Qinisekisa ukuthi uyazi ukuthi amalungelo akho anjani njengesisebenzi esikhulelwe, futhi ubuyekeze imithetho ye-federal kanye neyezwe, kanye nenqubomgomo yenkampani yakho mayelana nokukhulelwa kanye nomndeni wokuhamba.
Izikhombandlela Zokuhlukunyezwa Ukukhulelwa Ku-EEOC
Ikomidi le-Equal Employment Commission (i-EEOC) lisanda kuvuselela futhi lishintsha iziqondiso zokuphoqelela ukubandlulula ukukhulelwa.
Umthetho Wokucwasa Ukukhulelwa (PDA) ka-1978 uhlinzeka ukuthi abesifazane abathintekayo ngokukhulelwa, ukubeletha, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene kufanele baphathwe ngendlela efanayo nabanye abantu abaneziphene zesikhashana.
Ngakho-ke, owesifazane okhulelwe akakwazi ukuphathwa ngokuhlukile kunoma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi nanoma yikuphi ukukhubazeka.
Umthetho Wokukhulelwa Ukukhulelwa (PDA)
Ngokusho kwe-EEOC Fact Sheet for Amabhizinisi Amancane:
1. Umqashi angase angacacisi umsebenzi ngenxa yokukhulelwa, ukubeletha, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene; futhi
2. Abesifazane abathintekayo ngokukhulelwa, ukubeletha, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene kumele baphathwe ngendlela efanayo nabanye abantu abangathinteki kakhulu kepha befana nokukwazi noma ukukwazi ukusebenza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, Isihloko VII, njengoba sichitshiyelwe yi-PDA, sivimbela ukubandlulula ngokusekelwe kulokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukukhulelwa kwamanje
- Ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili
- Ukukhulelwa okungenzeka noma okuhlosiwe
- Izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene nokukhulelwa noma ukubeletha
I-PDA ihlanganisa zonke izici zokuqashwa, kubandakanya ukudubula, ukuqashelwa, ukukhushulwa, kanye nezinzuzo eziningana (njengekhefu nezinzuzo zomshuwalense wezempilo). Izisebenzi ezikhulelwe zivikelwe ekubandlululweni ngokususelwa ekukhulelwe okwamanje, ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili, nokukhulelwa okungenzeka njengoba kuchazwe ngezansi:
- Ukukhulelwa kwamanje . Ngaphansi kwe-PDA, umqashi akakwazi ukushaya umlilo, wenqaba ukuqasha, ukuchitha phansi noma ukuthatha noma yisiphi esinye isenzo esibi ngokumelene nowesifazane uma ukukhulelwa, ukubeletha, noma isimo sezokwelapha ezihambisanayo kwakuyisici esishukumisayo esenzweni esibi sokuqashwa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso noma ngabe umqashi ukholelwa ukuthi ubamba inzuzo engcono yomsebenzi.
- Ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili . Umqashi angase angabandlululi isisebenzi noma umfakisicelo esekelwe ukukhulelwa okudlule noma isimo sezokwelapha esihlobene nokukhulelwa noma ukubeletha. Isibonelo, umqashi angeke ambulale owesifazane ngenxa yokukhulelwa ngesikhathi noma ekupheleni kwekhefu lokubeletha.
- Ukukhulelwa okungenzeka . Umqashi angase angabandlululi ngokusekelwe ngenhloso yomsebenzi noma okusemandleni okukhulelwa. Isibonelo, umqashi angeke akhiphe owesifazane emsebenzini ohilela ukucubungula amakhemikhali athile ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ukuthi ukuvezwa kuyoba yingozi kumntwana uma isisebenzi sikhulelwe. Ukukhathazeka mayelana nezingozi kumsebenzi okhulelwe noma emntwaneni wakhe ngeke kutholakale, uma kunjalo, ukuvimbela imithwalo yemisebenzi ethize ngokocansi owesifazane wokubeletha.
- Isimo Sezokwelapha Esihlobene Nokukhulelwa Noma Ukubeletha Kwabantwana . Umqashi angase angabandlululi isisebenzi ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha esihlobene nokukhulelwa futhi kufanele aphathe isisebenzi esifana nalabo abafana namakhono abo noma abakwazi ukusebenza kepha abangathinteki ngokukhulelwa, ukubeletha noma izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene.
Ukukhulelwa kanye ne-FAQ yomsebenzi
Q Ingabe kufanele ngitshele lowo obuza imibuzo ukuthi ngikhulelwe ?
A. Cha, akudingeki ukuba ubatshele. Iqiniso lokuthi ukhulelwe akufanelekile ukuthi ngabe ungumuntu ofanele lomsebenzi noma cha.
Ungase ufune ukuxoxisana njengenjwayelo futhi uthole umbuzo othakazelisayo ngeziqu zakho ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngokukhulelwa kwakho.
