I-callsign "I-Air Force One" sekuyisikhathi eside imele indiza ye-Air Force lapho umongameli we-United States eqhuma khona.
Nokho, leli gama liye labonakala kwezinye izindlela, ezingavamile nokudala phakathi kwesiko lethu saseMelika. I-Nike, isibonelo, yenzelwe isicathulo esibizwa ngokuthi "Air Force 1" esenzeke njengesithuthuthu esithengisa kakhulu kunazo zonke. Kwabe sekukhona i-movie blockbuster ye-1997 yegama elifanayo elibhekene neHarrison Ford (umshayeli ngokwakhe) , njengoMongameli we-United States ophunyuka ezindiza lakhe likamongameli endaweni ephakeme yokuphunyuka. Le filimu ikhethwe ama-Oscars amabili. Futhi noma ngabe leli gama kufanele lisetshenziswe njengesibonakaliso sokushayela noma yikuphi ukushayela uMongameli we-United States uhamba ngezinyawo (uma ehamba ezindizeni eCessna 172, isibonelo, uzosebenzisa i- "Air Force One" uphawu lwekholi ku ukuxhumana ne-ATC), sekuyigama elisetshenziselwa ukubonisa indiza ethize ye-Boeing 747-200B eyakhelwe ukusetshenziswa komongameli.
Namuhla uMoya Wezindiza One kungenzeka ukuthi awunayo i-pod pod, kodwa cishe cishe konke okunye.
Futhi njengoba amagama ehamba, "I-Air Force One" isuke isuka ekubeni yimizuzu engamele kuphela uphawu lwekholi lwanoma yiliphi indiza ye-Air Force lapho umongameli ehamba khona ukuchaza imodeli yakamuva kakhulu yendiza yomongameli - i-Boeing 747-200 ngokwayo. Ibonisa uphawu lwezidongameli kanye namazwi athi "United States of America" njengengxenye enkulu yesikimu sayo sokupenda, enikeza udumo kanye nokwaziswa okuwakhe futhi okwenza kubonakale yonke indawo iya khona.
I-Air Force One, njengoba iningi lethu liyazi, yiBoeing 747 ehlonishwa kakhulu futhi eyaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Izindiza Zomengameli Zangaphambili
Indiza kaMengameli yayingeyona iBoeing 747 njalo. Eqinisweni, indiza yokuqala eyenziwe nomengameli ebhodini yilapho uFranklin D. Roosevelt ebaleka eCoppper, iBoinging Model 314 Flying Boat, eyamyisa emhlanganweni waseCasablanca ngo-1943. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, uGeneral Hap Arnold wagcizelela ukuthi umongameli ahambe ngendiza yezindiza esikhundleni sezindiza zeNavy, futhi kungekudala izindiza zikaMongameli zenzelwe ngqo ukuhamba komongameli. I-version yokuqala kwakufanele ibe yi-C-87, inguqulo yezempi yebhomu le-B-24, kodwa indiza yayingeyona imigomo yomengameli, okwesevisi yakhe eyimfihlo yamphika. Lokhu kuhola isakhiwo sezindiza entsha - i-Skymaster ye-VC-54. I-Skymaster yayiyi-version yezempi eguquliwe yezindiza ze-DC-4 ezisemphakathini esezivele zikhiqizwa, kodwa yaba yindiza yomongameli wokuqala eyakhiwe ngenhloso, kanti eyona yokuqala yakhiwa ngqo kuFranklin D. Roosevelt ngo-1945, igcwaliswe ngamelo lokuhlangana iwindi le-bulletproof.
I-Air Force Today eyodwa
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, izindiza eziningi ezehlukene ziye zasetshenziswa ngabaongameli.
I-DC-6, izinguqulo ezihlukahlukene ze-Boeing 707, kanye neBoing 747-200 okwamanje esetshenzisiwe sonke isetshenziswe njengamaphoyisa omongameli. I-747-8 entsha ka-Boeing okwamanje ihlelwe ukuba ibe yindiza elandelayo eyanikezwa kuMongameli we-United States, mhlawumbe ezogeleza umongameli kusukela ngo-2024.
