Ngemva kokuthola ukuthi kakade ilebula egama elibizwa ngeStatres Records, uStewart no-Axton baqamba kabusha i-label yabo i-Stax Records.
Igama akulona into kuphela okuzoshintsha ezinsukwini zakuqala. Nakuba ilebula yaqala njengelebuli yezwe, ubuso obusukayo bomakhelwane baseStewart bangela isithakazelo kumculo we-R & B, futhi ilebuli idicilelwe izinhlobo.
Okuyisisekelo
- Yini: Qopha ilebuli Amarekhodi
- Kuphi: Memphis, TN, USA (idolobha elisungula)
- Eyasungulwa ngu: Jim Stewart no-Estelle Axton
- Kusungulwe: 1957
- Kuvaliwe: 1978 (nakuba igama lenkampani kanye nekhathalogu zatholwa yi-Concord Music Group ngo-2004 futhi umbhalo osuselwa ekukhishwa okusha)
I-Stax HQ
Indawo yasekhaya yaseState Records yayinkundla yaseshashalazini yasendulo eNingizimu Memphis, TN, eyayikhonza njengendlunkulu yebhizinisi lelebula kanye ne-studio yokurekhoda kanye nerekhodi esitolo (okwakusasebenza ngaphansi kweSatellite Records). Kuze kube phakathi neminyaka ka-1970, cishe wonke ama-hits welebula alotshwe kule studio, ne-house band Booker T. kanye nama-MGs (aba yizinkanyezi ngakwesokudla).
Kuyinto yeshashalazi eguquliwe ngokwayo ukuthi kukhona isikweletu sokuthi iSignon Records isayinwe.
Izitezi zazitshalaliswa ukuze zivumele indawo yokubeka isitayela samahholo, ukudala imvelo engavamile yokuqopha.
I-Gulf ne-Western Deal
Ngo-1968, uStex wayejabulele izimpumelelo eziningana futhi wakhanga iGulf naseNtshonalanga (iqembu eliyinhloko ngaleso sikhathi), owathenga leli ilebula lonyaka.
U-Axton uthengise isabelo sakhe, uStewart wagcina isabelo sakhe kodwa waphuma emsebenzini ngosuku nosuku, kanti u-Al Bell, ophethe i-PR umqondisi, wathatha izinsolo. Ukuthengiswa kwe-Atlantic kwaqedwa ngalesi sikhathi futhi. Ngezindlela eziningi, kwakuyisiqalo sokuphela. Bona ulwazi oluningi ngezansi mayelana nendaba ngemuva kwe-Gulf naseWestern deal.
Ama-Subsidiaries ase-Stax
Ngemuva kokuqothulwa ngama- payola ama-payola ka-1950, iziteshi zomsakazo ema-1960 zaziqaphele kakhulu ngokudlala amarekhodi amaningi kakhulu kunoma yiliphi ilebula eyodwa yokurekhoda. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kwakujwayelekile kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi amalebula ukuqala amalebuli "ezinsizakalo" - okuyizo ngokukhululeka ukukhulula i-albhamu ngelebuli eyinhloko negama lenye ilebuli ku-jacket ye-albhamu. I-Stax inezinamba zamalebula, kufaka phakathi:
- I-Hip
- I-Volt (ikhaya lika-Otis Redding)
- I-Chalice
- Ibhizinisi
Wonke umculo kulawa malebula wawunesi-Stax.
Hamba kahle amarekhodi e-Stax
Nakuba uStex waba nempumelelo enkulu emnyakeni we-1970 ngenkathi esebenza njengelebula elizimele-ikakhulukazi u-Isaac Hayes ne-Wattstax Festival (eyabonisa noRichard Pryor) -engakaze ibuyele ekulahlekelweni kwe-Atlantic. I-Gulf ne-Western babengazi lutho ngokusebenzisa ilebula futhi bahlukumeza kabi ibhizinisi.