Bese ucabangela ukuxoxa ngokukhulelwa kwakho ngesikhathi sokuxoxisana kwenqubo yokuxoxisana . Kungani ukhiphe uma ungadingeki? Ngoba umqashi uzokwazi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze futhi awufuni ukuthi bazizwe sengathi badukisiwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiyiphi indlela, isinqumo somuntu siqu futhi udinga ukunquma, ngokusekelwe ezimweni, nini kungaba isikhathi esihle sokudalula isimo sakho.
Q. Kufanele ngitshele nini umqashi wami ukuthi ngikhulelwe?
A. Isikhathi esihle sokutshela umqashi wakho uma udinga, futhi uma isikhathi siphila kuwe. Kungenzeka uma uqala ukukhombisa, noma uma udinga isikhathi kudokotela. Ungakhetha ukulinda kuze umqashi wakho adinge ukwakha indawo yokukhulelwa, noma udinga ukuthatha ikhefu lokukhubazeka.
Ngomuntu siqu, ngithanda ukuvuleka nomqashi wakho. Ngatshela umphathi wami ngokushesha nje lapho ukukhulelwa kwami kuqinisekiswa futhi ngangisebenza kuphela enkampanini izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngami, kwakulula ukuhlela ukuvakashelwa udokotela kanye nekhefu lokubeletha ngaphandle kokucindezela ngoba ngangingafuni ukukhuluma ngokukhulelwa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngiyazi abantu abaye balinda izinyanga futhi lokho kwenza kahle.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwedeski, ngamele umuntu ongasitshelanga ukuthi ukhulelwe. Wahamba isikhathi esiningi emsebenzini, wayegula kakhulu ukugula kwasekuseni futhi ngenxa yokuthi sasingazi ukuthi kwenzekani, sasesaba ukuthi uyagula ukufa. Singajabula kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ukhulelwe!
Q. Yiziphi izinzuzo zokubeletha engizifanele?
A. Umthetho weSikhwama Somndeni Nezokwelapha usinikeza amasonto ayishumi nambili ukuhamba phakathi nonyaka wekhalenda noma ngonyaka wezimali wenkampani yakho. Noma kunjalo, umqashi wakho akagunyazwa ukukhokha umholo wakho. Banikezwe igunya lokukunika umsebenzi ofanayo noma umsebenzi okhokhelwayo kanye nezinzuzo ezilinganayo uma ubuyela emsebenzini.
Ungaba nelungelo lokukhokha ukukhubazeka , kodwa, cishe kuyoba ngaphansi kokukhokha kwakho okuvamile. Hlola nomqashi wakho ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo ezengeziwe, uma kunjalo, ungaba nelungelo. Hlola futhi umshuwalense wezempilo wena nomntanakho.
Q. Ngizobuya nini emsebenzini?
A. lokho kuncike. Hlola nomqashi wakho ukuthola ukuthi imuphi umama ushiye izinzuzo ezinikezayo. Unelungelo lokungenani amasonto ayishumi nambili anikezwe uMthetho WezeMpilo Nezokwelapha.
Umqashi wakho angase abe nezinzuzo eziningi, futhi angase avulekele ukwakha indawo yokuhlala. Buza mayelana nokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ubuyele esikhathini esithile ngesikhathi sokuqala, noma ngisho nokwabelana ngemisebenzi uma ungenakukwazi ukuzinikela ekusebenzeni isikhathi esigcwele.
Q. Ngingakuqoqa ukungasebenzi uma ngikhulelwe?
A. Yebo, ungakwazi ukuqoqa ukungasebenzi uma ukhulelwe. Ukukhulelwa kwakho akufanele kuthinte ukufaneleka kwakho ukuthola isinxephezelo sokungasebenzi . Eqinisweni, ukwephulwa komthetho wesifundazwe nesifundazwe ukuphika ukufaneleka kommangali ongasebenzi ngenxa yokukhulelwa. Nansi ulwazi mayelana nokufaneleka kokungasebenzi uma ukhulelwe.
Q. Ngicatshangelwe. Ngenzeni?
A. Ungakwazi ukufaka isimangalo neKhomishini ye - US Equal Employment Commission (EEOC). Thintana nehhovisi eliseduze le-EEOC ukubuza mayelana nokufaka amacala ngamuntu, ngeposi noma ngocingo. Uma kungekho ihhovisi le-EEOC endaweni esheshayo, shayela u-800-669-4000 mahhala.
Ukuvuselela uJulayi 16, 2014: Ngomhla ka-14 Julayi 2014 iKhomishana ye-Equal Employment Commission (EEOC) ivuselelwe futhi iguqule iziqondiso zokusebenzisa ukubandlululwa kokubandlululwa.
Izikhombandlela Zokuhlukunyezwa Ukukhulelwa Ku-EEOC
Umthetho Wokucwasa Ukukhulelwa (PDA) ka-1978 uhlinzeka ukuthi abesifazane abathintekayo ngokukhulelwa, ukubeletha, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene kufanele baphathwe ngendlela efanayo nabanye abantu abaneziphene zesikhashana.