UMongameli-okhethwe nguDonald Trump wenza izihloko ngemuva nje kokhetho luka-2016 ngokubiza uBoing ngezindleko eziphakeme ze-747-8 entsha futhi wacela ukuthi lo mkhiqizo ukhanseliwe. Ngokushesha ngemuva kwalokho, uBoing wazisa ukuthi bazibophezele ukugcina izindleko phansi futhi bekungeke kudlulele isabelomali esingu-$ 4 million njengoba iTump yabikezela.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, iTump futhi mhlawumbe ngisho nomlandeli wakhe kufanele alungiselele i-747-200 (noma i-Trump ka-757), ngaphandle kokuguga kwezindiza nezinkinga zokunakekela ezihambisanayo, akunakulungiswa.
I-89th Airlift Wing
Umongameli we-747-200s owenzelwe inkambiso emibili eqhutshwa yi-89th Airlift Wing e-Joint Base Andrews e-Maryland, lapho iqembu elungele ukulwa labantu abangaphezu kuka-1 000 lilungele futhi lilungele ukuphatha umthwalo wokuthutha kukaMongameli kanye nezinye i-VIP imisebenzi yokuthutha. Ngesikhathi umongameli ehamba, ujwayele ukuhambisana nezindiza ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise no-C-17 noma i-C-130s, egijima ngaphambi komengameli ukuze athathe imininingwane yokuphepha, izinto, imishini kanye nabo bonke abantu abadingekayo ukuze basize.
I-747-200
Imikhumbi yamanje ye-Air Force One ihlanganisa izindiza ezimbili ze-Boeing 747-200 ezaqala ukuphuma emgqeni ngo-1990 ngokuhlelwe ngokuphelele kuMengameli we-United States, owayengumGeorge HW Bush ngaleso sikhathi. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-747 ngokwayo kwakuyi-feat enkulu kakhulu ngawo-1960, indiza yokuqala ye-747 yakhiwa ezinyangeni ezingu-16 nje kuphela futhi yayiyizindiza ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni wonke ngaleso sikhathi. Yakhiwa njengengxenye esikhundleni sayo esandulele, i-Boeing 707, eyayikupheleni kokuphila kwayo. Njengoba izindiza ezingaphezu kuka-1 500 ezithengisiwe, i-747 yiyona indiza ehamba phambili kakhulu kunazo zonke kuze kube yimanje.
Ingaphakathi
I-747-200B inikeza indawo engaphezu kwezingu-4,000 ubude bendawo futhi ihlanganisa igumbi lesigungu, igumbi lokudlela, indawo yokuhlala yomengameli, indawo yokuhlala yeqembu leKhabhinethi, kanye nendawo yabagibeli nabagibeli abayi-100.
Ngaphakathi kwe-Air Force One futhi kukhona i-suite yezokwelapha engashintshwa ibe yi-suite yokuhlinza. Futhi, njengoba ungase ufanise, udokotela usebhodini futhi ulungele ukukhonza ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ngaphandle
Indiza ye-747-200B inikezwa yizinjini ezine zeGeneral Electric CF6-80C2B1 ezine - umndeni wezinjini ezikhethiwe ukunika amandla i-DC-10, i-Airbus 310, i-Boeing 767, ne-Galaxy C5 Galaxy, futhi ilinganiselwe i- ETOPS 180 . Izinjini ze-CF6 ku-747-200B zilinganisiwe ukuhlinzeka ngamunye ngamapounds angu-56 700.
I-747 yomongameli iphinde ifakwe emaphoyiseni asezindaweni zangaphambili nangemuva, kanye nomthwalo wokulayisha umthwalo. Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zingu-747 kanye nabanye ukuthi yi-Air Force One inekhono lokuxoshwa endizeni, inikeze ububanzi obungenamkhawulo nokukhuthazela, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi umongameli wethu angakwazi ukuhlala emoyeni uma nje kunesidingo.
I-Flight Deck
Ukwahlukana okubaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwe-Air Force Enye yezinhlobo ezingu-747 ezenziwe ngokwezifiso futhi "ezijwayelekile" ezingu-747 ezivela emgqeni yizinhlelo ze-avionics ne-onboard electronics, ezinikeza izinga eliphezulu lokuphepha kumongameli.
Amasistimu e-electronics onboard ayenzima ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka okuvela ekugubheni kwe-electromagnetic kusuka ekuqhunyisweni kwe nyukliya. Futhi indiza ifakwe imishini ephakeme kunazo zonke, esezingeni eliphezulu, ihlinzeka isikhungo somyalo weselula somengameli ngesikhathi sokudinga.
