Inqubomgomo yoMbutho Wezokuvikela iyaphela ukuthi ukusebenza nokuvikela amasosha ase-US kufanele kutholakale kalula ukusekela imisebenzi yezempi.
Ibutho lezempi, lapho libhekwa njengamandla omsebenzi wokugcina, manje libhekwa njengelibalulekile ekuvikeleni kwesizwe kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhaswa kwama-reserve okuqhubekayo ekusebenziseni amandla okusebenza kuye kwathatha ukubaluleka okukhulu ezindaweni ezifana nokuthunyelwa kokuthula, imisebenzi yokulwa nezidakamizwa, usizo lwezinhlekelele, nokusekelwa kokuzivocavoca.
Yiziphi Izinqolobane ZaseMpi
Izinhlaka eziyisikhombisa zokugcina impahla yi- Army Reserve , i-Army National Guard, i-Air Force Reserve, i-Air National Guard, i-Naval Reserve, i-Marine Corps Reserve ne-Coast Guard Reserve.
Umbusi wombuso ngamunye angabiza izingxenye zikahulumeni ze-Army kanye ne-Air National Guard ukuze enze umsebenzi wokusiza ekuphenduleni izimo eziphuthumayo nezinhlekelele, ezifana nalabo abangelwa yiziphepho, izikhukula, nokuzamazama komhlaba.
Uma usizo olwengeziwe luyadingeka, umbusi angacela usizo lombuso ngokusebenzisa i-Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Ngesimemezelo sikaMongameli wezinhlekelele, usizo lukahulumeni lwe-FEMA lungabandakanya ukwesekwa okungaphezulu kwezempi kuMnyango Wezokuvikela (DoD). Lokhu kusebenza kokubili kokusebenza okusebenzayo nokugcina amabutho.
Ukubiza ama-Military Reserves
Ngesikhathi sempi noma izimo eziphuthumayo zikazwelonke ezikhulunywe yiCongress, wonke amalungu abo abagcina izinhlaka noma inamba encane ingabizwa ngokuthi yenze umsebenzi osebenzayo ngesikhathi sokulwa noma ukuphuthumayo kazwelonke, kanye nezinyanga eziyisithupha.
Nakuba lesi simiso ngokujwayelekile kubhekwa njengesiphathimandla sokuthi siphendule ingozi enkulu ekuvikelekeni kwezwe, i-DoD yathi ingasetshenziselwa ukuvuselela abaqashi bemvelo ngokuphuthumayo kwasekhaya.
Izinqolobane Zempi Eziphuthumayo Zikazwelonke
Esikhathini esiphuthumayo sikazwelonke esimemezelwe nguMongameli, amalungu angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1 e-Ready Reserve angabizwa emsebenzini osebenzayo ngezinyanga ezingama-24 ezilandelanayo.
Ngokufanayo negunya langaphambilini, i-DoD yathi lesi simiso singanikezela nokufinyelela kwabasebenzi bokubhuka ngokuphuthumayo kwasekhaya.
Lapho uMongameli enquma ukuthi kuyadingeka ukukhulisa amandla asebenzayo kunoma yimuphi umkhankaso wokusebenza, amalungu angama-200,000 e-Selected Reserve angabizwa emsebenzini osebenzayo izinsuku ezingaba ngu-270.
Leli lungiselelo liphinde lithi akukho unit noma ilunga elingalayelwa umsebenzi osebenzayo ngaphansi kwalesi sigunyaziso ukuhlinzeka usizo kuhulumeni kahulumeni noma umbuso ngesikhathi senhlekelele engokwemvelo noma eyimvelo, ingozi noma inhlekelele. Ngakho-ke, leli gunya alikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukufinyelela kuma-reservist eziphuthumayo zasekhaya.
Ukubeka ama-Reservists aseMpi emsebenzini osebenzayo
Unobhala wenkonzo angalawula noma yikuphi ukubuyisela emsebenzini osebenzayo izinsuku ezingaba ngu-15 unyaka ngamunye. Leli gunya ngokujwayelekile libhekwa njengegunya elivumela izinsizakalo ukuba ziphoqelele izidingo zokuqeqeshwa wonyaka we-reservists. Leli gunya lingasetshenziselwa ukuqhutshwa komsebenzi kanye nomsebenzi osebenzayo wonyaka wokuqeqesha
Ngaphandle kokusebenza okungazibandakanyi kwababhalisi ngaphansi kwezimo ezingenhla, i-USC 12301 (d) inikeza ucingo lwabasolwazi abazinikela ngokuzithandela emsebenzini osebenzayo.
Inani labavolontiya abavolontiya bacela umsebenzi osebenzayo futhi ubude besikhathi abangagcinwa ngaso emsebenzini osebenzayo ngokuvamile kuxhomeke ekutholakaleni kwezimali kanye nokugunyazwa kokuqinisa amandla okusebenza okusebenzayo.
U-Coast Guard kanye noMsebenzi Osebenzayo
Kukhona igunya elihlukile elisemthethweni elivumela ukubizelwa okungekho emthethweni kwabase-Coast Guard abahlali ngesikhathi sezimo eziphuthumayo zasekhaya. Isigaba ngasinye se-Coast Guard esilungile singadingeka ukuba sisebenze kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-30 kunoma yisiphi isikhathi sezinyanga ezine nezinsuku ezingama-60 kunoma yimiphi iminyaka emibili.