I-National Guard yanamuhla iyinzalo eqondile yezimpi zamakoloni angama-18 angamaNgisi asekuqaleni. Abahlali bokuqala baseNgilandi baletha amathonya amaningi amasiko kanye nemibono yezempi yaseNgilandi nabo. Ngomlando wayo wonke, iNgilandi yayingekho isikhathi esigcwele, i-Army professional. IsiNgisi sase sincike esitokisini sezakhamizi-amasosha ayenesibopho sokusiza ekuvikeleni kazwelonke.
Amakholoni okuqala eVirginia naseMassachusetts ayazi ukuthi kufanele athembele ekuziphenduleleni kwabo. Nakuba amakholoni ayesaba izitha zendabuko zaseNgilandi, iSpanishi neDashi, isongo sabo esikhulu sasivela ezinkulungwaneni zabamdabu baseMelika ababazungezile.
Ekuqaleni, ubudlelwane namaNdiya kwakunokuthula, kodwa njengoba amakholoni athatha amaNdiya amaningi emhlabeni, impi yayingenakugwema. Ngo-1622, amaNdiya abulala cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwekota yabahlali baseNgilandi eVirginia. Ngo-1637, abahlali baseNgilandi eNew England baqala ukulwa namaNdiya asePequot aseConnecticut.
Lezi zimpi zokuqala zaseNdiya zaqala umdwebo owawuzoqhubeka emngceleni waseMelika eminyakeni engama-250 elandelayo - uhlobo lwempi ababengakutholanga e-Europe.
Ngesikhathi seMpi yamaFrance neyamaNdiya, eyaqala ngo-1754, aboloni babelokhu belwa namaNdiya ngezizukulwane. Ukuze bathuthukise amabutho abo eNyakatho Melika, abaseBrithani baqoqa imibuso ye "Izifundazwe" ezivela emasosheni.
Lezi zinqubo ze-colonial eziswe eMkhandlwini waseBrithani Amakhono adingekayo kakhulu empini yezwe. UMajor Robert Rogers waseNew Hampshire wakha isigaba se "rangers" esenza ukuhlonishwa futhi aqhuba ukuhlasela okude isikhathi eside ngokumelene namaFulentshi nabalingani babo baseNdiya.
Ukwenziwa Kwesizwe Esisha
Eminyakeni eyishumi ngemva kokuphela kweMpi YaseFrance neyamaNdiya, amakholoni ayeyilwa nabaseBrithani futhi amasosha ayezimisele ukudlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni. Iningi lemigomo ye-Army Continental Army, eyalotshwa yi-former colitia uGeorge George Washington, yaqashwa kwamanye amazwe. Njengoba impi iqhubeka, amakhosi aseMelika afunda ukusebenzisa isakhamuzi-amasosha ukusiza ukunqoba iBrithani Army.
Lapho impi ihambela emazweni aseningizimu ngo-1780, abaphathi baseMelika abaphumelele bafunda ukubiza amaphoyisa asekhaya ngamabutho athile, ukuze bathuthukise amabutho abo ase-Continental. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lezi zamasosha zaseMelika zilwa nempi yombango enonya nabomakhelwane babo abaqotho eNkosini. Bobabili amaPatriot kanye namaLoyalists aphakamisa amabutho empi, futhi emaceleni omabili, ukujoyina i-militia kwakuyivivinyo elikhulu lokuthembeka kwezepolotiki.
Abantu baseMelika baqaphela indima ebalulekile eyadlala yizimbangi ekunqobeni iMpi Yezimpinduko.
Ngesikhathi osunguli besizwe bephikisana ngokuthi ngabe uhulumeni wesizwe esisha uzothatha isiphi isimo, kwakunakekelwa kakhulu esikhungweni sezempi.
Abakhiqizi bomthethosisekelo bafinyeleleka emkhatsini wendlela yokuphikisa yama-federalist kanye nabaphikisana nawo. I-Federalists bakholelwa embusweni ophakathi oqinile futhi babefuna i-Army enkulu yokuma nebutho eliqinile elilawulwa uhulumeni wase-Federal. Abaphikisana nabase-federalalists bakholelwa emandleni amazwe kanye ne-Army encane noma engekho ejwayelekile ngezikhali ezilawulwa uhulumeni. UMengameli wanikezwa ukulawula yonke ibutho lempi njenge-Commander-in-Chief, kodwa iCongress yanikezwa amandla kuphela okukhulisa intela ukukhokhela amabutho empi kanye nelungelo lokumemezela impi. Ezimpi, amandla ahlukaniswa phakathi kwezifunda ezihlukene kanye nohulumeni waseFrance.
