yemfihlakalo? Abalobi abafaka ama-agent abhalisiwe kufanele baqonde ukuthi imibhalo yabo yesandla ihambelana kanjani nesitolo semabhuku esitolo semfilosofi (yezincwadi zemibhalo).
Okokuqala, yenza ucwaningo lwakho mayelana nohlobo lwemfihlakalo ngokujwayelekile. Bese-ke, funda ufunde ukuze ufunde mayelana nezinhlobo ezinkulu zamanoveli eziyimfihlakalo, ngezansi. Kungani?
Ngoba ngenxa yalokho ubhala incwadi yombuzo wencwadi yemfihlakalo kumenzeli, kusiza ukwazi ukuthi umthengisi uzosibeka kuphi futhi azi ukuthi izihloko zizoziqhathanisa nani. Ngaphakathi kwencwadi eyimfihlakalo emikhulu yezinhlamvu ezincane ze-Hard-Abilisiwe, Epholile, e-Procedural and Thriller / Suspense, kunezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuhlela izici noma izinhlobo ezincane ezidayiswa ngabathengisi.
Futhi, uma uzama ukuthola amabhuku atholakele ku-intanethi usebenzisa i-SEO, imethadatha namagama angukhiye ahlelwe noma atholakale kumashalofu esitolo samatafula nezitolo , lezi zigaba kanye nama-sub-genres zibalulekile ekusizeni abafundi bezimfihlakalo ukuthi bathole incwadi yakho.
Izinhlobo Zemiveli Engamanga
I-Hard-Abilisiwe Ne-Soft-Abilisiwe
Izimfihlakalo eziphethwe kanzima nobugebengu bokweqile ubugebengu ngokuvamile kubandakanya umhloli wokuhlola njengomuntu oyinhloko, futhi abakwa-protagonists bavame ukulwa nezidalwa zabo, amademoni alinganiselayo awakhathazayo njengoba exazulula leli cala.
Ukubulala nokulwa nobugebengu kwenzeke ezimisweni zesibindi, futhi udlame luvame ukuchazwa ngokucacile.
Abaphenyi abilisiwe abanjwe ezinsukwini zobusuku zikaDashiell Hammett. Abalandeli bezinsuku zanamuhla bahlanganisa amaphoyisa kaMichael Connelly, uDecective Harry Bosch, osebenza emigwaqweni yamanje yaseLos Angeles, noJames Lee Burke, uDave Robicheaux, owenza umsebenzi wokuphenya nge-Louisiana bayou.
I-subset of detective fiction elula ngethoni noma ngobudlova obucacile noma ubulili ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa "yi-soft-abilisiwe," nakuba lokhu kungaphansi kwegama eliphansi. Isibonelo singaba uchungechunge lukaSara Paretsky oluhambisana ne-female PIVI Warshawski noma uchungechunge lwe "alfabhethi" lwe-Sue Grafton ( A Is for Alibi , njll), equkethe uKensey Millhone.
Mysteries Ehlekile noma "AmaCozies"
Okuthandekayo ngalezi zincwadi kuvame ukulungiselelwa. Ukubulawa kwenzeka endaweni enesimo esiseduze, njengedolobhana elincane, umakhelwane noma isikole samabanga aphansi. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi omunye umuntu uye waxoshwa, i-cozy ijwayele ukukhanya ithoni; okungukuthi, uhlelwe ukuze ungacasuli izinkinga ezibucayi. Ngakho-ke ngenkathi indaba ingabandakanya zonke izinhlobo zokuphambuka, izenzo zangempela (njengokubulala, olunye udlame, ubulili be-kinky, njll) azichazwe embonweni ocacile.
U-sleuth oxazulula le mfihlakalo uvame ukuba ngumculi, njengo-Agatha Christie owayesekhulile u-Miss Marple noma u-Karen MacInerney ohlala ekhaya, uMargie Peterson. Kodwa hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi - Umholi we-Ladies 'Detective Agency, u-Alexander McCall Smith, ongu-1, u-Precious Ramotswe, ungumqeqeshi wezezimali.