Ngakho-ke, owesifazane okhulelwe akakwazi ukuphathwa ngokuhlukile kunoma yimuphi omunye umqashi nganoma yikuphi ukukhubazeka.
Umthetho Wokukhulelwa Ukukhulelwa (PDA)
1. Umqashi angase angacacisi umsebenzi ngenxa yokukhulelwa, ukubeletha, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene; futhi
2. Abesifazane abathintekayo ngokukhulelwa, ukubeletha, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene kumele baphathwe ngendlela efanayo nabanye abantu abangathinteki kakhulu kepha befana nokukwazi noma ukukwazi ukusebenza.
Umthetho Wokuguqulwa Komuntu Wokukhulelwa (PDA)
Isihloko VII, njengoba sichitshiyelwe yi-PDA, sivimbela ukucwaswa ngokusekelwe kulokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukukhulelwa kwamanje
- Ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili
- Ukukhulelwa okungenzeka noma okuhlosiwe
- Izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene nokukhulelwa noma ukubeletha
Ukukhulelwa Okudingekayo Ukucwaswa (kusukela e-EEOC Fact Sheet for Amabhizinisi Amancane)
I-PDA idinga ukuthi umqashi ohlanganisiwe aphathe abesifazane abathintekayo ukukhulelwa, ukubeletha, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene ngendlela efanayo nabanye abafakizicelo noma abasebenzi abafana namakhono abo noma abakwazi ukusebenza.
I-PDA ihlanganisa zonke izici zokuqashwa, kubandakanya ukudubula, ukuqashelwa, ukukhushulwa, kanye nezinzuzo eziningana (njengekhefu nezinzuzo zomshuwalense wezempilo). Izisebenzi ezikhulelwe zivikelwe ekubandlululweni ngokususelwa ekukhulelwe okwamanje, ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili, nokukhulelwa okungenzeka.
- Ukukhulelwa kwamanje . Ngaphansi kwe-PDA, umqashi akakwazi ukushaya umlilo, wenqaba ukuqasha, ukuchitha phansi noma ukuthatha noma yisiphi esinye isenzo esibi ngokumelene nowesifazane uma ukukhulelwa, ukubeletha, noma isimo sezokwelapha ezihambisanayo kwakuyisici esishukumisayo esenzweni esibi sokuqashwa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso noma ngabe umqashi ukholelwa ukuthi ubamba inzuzo engcono yomsebenzi.
- Ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili . Umqashi angase angabandlululi isisebenzi noma umfakisicelo esekelwe ukukhulelwa okudlule noma isimo sezokwelapha esihlobene nokukhulelwa noma ukubeletha. Isibonelo, umqashi angeke ambulale owesifazane ngenxa yokukhulelwa ngesikhathi noma ekupheleni kwekhefu lokubeletha.
- Ukukhulelwa okungenzeka . Umqashi angase angabandlululi ngokusekelwe ngenhloso yomsebenzi noma okusemandleni okukhulelwa. Isibonelo, umqashi angeke akhiphe owesifazane emsebenzini ohilela ukucubungula amakhemikhali athile ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ukuthi ukuvezwa kuyoba yingozi kumntwana uma isisebenzi sikhulelwe. Ukukhathazeka mayelana nezingozi kumsebenzi okhulelwe noma emntwaneni wakhe ngeke kutholakale, uma kunjalo, ukuvimbela imithwalo yemisebenzi ethize ngokocansi owesifazane wokubeletha.
- Isimo Sezokwelapha Esihlobene Nokukhulelwa Noma Ukubeletha Kwabantwana . Umqashi angase angabandlululi isisebenzi ngenxa yesimo sezokwelapha esihlobene nokukhulelwa futhi kufanele aphathe isisebenzi esifana nalabo abafana namakhono abo noma abakwazi ukusebenza kepha abangathinteki ngokukhulelwa, ukubeletha noma izimo zezokwelapha ezihlobene.
Funda kabanzi: Isiqondiso Sokuqiniswa kwe-EEOC Ngokukhulelwa Ukucwaswa Nezindaba Ezihlobene | Imibuzo Yokukhulelwa kanye Nemisebenzi
ISICELO: Amawebhusayithi awangasese, nolwazi oluxhunywe kokubili nakulolu sayithi, umbono kanye nolwazi. Ngenkathi ngenze yonke imizamo yokuxhumanisa ulwazi olunembile noluthembekile, angikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lilungile. Sicela ucele usizo lwezomthetho, noma usizo oluvela kuhulumeni, uHulumeni, noma izinsiza zikahulumeni zomhlaba wonke ukuze wenze ukuthi incazelo yakho yezomthetho nezinqumo zakho zilungile. Lolu lwazi aluyona iseluleko sezomthetho futhi luyisiqondiso kuphela.