Uyini umehluko phakathi kweSpanishi neLatinino?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi okunye okuthandayo ngoba izincazelo zesichazamazwi zodwa zihlukile, alikho igama okufanele lisetshenziswe emhlabeni jikelele ukushiya elinye.
Ukwengeza engxoxweni okubhekwa kuyo ukuthi yiyiphi inqunyiwe yilezi ngokuthi kuye ngokuthi ubani ocela, cishe uzothola incazelo ehlukile.
Esinye sezizathu zokuntuleka kokucacile yilapho noma yiliphi igama elisetshenziselwa ukukhomba umuntu njengengxenye yeqembu elikhulu kungaba kokubili okuzithobayo kanye nendaba yokuzikhethela - ngisho nalapho kunesichazamazwi sangempela sokukhonkolo.
Yiliphi igama elibhekwa njengelungile emisebenzini yebhizinisi (futhi yangasese)? Lokho kuxhomeke ukuthi ubani okhuluma naye futhi okuthandayo komuntu okhuluma naye.
Amaphuzu kanye nezifundo ezenziwa nge-Latino ngokumelene neSpanishi, izingxabano kakhulu ukuthi kunzima ukwazi okuthandwa ngabanye kunoma yini enye ngaphandle kwesilinganiso esikhulu futhi esingathembeki. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuthi kube nokukhathazeka emvelweni webhizinisi uma ubhekisela kunoma ubani okhuluma iSpanishi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Kuyafaneleka Ukubuza Umsuka Womuntu, Kodwa Akusiyo Umncintiswano Wabo
Uma ungabaza, kungcono ukubuza othile ukuthi bangathanda ukubhekwa kanjani kunokuba bacabange ukuthi uyazi kangcono.
Enye indlela yokwenza umbuzo uwukubuza nje ukuthi, "UngumSpanishi noma waseLatin America?"
Ungalokothi ubuze ukuthi "uhlanga luni?" ngoba akukho nkulumo ichaza umncintiswano, kanti kwezinye izimo, ukubuza lo mbuzo endaweni yomsebenzi kungase kube mthethweni futhi kungakuveza ekutheni ungabhekana nomthetho ngaphansi kwemithetho yokulwa nokubandlulula .
Liphinde kubonise ukungabi nobuzwe bemasiko kubantu ngabanye.
Ukuchazwa kweSpanishi
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi incazelo yeSpanishi (ne-Latino) iyahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi umthombo oyisebenzisayo. Abanye bathi 'iSpanishi' ibhekisela emncintiswaneni, kodwa lokhu akulona iqiniso. Uhulumeni wase-United States uhlukanisa ngokukhethekile iSpanishi neLatino njengamagama ukuze kuchazwe izindawo ezivela kuwo hhayi umjaho womuntu.
I-Census Bureau yase-US iphinde ivume ukuthi iSpanishi ibhekisela esifundeni, hhayi emncintiswaneni, futhi isebenzisa leli gama ukuchaza noma yimuphi umuntu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlanga, inkolo, noma umbala, okuvela kuwo eMexico, ePuerto Rican, eCuban, Central noma South American , noma eminye imvelaphi yaseSpanishi. Izindawo eziqotshwe amaSpain zazibhekwa njengengxenye yesifunda okuthiwa i-Hispania, okuyilapho khona igama elithi "iSpanishi" lingatholakala khona.
Ihhovisi lokuPhatha kanye neBhajethi lihlanganisa yonke imvelaphi ibe yiqembu elilodwa, kodwa lichaza "iSpanishi noma i- Latino" ngokuthi "umuntu waseCuba, waseMexico, wasePuerto Rican, eNingizimu noma eMelika Ephakathi, noma eminye isiko noma imvelaphi yaseSpanishi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlanga luni."
Njengoba kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi yiliphi igama elizolisebenzisa, ukugcizelela kakhulu kufanele kube yiziphi amagama ongazisebenzisi; okungukuthi, lawo magama abhekwa njengengalungile kwezombangazwe.
Ingabe 'i-Chicano' Yamukeleka?
Lokhu kuxhomeke kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye. Cishe yonke indawo, igama elithi 'Chicano' lithathwa njengokungamukeleki futhi lingabhekwa njengento enhle ngabanye abantu. Leli gama, okokuqala elihlose ukuhlambalaza, alihlanganiswa nabantu baseMexico, kodwa ngabomhlophe nezinye izinhlanga. Lokhu kubhekisela kubantu basefa laseMexico kepha kwakungenhloso yokungahloniphi, ukubiza abantu baseMexico njengabafundi abaphansi emphakathini.