I-Malice Domestic yinhlangano ezinikezelwe uhlobo oluhle.
Unyaka ngamunye, inhlangano ibamba ingqungquthela yaminyaka yonke, ikhiqiza i-anthology futhi ihlonipha abahlinzeki bayo abakhulu nge-Agatha, iMpilo yokuPhumelela kanye neMigomo yePoirot.
Unyaka ngamunye i-Mystery Writers of America inikezela umklomelo kaMary Higgins Clark kulokho okungahle kubhekwe ukuthi kutholile (ngezinye izindlela ezimbalwa).
Ama-Procedurals
Imfihlakalo yenkambiso inesici sayo esiyinhloko ukuhlukunyezwa, ukucwaningwa ngokucophelela nokuchazwa ngokucacile ukuthi ubugebengu buxazululwa kanjani, nganoma yiziphi izindlela ukukhetha komlingisi oyinhloko. Kungenzeka ukuthi uphenyo lomphenyi (njengamaphoyisa enqubo, njengamakhoveli kaJoseph Wambaugh) noma uphenyo lwesayensi lobufakazi (njengezincwadi zikaPatricia Cornwell ezinomhloli wezokwelapha uKay Scarpetta noma uchungechunge lukaKathy Reichs isazi semvelo esiphezulu se-Temperance Brennan).
Ama-Thrillers / Suspense
Ama-Thrillers and Suspense anemivuthano ehlukile yezenzo ezingaphezu kwamanye amanoveli engaqondakali, kodwa iningi labathengisi bezincwadi libafakela ngaphakathi noma eduze nendawo ye-Mystery.
In noveli yemfihlakalo, indima ye-protagonist ivame ukuthola umbulali. Ngenkathi isisusa sakhe sokuxazulula leli cala singabandakanya isici somuntu siqu, ukusongela ngokomzimba ku-protagonist ngokuvamile ekupheleni kwendaba, njengoba esondela ekuxazululeni ubugebengu.
Amathrekhi kanye namanoveli amacala, ngokuphambene, aqala ngeziqu eziphakeme kakhulu ze-protagonist. Isiqephu singase sihlanganise noma singabandakanyi ukubulala kwasekuqaleni, kodwa usongo lwengozi lungenakwenzeka kusukela ekuhambeni, futhi isakhiwo sakha futhi siphenduka lapho.
- Ku-Thrillers - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ama-stakes angumuntu siqu (i-spots man and pursues the killer's years after the kill); i-patriotic (ibhomu ifihliwe endaweni ethile eNtabeni eNgcwele), noma emhlabeni jikelele (i-virus ebulalayo izokhishwa ngendiza yabagibeli abangu-200 abavela eHong Hong kuya eParis), iwashi liyakhathaza futhi isenzo kanye nesinyathelo akuyona into e-non- Ima. Isibonelo ngu-Alan Folsom's Day After After Tomorrow .
- E-Suspense - i-protagonist ngokuvamile iyona elandelwayo futhi kumele ithole ukuthi yini eyenzekayo futhi iphikisana nayo-futhi, ngokufaka izigxobo kusukela ekuqaleni. Kodwa lapha ukuhlukumeza kwakha ngokweqile, kaningi ngokwengeziwe kwengqondo - njengamanoveli kaPatricia Highsmith, noma kuGillian Flynn's Gone Girl.
Izinhlobo ze-Mystery Novel Sub-Izinhlobo
Manje ukuthi ufunde mayelana nezinhlobo eziyinhloko funda mayelana nezinhlobo ezingezansi ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa amanoveli emfihlakalo.
- UCapers - uCarl Hiaasen noJanet Evanovich bangabalobi ababili abasebenza ngokukhethekile kulezi zincwadi ezibandakanya amahlaya kanye / noma izigameko zobugebengu ezihlekisayo.
