Enkulumweni yasanda kuxoxwa nomagazini waseYunivesithi waseGuelph Alumni "Portico", ummeli we-patent uMaria Granovsky uchaze umqashi wakhe wokuqala emkhakheni wezomthetho, u-firm firm uSterne Kessler, i-Goldstein & Fox (iWashington, DC), ngokuthi "bafuna ukuba nabangane abangakwazi baphikisana amaphuzu amahle wesayensi ". Ngakho-ke, ngempela, ukuthi bakhokhela izifundo zakhe zokuya esikoleni somthetho.
Umshado Womthetho neSayensi
Amathuba omsebenzi, kubantu abanezizinda zomthetho nezesayense, bafaka umsebenzi njengochwepheshe wezobuchwepheshe (isitifiketi sesayensi) noma umlingani (kokubili ama degree), ukubhekana namacala e-IP njengemibango ye-patent, copyright kanye ne-trademark. Amacala angase avulelwe egameni lamakhasimende aselevele anelungelo lomkhiqizo noma i-copyright, enesizathu sokuthi lawo malungelo aphulwa yinye inhlangano. Ngezinye izikhathi, amaklayenti angadinga ukuvikelwa emangalelweni owenziwe elinye iqembu elithintekayo laso lobunikazi, abazizwa, alivumelekile.
Izinkinga eziningi ekusungulweni kobunikazi be-IP zingase zivele nanamuhla ngenxa yemali enkulu yokwenza isicelo se-patent eyenziwe futhi kunzima ngababili abacwaningi namagatsha alawulayo, ekugcineni ithrekhi yezinto ezithile (nokuqinisekisa ukuthi iyodwa).
Isingeniso esivele sichazwe ngaphambilini ezincwadini, noma into esesemakethe iminyaka, ayikwazi ukugunyazwa ngamalungelo, kodwa ihhovisi lokufaka, noma ihhovisi lobunikazi, kungenzeka lingakwazi umkhiqizo okhona ngaphambili.
Yilapho abameli bebizwa khona; ukuhlola amaqiniso, ukucacisa imithi yezomthetho, ukubeka phambili, nokuvikela amacala abo enkantolo. Ngokusho kukaGranovsky, amafemu omthetho athola isikhathi esinzima ekutholeni abantu abanokuqonda okujulile kwezobuchwepheshe ngenxa eminingi yalezi zindaba zobuchwepheshe.
IKomidi yeSayensi, Ubuchwepheshe, noMthetho
I-National Academy of Sciences iye yaqaphela ukuguqulwa kwale miyalo emibili ehlukene ngokwenza iKomidi leSayensi, ezobuchwepheshe kanye noMthetho, ukuhlola, ukuxoxa, nokubeka izinqubomgomo ezindaweni ezinhlanu ezinkulu: Isayensi ku-Litigation, Inqubomgomo Yokwaziswa Ye-Federal / Ukufinyelela ocwaningweni Idatha, iSayensi kanye nokuPhepha koMphakathi, Amalungelo okuPhathwa kweMpahla kanye nokuVikela kwaBantu abahlanganyele ekuPhenyweni kweMvelo.
Ngokusho kwe-Academy, iningi lezinkinga zamacala ezomthetho ezungeze izinkinga zezobuchwepheshe yilona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokuthi lezi ziyalo ezimbili zendabuko ziye zashintsha kanjani. Umkhuba woMthetho usekelwe emaqinisweni nasekutholeni okuphelele ekuzameni ukuxazulula izinkinga ezingase zibe nezimpendulo ezicacile ngokwesayensi. Isayensi, ngokwemvelo, kuyisiyalo sokukwabelana ngolwazi, kanye nokucinga okuphelile kokuqonda okukhulisiwe, 'amaqiniso' awo ahlale ebuyekezwa ".
Ukwandisa ukuhweba kanye nesidingo sokubuyiselwa kwezimali ze-biotechnology kanye nokuxhaswa ngemali yocwaningo ngokusebenzisa inzuzo, kuye kwaholela ekuhlaselweni kwesizinda sesayensi ngezindaba zomthetho ezizungezile i-IP, ukufinyelela kwedatha yocwaningo kanye nezingxabano zentshisekelo. Nakuba isayensi kungenzeka ukuthi yenze ngaphandle kobameli esikhathini esidlule, manje kunezinkinga eziningi ezibalulekile ze-bioethics okumelwe zibhekiswe kuzo ezindaweni zesayensi yezemvelo, i-biotechnology, i-genetics kanye nocwaningo lwezokwelapha.
Ukuphumelela kunoma yikuphi isiyalo kuncike ekutheni ukwazi ukuhamba "ukuthola iqiniso"; ukuqoqa imininingwane nokuyiklama ngendlela ehlelekile. Bobabili badinga inani eliphezulu lologi futhi banake imininingwane. Ngakho-ke, amandla endaweni eyodwa asetshenziselwa kalula komunye. Idijithi yeSayensi / i-Law ehlangene inikeza amathuluzi abalulekile okunye okunye okukhethwa kukho komsebenzi njengokubonisana, ukuphathwa kwezinkampani nezinye izindawo zobuchwepheshe.
Akuzona zonke izikhazikhazi nezinduna zezinkantolo, noma kunjalo. Njenganoma yimuphi umsebenzi, iningi lomkhuba lihilela ukuya emihlanganweni, ukubona amakhasimende, ucwaningo, nokufunda, ukubhala izincwadi nokubuyekeza izivumelwano kanye neminye imibhalo, kodwa incazelo yomsebenzi inhle kulabo abanentshisekelo yokutadisha isayensi kodwa befuna umsebenzi ngaphandle kwelabhorethri.