Amalenta eMarrover Insizwa

Ukushisa okuphakeme nezimo ezinzima kudinga izinsimbi ezinzima

Isithombe se-NASA / NPL Caltech

Umsebenzi we-Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), owaqeda ukufika kweCuriosity Rover e-Red Planet ngo-Agasti 6, 2012, waba ngumphumela weminyaka yocwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe nokuhlakanipha komuntu emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha isayensi. I-rover yathatha cishe unyaka ukuhamba ukusuka eMhlabeni kuya ku-Mars futhi ekuqaleni yayihloswe ukusebenza iminyaka emibili nje kuphela (umsebenzi wayo usuwedlule isikhathi eside).

Iyini i-rover yokuzibuza?

Ngokusho kwe-NASA, "Ilukuluku liyi-car-size, i-robot eyisithupha egibele iGale Crater e-Mars.

Injongo yalo: ukubona ukuthi ngabe iMars ngabe isekelwe yini amafomu okuphila amancane okuthiwa ama-microbes ... futhi uma abantu beyosinda lapho ngelinye ilanga! Ngaphandle kwezinzwa ezingaphezu kwamuntu ezisiza ukuba siqonde iMars njengendawo yokuphila, izingxenye ze-Curiosity zifana nalokho umuntu azodinga ukuhlola Mars (umzimba, ubuchopho, amehlo, ingalo, imilenze, njll). Ngomqondo othile, izingxenye ze-Mars Science Laboratory rover zifana nalokho okukhona isidalwa esiphilayo esizozidinga ukuba siqhubeke siphila futhi sikwazi ukuhlola. "Lezo zincenye zihlanganisa i-robotic exoskeleton, amakhompiyutha, ukulawula ukushisa, izinzwa namakhamera, izingalo zombhobho, uhlelo lwamandla, nesistimu yokuxhumana.

Amamitha eMarrover Injabulo

Ukuze uxoxisane nezimo ezimbi kakhulu zokuhamba kwesikhala, ukungena kwezulu, ukufika komhlaba nokuhlola, okubandakanya izinga lokushisa elivela ku-3,790 ° F (2,090 ° C) kuya ku -131.8 ° F (-91 ° C), ilukuluku nezimoto zakhe zokuthutha wakhiwe usebenzisa izinto zokufakelwa zensimbi nezinhlanganisela.

Nansi nje isifinyezo sezinye izinsimbi ezisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kweCuriosity kanye nemoto yokuthutha:

Metal

Sebenzisa

Isibhamu se-Titanium Imilenze ye-Curiosity
Titanium iziphethu Engeza ukukhishwa ngaphakathi kwamasondo e-Curiosity
Umthamo we-Titanium Ingxenye yenqubo yokuthutha i-parachute esetshenziselwa ukulandelana kokuhamba kwe-rover
Aluminium Amasondo omdlandla
I-Aluminium mortar Ingxenye yendlela yokuthutha i-parachute. Yenza i-forged e-billet e-aluminium
I-aluminium honeycomb Yakha isisekelo se-Atlas V, isikebhe sokusungula i-Curiosity
I-bronze Izinsimbi ze-DU® zensimbi-polymer ziyingxenye ebalulekile emgodini we-rover.
I-Copper Ilukuluku luqoqa amasampula emangqamuzaneni, afakwe uphawu kuhhavini ye-pyrolysis ngokucindezela ikolishi yethusi yensimbi ibe uphawu lwophahla lokumisa ngamandla angu-250 amakhilogremu. Isampula sishiswa ku-1100 ° C ukuze kuhlaziywe.
Phatha I-curiosity inikwe amandla, ingxenye, yi-Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator ezosebenzisa i-PbTe / TAGS thermocouples ekhiqizwa yi-Teledyne Energy Systems.
I-Tellurium
I-Germanium
Antimony
Isiliva
Insimbi engagqwali Ama-generator kagesi angenasici anikeze igesi ephakeme kakhulu egxilile esetshenziselwa ukukhuthaza i-parachute ye-Curiosity evela ku-spacecraft.
Rhenium I-AM AMOSOS RD-180 injini yokuvuselela ivuselela uhlelo lokuqhuma i-Atlas V. Rhenium lushintshwe ku-turbine ye-jet.
I-Tantalum Amaphesenti angu-630 ama-tantalum multianode anesibopho sokusebenzisa umthamo we-ChemCam laser ku-Curiosity
I-Tungsten Igobolondo elingemuva lezimoto zokungena kwe-Curiosity likhishwe amaqoqo amabili wezintambo ze-tungsten ezitholakalayo ukuze kuguqulwe isikhungo sabantu abaningi lapho sisondela ku-Mars. I-ballasts ngayinye yayingamakhilogremu angu-75 noma amapremu angu-25 (25 kilogram).
Gallium Amaseli e-photovoltaic agqoke izinsimbi ezincane nezincane ze-semiconductor zinikeza ilukuluku ngamandla emini.
Indium
I-Germanium
I-silicon Ama-silicon chips ahlotshiswe ngamagama angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1.24 angaphakathi kweCuriosity.
I-Copper I-penny eyenziwe ngo-1909 (ngenkathi isengcupheni yamanje) isebhodini ukuze isize ososayensi baqede amakhamera njengamanje athumela izithombe emuva eMhlabeni.
Tin
I-Zinc