Kungani ama-cops asebenzisa i-malingi amaningi? Kunesizathu esihle.
Umlando wamagama amaphoyisa namagama amapholisa
Kuyamukelwa kabanzi ukuthi amakhodi ayishumi avela ngawo-1920 noma ngo-1930, njengoba amaphoyisa eqala ukusebenzisa ama-radios ngokuningi nokuxhumana.
Isidingo samakhodi wokugcina umgwaqo omfushane sihlonishwa kusenesikhathi, futhi izinombolo ezithile zekhodi yezigameko ezithile zenziwa. Ngama-akhawunti amaningi, uCharles Hopper, umqondisi wezokuxhumana ne-Illinois State Police, kuthiwa uqala isethi yokuqala yamakhodi.
Ekuqaleni kokudluliselwa komsakazo, i-syllable yokuqala noma ingxoxo yayivame ukuvalwa. Amasistimu omsakazo omdala kwakudingeka afudumale lapho imakrofoni ikhona. Amaphoyisa akhuthazwa ukuba amise okwesibili phakathi kokufaka i-mic kanye nokukhuluma. Ukuthi "eziyishumi" ngaphambi kokuthi ikhodi yenombolo ibasize ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umlayezo uthunyelwe.
Ngenxa yezimpikiswano zokuxhumana ezavela phakathi nokuhlasela kwamaphekula kuka-9/11 nezinye izigameko ezenzeka ngemva kwalokho, kuye kwaba nesisusa sokuthi sisebenzise isiNgisi esicacile ekukhulumeni kwezepolitiki zamaphoyisa. Umqondo wukuthi njengoba kungekho uhlu lwamakhodi aluvunyelwe emhlabeni jikelele, ukusebenzisa ulimi olucacile kuzokwenza ngcono ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-ejenti ahlukahlukene kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi.
Inhloso yamakhodi wamaphoyisa
Ekuqaleni, kungase kubonakale kunzima ukuzimisela - ngisho nokungazi lutho - kepha impi yamaphoyisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamakhodi wamaphoyisa kusebenza ngenhloso. Abezizwe bangase bacabange ukuthi isizathu sokukhuluma ngamakhodi kungukuthi umphakathi awukwazi kalula ukuthi yini amaphoyisa ashoyo. Ukusesha okusheshayo kwe-intanethi yamakhodi wamaphoyisa noma i-jargon yamaphoyisa, noma kunjalo, ikhombisa ukuthi ama-ejenti amaningi enza amakhodi abo asakaze umphakathi.
Inhloso eyinhloko yemigomo yamaphoyisa kanye namakhodi ukugcina ukuxhumana kufushane futhi kufinyeleleke. Ngenye, imithetho ye-Federal Communications Commission idinga ukuthunyelwa kube mfushane ukuze kugcinwe umkhawulokudonsa futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ama-airwaves ayatholakala ukuze asetshenziswe.
Okubaluleke nakakhulu, amakhodi wamaphoyisa nawo akhonza umsebenzi wokuphepha wephoyisa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi basendaweni yokumisa emgwaqeni, abasebenzisana nobudlova bashayela ucingo noma baqhuba imoto yabo yokuhamba ngokuphambene - imodi ephuthumayo noma okunye - ukugxila okuyinhloko kwesiphathimandla kuyadingeka ukuthi kusebenze umsebenzi kanye nendaba noma izihloko ababhekana nazo. Ngokusemandleni akho, izikhulu kumele zigcine ukuxhumana kwabo nabathumeli bamaphoyisa ngokufinyeleleka ukuze bakwazi ukuqhubeka nesigameko esibhekene nabo.