Kodwa-ke, leli gama alikho imithetho enzima futhi esheshayo njengoba abaningi baseMexico baseMelika benza ngokuziqhenya leli gama. U-Actor Cheech Marin uyisibonelo esisodwa seMexico-American esichaza esidlangalaleni njengokuba yi-Chicano, njengalabo ababengummeleli we-Texas State uPaul Moreno.
I-Chicano Punk, i-website eyakhiwe njengephrojekthi yekilasi le-American Cultures / Chicano Studies, ivuma ukuthi umsuka we-'Cocano 'yayihloselwe ukuyihlambalaza, kodwa iyaqhubeka ichaza iphuzu elibalulekile - ukuthi ingaba nayo incazelo enhle kakhulu futhi enamandla kwabanye:
Ngokomphakathi, i-Chicano Movement yakhuluma ngalokho okwakubonakala ukuthi yizinkolelo ezimbi zamazwe aseMexico ezithinta abezindaba kanye ne-American consciousness. Ngezinye izikhathi i-Chicano Movement ibizwa ngokuthi i-La Causa (Isizathu).
Imigomo yaseMexico ne-Xicans ilandele i-label Chicano, kodwa yonke inencazelo efanayo. Futhi, kuyilapho abanye baseMexico baseMelika bekhululekile ukubizwa ngokuthi yi-Chicano, abanye abangekho. Ngaphandle kokuba ungumuntu waseMexico noma waseMelika, noma lowo muntu okhonjiswe njengalokhu emenyezelwe, ungasebenzisi i-Chicano.
Ngonyaka ka-2012, uHuffington Post wabhala isihloko esithakazelisayo mayelana nokuziphendukela kwamagama okuqaphela ukuthi:
UFrancisco P. Ramírez, nakuba uLos Clamor Público, eLas Angeles, ekhuluma ngeSpanishi ngesonto lonke, uhlongoze igama elithi 'la raza' ukuchaza abantu baseCalifornia baseMexico. Amanye ama-self-identifiers yi-población, i-población California ne-raestra raza española. URichard Griswold del Castillo, Nokho, waphawula ukuthi, emasikweni aseMexico eCalifornia, "ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo 'kweLa Raza' njengegama elivamile emshinini wolimi lwesiSpanishi kwakuwubufakazi bokuthi uhlobo olusha lwamacebo ohlanga."
Ngamanye amazwi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi igama elithi 'Chicano' liwumthombo wokuziqhenya noma igama okufanele ligwenywe lingase lixhomeke ekutheni umuntu othile uzizwa kanjani.
Amaphuzu Okubalulekile Okufanele Awakhumbule
Ukuzifunda ngokwemvelo akufani neze nokuzwela ngokwemvelo. Uma ungabaza, buza ngoba ngabanye, abantu abavela kuzo zonke izici zokuphila bangakwazi ukukhomba - noma bafuna ukubonakala ngendlela ephikisana namalebula akhona. Eqinisweni, ukumane ubiza umuntu nganoma yisiphi isizathu kungabhekwa njengento ecasulayo futhi engadingekile, ikakhulukazi uma isetshenziselwa ukugxila noma ezinye izinhloso zokuhlukanisa.
Umehluko phakathi kweLatino neSpanishi:
- I-Latino ibhekisela kumazwe (noma amasiko) ayekade elawulwa yiRoma. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-Italy, i-France, iSpain, njll. AbaseBrazil babhekwa njengeLatin kodwa ababhekwa njengabaseSpanishi.
- AmaSpanishi achaza amasiko noma amazwe ayekade engaphansi kokubusa kweSpanishi (iMexico, i-Central America, kanye neningi laseNingizimu Melika lapho iSpanishi yilona ulimi oluyinhloko).
E-American-English, i-Latino iye yafaniswa ne-Hispanic futhi ijwayele ukusetshenziselwa ngokungafani ngaphandle kokwehliswa naphezu kokukhomba imvelaphi emibili ehlukene, kodwa akufanele kusetshenziswe igama ukuchaza umjaho. Ukwengeza:
- I-Latino: Uma ukhuluma ngokungahambisani nobulili, ukukhomba kokubili amadoda nabesifazane, sebenzisa i-Latino.
- I-Latina: Uma ukhuluma ngokuqondile nabesifazane, sebenzisa i-Latina.