Izikhali zamakhemikhali zibulalayo futhi zinzima ukubhekana nazo.
Umlando weMpi Yezimakethe: I-Mustard Gas ku-Anthrax
Impi yamakhemikhali ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zamakhemikhali ezinobuthi njengezikhali. Impi yezobuciko ayiyona entsha. Impi yamanje yamakhemikhali yaqala eMpini Yezwe Yokuqala lapho i-Army yaseJalimane isebenzisa igesi lwesinaphi ukushisa amasosha emanzini kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zegesi enobuthi zasetshenziswa kuMpini Yezwe Lokuqala neMpi Yezwe Yesibili. Izikhali zamakhemikhali zibhekwa njengezingavumelani njengoba zingenciki emandleni okuqhuma ukulimaza noma ukubulala.
Noma kunjalo, izikhali zamakhemikhali zanamuhla ziyancipha futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi. Amasosha namuhla kufanele abhekane nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali ezibulalayo kusukela kuma-nervo agents kuya kuma-blister agents. Esinye sezikhali zamakhemikhali ezibulala kakhulu yi-sarin gas. Izidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu ngaphezu kwe-cyanide, i-sarin ihlasela isimiso sezinzwa futhi iye yaziwa ngokubulala abantu ngaphansi komzuzu owodwa ngemuva kokuhlangana negesi.
Izikhali zamakhemikhali zanamuhla zivela ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene. Lezi zihlanganisa ukuqina, igesi kanye ne-liquid. Izikhali zamakhemikhali zithunyelwa ngokusebenzisa amasu amaningana ahlukene, okuvela amabhomu kuya ezindizeni kuya emoyeni. Ezinye izikhali zamakhemikhali ziyahlakazeka zisebenzisa i-pyrotechnics kanye nokuqhuma.
I-United Nations ihlonze ngamakhemikhali angama-70 angasetshenziswa njengezikhali ezinkingeni zanamuhla zokulwa.
Izikhali zamakhemikhali ezibulalayo kakhulu zibizwa ngokuthi "Lethal Unitary Chemical Agents and Munitions." Lezi yizikhali zamakhemikhali ezinobungozi kakhulu.
AmaSulumane Amakhemikhali E-US
Amasheya ase-US asebenzisa izikhali zakhe zamakhemikhali ezindaweni ezimbalwa ezisezempi eziseduze nezwe. Nokho, indawo ngqo yezikhali zamakhemikhali ihlukaniswa ulwazi. Izikhali zamakhemikhali eziyingozi kunazo zonke ezigcinwe yi-US zingama-blister amanxusa anamandla abangela isikhumba esinamandla nesilonda. Nakuba engeyona ingxenye yempi ejwayelekile, iningi lamabutho emhlabeni wonke libeka izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimpi zamakhemikhali.
Izinselele ezihlobene nokugcina nokuphatha izikhali ze-chikhali
Inkinga yokusetshenziswa kwezikhali zamakhemikhali yinkinga yokukhomba kuphela isitha esikhombisiwe. Amabutho akho, amabutho ahlangene, kanye nabantu abahlali bangagula noma babulawe ngaphezu kwezinhloso eziyinhloko. Izikhali eziningi zamakhemikhali zingase zihlale emhlabathini ongaphansi komhlaba nasemhlabathini isikhathi eside ngemuva kokuba zihlakazeke, zenze kube usongo oluqhubekayo kubantu abahlali.
Njengoba izigcawu ezindala ziphelelwe yisikhathi, ukudilizwa okuphephile nokulahlwa kuyinselelo empi. Isibonelo, i-Umatilla Chemical Depot yindawo yokulahlwa kwezimoto ze-GB kanye ne-VX nama-blister agents e-HD iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabili, nomsebenzi wabo uphetha ngo-2011.
Ukulahlwa okuqhubekayo kwenzeka ezindaweni eziningi.