- Ama-Classics - Bandakanya abalobi abafana no-Agatha Christie, Rex Stout, uRaymond Chandler, uDaphne du Maurier, uDashiell Hammett, uWilkie Collins, u-Edgar Allan Poe, no-Sir Arthur Conan Doyle noPatricia Highsmith.
- Okubalulekile - Abanye abalobi bacabanga kabusha abalingiswa bezimlando noma abaqanjiwe njengama-sleuth, ngokuvamile ukukhalaza kubalandeli abakhona bombhali noma isikhathi, njengoba uPac James enza nabalingiswa bakaJane Austen Ekufeni Kufika KuPemberley.
- Amakhaya asekhaya (uLillian Jackson Brown), izinja (uSusan Conant), ukupheka (uDiane Mott Davidson), ukubopha (uMaggie Sefton), umama (Liane Moriarty), itiye (uLaura Childs) Ukuphila kwasekhaya kuyinto ecebile, ikakhulukazi ama-cozies.
- Uhlobo lomphenyi - Iphoyisa elisemthethweni, umphenyi wangasese, u-amateur we-ney, u-British - ngezinye izikhathi abafundi bathanda ukukhetha ngohlobo lwe-sleuth.
- Ukusekelwe kwendawo - Lezi zimfihlakalo ziboshwe ezindaweni zazo futhi zinikeza umuzwa omkhulu wendawo kanye nemfihlakalo. Izibonelo zibandakanya uchungechunge lwe-Craig Johnson's Longmire oluse-Wyoming, uGreg Iles ubeka izincwadi zakhe edolobheni lakubo lase Natchez, Mississippi, umshayeli we-Alexander McCall Smith eGaborone, inhloko-dolobha yaseBotswana, no-Phoebe Atwood Taylor's Asey Mayo Cape Cod Mystery series.
- Intshisekelo yasendaweni - Futhi indawo esekelwe endaweni, imfihlakalo yendawo yangasese ivame ukubekwa ezindaweni ezihambelayo zokuhlala, ukwenza umsebenzi ophindwe kabili njengokubukwa kuqala kanye / noma isikhumbuzo sokuvakasha noma "isikhumbuzo ekhaya" isikhumbuzo kubantu abaye bahamba. Isibonelo, uDeb Baker's sleuth uGertie Johnson "unguJooper" - kusukela e-Peninsula ephezulu yaseMichigan; U-Ellen Crosby ubhala imfihlakalo yezwe lewayini. Abathengisi ngokuvamile basekela izincwadi zendawo (funda indlela yokuxhumana nabathengisi ukuba baphathe incwadi yakho yendawo, lapha ).
- Ikamelo elikhiyiwe - Lezi zimfihlakalo zibandakanya ubugebengu obonakala sengathi abukho emzimbeni - igama livela ebugebengu lapho isisulu sokubulala esisegumbini sigodliwe ngokuphelele ngaphakathi ngaphandle kokubonakala singekho. Abalobi abaningi (uSir Arthur Conan Doyle, Agatha Christie) babhale imfihlo yamakamelo ahluthulelwe noma amabili, kodwa abalobi abazibandakanya kubo bahlanganisa uJohn Dickson Carr no-Edward D. Hoch.
- Umlando - Lezi zibekwe kwenye inkathi. Isibonelo, uchungechunge luka-Elizabeth Peters Medieval olune-monk uMfoweth 'uCadfael, noma uchungechunge lwakhe olubekwe ekhulwini lama-19 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 leminyaka laseGibithe nge-archeologist Amelia Peabody Emerson.
- Ngezinye izikhathi izimfihlakalo ziyoba nezinhlamvu zomlando ezinkundleni ezinkulu noma ezincane, njengeCaleb Carr sika- The Alienist , ehlelwe eNew York ngesikhathi uTeddy Roosevelt engumkhomishana wamaphoyisa.