Amakhodi Amaphoyisa Ajwayelekile kanye neJargon
Ayikho indinganiso yemvelo yamakhodi noma i-jargon phakathi kweminyango, kodwa ezinye zivamile kunezinye. Ngokuvamile, izinhlaka zokuphoqelela umthetho zisebenzisa amakhodi angu-10 namakhodi wesignali. Umehluko phakathi kokubili yilokho amakhodi angu-10 abhekisela esimweni sesiphathimandla noma ucingo, kanti amakhodi wesignali abhekisela kohlobo lwekholi ngokwayo. Amanye amakhodi angu-10 avamile ahlanganisa:
- 10-8: Lokhu kusho ukuthi isikhulu noma iyunithi isebenza futhi iyatholakala kumafoni. Iphoyisa lizohlola umsakazo noma liluleke ukuthi lilungele olunye ucingo ngokuthi "uthathe u-10-8." Ngokukhulumisana, amaphoyisa angasebenzisa ukuchaza umsolwa owabalekela kubo, ethi umsolwa "uthole 10-8."
- 10-20: Lokhu kusho indawo yesikhulu noma ucingo. Iminyango ethile idinga ukuthi izikhulu zayo zihlinzeke ngo-10-20 noma nini lapho ziqala ukuxhumana koxhumana nabo. Izingcingo zesevisi zihlanganisa njalo u-10-20 ngakho-ke iphoyisa liyazi ukuthi lizophi.
- 10-4: Lokhu kusho "ukuqinisa." Kungasetshenziselwa ukuphendula "yebo" kumbuzo noma ukweluleka ukuthi konke kulungile.
- 10-13: Lokhu kubhekisela esimweni semibandela. Umthumeli angase acele isikhulu sakhe "10-13" ukuze anqume ukuthi konke kulungile noma uma edinga usizo. I-10-13 ingabhekisela ezimweni zesimo sezulu, izinkinga zezixuku noma isimo sesisulu noma umsolwa.
Amakhodi amavamile avamile afaka isignali 4 (ukushayeka kwezimoto); isignali 13 (umuntu osolisayo); uphawu 0 (isikhali esithintekayo / umuntu ohlomile) nesignali 10 (imoto eyebiwe).
E-California, iminyango eminingi isebenzisa amakhodi wokujezisa ukuchaza izingcingo.
Lezi zimpawu "ezingamakhulu" zibhekisela esigabeni somthetho ucingo oluhambisana nalo, njengokuthi "owodwa-nesishiyagalombili nesikhombisa" ngokubulala noma "abane-five-nine" ngokugqekeza.
Amakhodi Amaphoyisa Wokufunda
Abaqashi abasha bavame ukucindezelwa uhlu olude lwamakhodi abathola esikoleni noma ekuqeqesheni kwensimu . Ukufunda i-jargon kungasabisa.
Indlela engcono kakhulu, ukuqala ngokuqaphela ukuthi impi yamaphoyisa namakhodi akhona ulimi oluhlukile, futhi njengaloluphi ulimi olusha, indlela esheshayo futhi elula yokufunda ukuzicabangela kuwo. Kuyinto eyodwa ukubuka uhlu lwamakhodi, kodwa ukuthi ngcono kakhulu futhi ephumelela kakhulu ukulalela abanye abantu basebenzise ukuze ukwazi ukuzizwa ngendlela ye-nuance yokuthi amakhodi asetshenziswa kanjani ngempela.
Uma ungumphathi omusha noma uthola umsebenzi wamanje, fikela umsakazo wamaphoyisa futhi ulalele nje. Yigcine ngasemuva kaningi ngesikhathi sakho samahhala ukuze uzizwe ukuthi izikhulu nabaphathi bezokuxhumana baxoxisana kanjani. Uma ucabanga ngokusebenza njengesikhulu samaphoyisa noma ngisho ne-dispatcher, cabanga ukulalela ama-scanner ase-intanethi.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uzothola ukhululekile ku-jargon, futhi uzokwazi ukubamba noma iyiphi ingxoxo kunoma iyiphi iphoyisa. Uzoba yisinyathelo esisodwa esiseduze ekusebenzeni umsebenzi we- criminology ophelele.