Ngokomthombo owodwa, kunezingcingo ezingu-85 namathelevishini angu-19 e-Air Force One, kanye nemishini ehlukahlukene yefeksi, amakhompiyutha, ama-radios amabili futhi mhlawumbe ama-satellite.
Iningi lalokho okuyi-Air Force One lihlukaniswa, kodwa ungakwazi ukubheja ukuthi indiza ifakwe izikhali zezikhali, i-radar-jamming, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezizukulwane ezizayo , kanye nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokuvimbela ukubhekana nezikhathi ezinzima, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umongameli ulungele noma yikuphi okuphuthumayo okungacatshangwa.
Imininingwane:
| Ubude | I-231 ft, ngo-10 |
| Ukuphakama | I-63 ft, engu-5 ku |
| I-Wingspan | I-195 ft, i-8 in |
| I-Max Speed | 630mph (0.92 MACH) |
| Ukufakwa | I-45,100 ft |
| THOLA | 833,000 lbs |
| Range | 7,800 nm |
| Abadlali | 30 |
| Abagibeli | 71 |
| Amandla kagesi | 53, 611 gal |
(umthombo: www.af.mil)
The Next Air Force One
Ngemuva kokukhomba izindleko zokondla ezandayo nokwandisa isikhathi sokuphumula kwezindiza, i-Air Force ifuna i-Air Force One entsha, futhi iphinde ikhethe iBoing njengenkampani ezohlinzeka umlandeli kulezindiza zamanje ezingu-747-200B. Lezi zindiza zamanje ezingu-747 zisondela ezikulindweni zokuphila kwazo, futhi ngokusho komuntu oyilungu lezindiza, kuthola kunzima ukuqhubeka nokugcinwa kwe-747-200B yokuguga. Indiza entsha isivele iyalwe: I-747-8.
I-version entsha kunazo zonke yezindiza eziphawulekayo izonikeza umongameli ngendiza enamandla futhi ephumelelayo futhi izofaka uphawu lwekhulu le-Boeing lekhulu leminyaka lihlinzekela izindiza kuMqondisi-inhloko we-United States of America.
I-747-8 izothatha amathani angu-16 ngaphansi kwe-carbon dioxide ukukhishwa uhambo ngalunye kunezindiza ezingu-747-200 futhi izohamba izinkulungwane eziyi-1 ngaphezulu. Kuzohamba ngokushesha kunomfanekiso -200, kepha ku-0.855 Mach (kuqhathaniswa ne-0.84 Mach), inguqulo entsha izoba indiza yezokuhweba esheshayo emhlabeni wonke.
I--8 izoba nezinyawo ezingamamitha angaba ngu-30 ubude kunokudlula kwayo, futhi iyoba ngamamitha angu-18 ubude ngokujwayelekile, okwenza kube nesisindo esithwala kakhulu, ngamaphilenti angu-987,000 esikhundleni samapounds angu-833,000.
I-Air Force ne-Boeing zombili zilindele ukuthi i-747-8 entsha ilungele ngonyaka ka-2024. Kubikwa ukuthi kakade isabelomali, okushiwo ukuthi isungulwe ekuqaleni kwe $ 1.16 billion emva kokuguqulwa konke. Izindleko ze-747-8 ezisebenza ngokuthengisa cishe ziyi $ 370 million. NgoDisemba, uMengameli-okhethwe nguDonald Trump wabeka ingcindezi kuBoing, esongela ukukhansela umyalelo wezindiza ezimbili, mhlawumbe ezintathu, 747-8, echaza izindleko ezikhulayo ezihambisana nephrojekthi. Wabhala lokhu okulandelayo:
"I-Boeing ikhiqiza i-Air Force eyodwa entsha engu-747 ye-Air Force One, kodwa izindleko azikho ngaphansi kokulawula, ezingaphezu kuka-$ 4 billion. Khansela i-oda! "- UDonald Trump
Izindleko eziqondile zohlelo azikaze zenziwe, kepha abameli bakaBoing bathi ukukhansela i-oda kuyoba iphutha elikhulu. Kuthiwa u-Trump wahlangana noBoing ngoDisemba ukuxoxa ngokunciphisa izindleko ezihambisana nohlelo.