- I-Multi-Cultural & Diverse - Izimfihlakalo ezinika abafundi ithuba lokuzibandakanya emiphakathini ehlukene ehlukene emiphakathini ziyakuthandwa kokubili emiphakathini yazo futhi njengamawindi abafundi emiphakathini engaphandle kwendulungu yabo yangempela. Izibonelo zincwadi zikaGrace Edwards 'zeMali Anderson eziseHarlem noTony Hillerman, izincwadi zabo zibandakanya amazwe aseNative American nezinkinga.
- I-Noir - Cabanga ngamama-gamu ukubulala, ama-Private Eye abamba emakhazeni, ukubonakalisa izimpawu ezihlangene ze-neon ezibonisa emafasiteleni. I-Gritty, emnyama, i-moody, leli gama lihambisana nezigaba ezifana noRaymond Chandler noDashiell Hammett kodwa futhi zingasetshenziswa nasemisebenzini yanamuhla, njengohlelo luka-Easy Rawlins lukaWalter Mosley.
- I-Romantic Suspense - I-mash-up yokuthandana nokubulala, udokotela oyedwa ohloniphekile nguNora Roberts, owadala igama elithi JD Robb ngokubhala kulolu hlobo oluthile. Qaphela ukuthi abalobi beRomance of America banikeza umklomelo wonyaka we-RITA ngalesi sigaba.
- I-Sherlock Holmes - Ezinye izitolo, njenge-Mysterious Bookshop eNew York City, zinikezela isigaba esithi "uSherlockania" - imisebenzi yasekuqaleni, iziqephu, izifundo zesayensi, njll.
- Izinto ezingenasidalwa / eziyingqayizivele / Fantasy - Eziningi zazo zikhona izakhi zemfihlakalo kodwa, njengoba imihlangano yalezi zinhlobonhlobo ijwayele ukulawula, lezi zincwadi zivame ukufakwa emaceleni kulezo zindawo lapho abalandeli bengakwazi ukukuthola kangcono.
- Ubugebengu Beqiniso - Ngaphambi Kwesiteshi Se-ID Yophenyo, kwakudingeka sifunde ama-akhawunti angewona amanga okubulala okubi kakhulu. U-Truman Capote wabeka ibha yokubhala nge- Blood Cold; U-Ann Rule uyinkosi ende yesikhathi eside.
- I-vocational - izinqubo kanye nezintshisekelo zivame ukuba ne-protagonists enomsebenzi okhethekile noma i-career yezemidlalo, njengezomthetho (nguJohn Grisham noScott Turow), ochwepheshe (uPatricia Cornwell, Kathy Reichs), ozokwelapha (uRobin Cook), ongokwengqondo (uJonathan Kellerman), wezepolitiki (Vince Flynn), amasosha (uTom Clancy), ezemidlalo (uDick Francis).
Qaphela ukuthi amanoveli amaningi (uma kungenjalo) ayimfihlakalo aqukethe izinto ezingaphezu kweyodwa. Isibonelo, i-protagonist yaseNingizimu Afrika uRennie Airth uMhloli uJohn Madden ungumdlali wezwe weMpi Yezwe I futhi izimfihlakalo zenzeka ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kungaba "ukubhebhetheka" (ngokomzimba noma cishe) kumaphetheli e-Historical noma eBrithani noma ngisho nobugebengu bamazwe ngamazwe.
Futhi ukushicilelwa kwencwadi kubuye kulandele imikhuba nezitayela zishintsha. Isibonelo, ukungenisa kwamanye amazwe nokuhumusha izimfihlakalo zaseScandinavia - ezungeze kusukela ku-Peter Hoeg sikaSmilla's Sense of Snow - waba ngumkhuba ongemuva ngemuva kweThe Girl With the Dragon Tattoo ngu-Stieg Larsson waba ngumthengi ohamba phambili. Ukuthandwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo olulodwa lungase luqhube futhi lugele amandla emakethe.