Naphezu kokuphumelela kweHayes, i-Wattstax, nezinye ukukhishwa kwe-Stax, i-Gulf ne-Western azizange zibekwe phezu kwabo, futhi ilebuli yalahleka. Ngo-1975, uStex wabiza usuku. Ezinsukwini zokugcina, uStewart wabuyela ekhaya ukuze agcine leli ilebula liphila-elahlekelwa yilokho ilebula liye lahleka.
I-Stax Catalog and Reaperance of Label
Ngemuva kokuba uStex esehlehlisiwe, ikhathalogu yokugcina yelebula negama le-Stax yathengwa ngamaRekhodi amaFantasy, owadedela ama-albhamu ngaphansi kokushicilelwa aze athengise amalungelo abo ku-Concord ngo-2004. I-Concord iyaqhubeka isebenzisa umshini. Ikhathalogu eyayigcinwe yi-Atlantic (bheka imininingwane engezansi) ihlala ngaphansi kokulawula kwayo, nakuba amanye ama-albhamu athole ilayisense kumarekhodi e-Rhino.
I-Stax Amarekhodi Abaculi
Abanye abaculi abazokhulula umculo ku-Stax kule minyaka bahlanganisa:
- Isaac Hayes
- Otis Redding
- Rufus Thomas
- Johnnie Taylor
- Albert King
- The Staple Singers
IGulf kanye neWestern, Amarekhodi ase-Atlantic, kanye neKontrakthi eyodwa embi
UJerry Wexler we-Atlantic Record wayengumfana omkhulu we-Stax Records futhi wasebenza eduze nelebuli kuwo wonke ama-1960s (waze waze wafaka irekhodi labanye abaculi base-Atlantic eStex ukuthola umsindo wesignesha). Ubuhlobo bokusabalalisa phakathi kukaStex ne-Atlantic kubonakala buhle kuze kube yiWarner athenge i-Atlantic.
Kwakukhona isigatshana esenzweni se-Stax / Atlantic esinqamula isivumelwano uma i-Atlantic ithengwa enye inkampani. Kwakuyilapho uStewart athole khona ukuphazamiseka kwenkontileka ayesayine ne-Atlantic. Inkontileka yathi i-Atlantic - hhayi iState - yayinamakhosi kuma-albhamu abawahambisa. Ngakho-ke, lapho isivumelwano siphelile, i-Atlantic ishiywe ibambe iningi lama-hits amakhulu kakhulu.
Ngemva kokulahlekelwa amakhosi abo, uStex walahlekelwa ngumculi omkhulu kunaleli phepha, u-Otis Redding. U-Redding ushonele ekushayweni kwezindiza ngemva kwezinsuku ezine kuphela lapho ebhala ingoma ezobe ishaya kakhulu kakhulu - Ukuhlala eDock of a Bay . Ngaphandle kwamakhosi abo kanye nenkanyezi yabo enkulu, umbono wezezimali we-Stax wawunzima, yilapho uGulf naseWestern bakwazi ukubamba isabelo se-Axton yelebula bese bethola uStewart ukuba athathe indima yokugcina isikhundla (kanye nokuyeka ezinye izabelo zakhe).
Kwakukhona iphuzu elilodwa lapho kubonakala sengathi ilebula ingasindiswa ngengozi yokusabalalisa ne-CBS, ngenxa kaClive Davis , kodwa i-CBS yaqeda uDavis ngemuva nje kokusayina isivumelwano se-Stax, futhi abazange balandele ngemuva kokuthi uDavis esekho.
Kuyamangalisa ukuthi iGulf neWestern ivumela ilebula ukuthi lihambe ngesikhathi esifanayo ngesikhathi u-Isaac Hayes efika, kodwa yilokho okwenzekile. UStewart noBell bazama ukukhipha i-label yabo ngenhlanhla, ngaphandle kosizo lwaseGulf naseNtshonalanga bese begembula amakhaya abo kanye nekusasa lethu lezezimali. Babulahlekile, futhi njengoba kwashiwo ngaphambilini, uStewart walahlekelwa yilapho leli ilebula lihamba ngaphansi.