UMthethosisekelo wanikeza ilungelo lokuqoka izikhulu nokuqondisa ukuqeqeshwa, futhi uhulumeni waseFrance wanikezwa igunya lokubeka izindinganiso.
Ngo-1792, iCongress yadlulisa umthetho owawusebenza iminyaka engu-111. Ngaphandle kokungafani, umthetho we-1792 wawufuna bonke abesilisa abaneminyaka engama-18 kuya ku-45 ukuba babhalise emadolobheni. Izinkampani zokuzithandela zamadoda ezazithengela imifino yabo nemishini nazo zagunyazwa. Uhulumeni waseHulumeni uzobeka izindinganiso zenhlangano futhi anikeze imali elinganiselwe yezikhali nezinhlamvu.
Ngeshwa, umthetho we-1792 awudingi ukuhlolwa nguhulumeni waseSifundazweni noma izinhlawulo zokungahambisani nomthetho. Ngenxa yalokho, kwabaningi bathi "ababhalisile" bahlaselwa isikhathi eside; ama-musters once-a-year ayevame ukuhleleka kahle futhi angasebenzi. Noma kunjalo, ngesikhathi seMpi ka-1812, le nhlangano yahlinzeka ngokuzivikela okuyinhloko kwezingane ezisemakhaya.
Impi NeMexico
Impi ka-1812 yabonisa ukuthi naphezu kokuhlukaniswa kwezombusazwe nezombusazwe eYurophu, i-United States yayisadingeka ukugcina amabutho empi. Ingxenye yezempi yaleyo nhlangano yamabutho yayilokhu igcwala inani elikhulayo lamavolontiya (ngokuphambene nokubhaliswa okudingekayo). Amazwe amaningi aqala ukuthembela ngokuphelele kuma-voluntary amayunithi azo futhi asebenzise izimali zabo ezilinganiselwe zikahulumeni ngokuphelele kubo.
Ngisho naseNingizimu Afrika yasemaphandleni, lezi zingxenye zazivame ukuba yinto yasezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Abalobi nabadwebi benza amandla amaningi; izikhulu, ngokuvamile ezikhethwe ngamalungu enyunithi, zazivame ukuba amadoda acebile njengabameli noma amabhange. Njengoba inani elikhulayo labafuduki laqala ukufika kuma-1840 no-1850, izinhlanga ezifana ne "Irish Jasper Greens" kanye namaJalimane "Steuben Guards" zaqala ukukhula.
Amayunithi wezempi ahlanganisa ama-70% e-US Army alwa neMpi Mexican ngo-1846 no-1847. Phakathi nale mpi yokuqala yaseMelika ekulwe ngokuphelele ezweni lomhlaba, kwakukhona ukungqubuzana okukhulu phakathi kwamavolontiya avamile namavivolontiya ezombusazwe, ukungqubuzana okwakuyovela ngesikhathi esilandelayo izimpi. 'Izikhathi zonke' zacasula lapho izikhulu zezempi zibaxosha futhi ngezinye izikhathi zikhononda ngokuthi amabutho okuvolontiya ayengamahloni futhi aqondiswa kahle.
Kodwa izikhalazo mayelana namakhono okulwa namabutho ahlaselwa njengoba zasiza ekubambeni izimpi ezibucayi. Impi yaseMexico yasungula indlela yezempi eyayizolandela lesi sizwe iminyaka eyi-100 eyalandela: izikhulu ezivamile zanikeza ulwazi lwezempi nobuholi; isakhamuzi-amasosha ahlinzeka ngobuningi bebutho lempi.
Impi Yomphakathi
Ngokomaphesenti wabantu besilisa abathintekayo, iMpi Yombango yaba yimpi enkulu kakhulu emlandweni wase-US. Kwakungenxa yokuzibulala kakhulu: amaMelika amaningi afa kunezo zombili zeMpi Yezwe ezihlangene.
Ngenkathi impi iqala ngo-Ephreli 1861 e Fort Fortter, amaqembu amabili aseNyakatho naseSouth agijimela ukujoyina i-Army. Zombili izinhlangothi zazicabange ukuthi impi izoba mfushane: eNyakatho, izisebenzi zokuzithandela zokuqala zabhalwa kuphela izinsuku ezingu-90. Ngemva kwempi yokuqala yokulwa, eBull Run, kwacaca ukuthi impi yayiyoba yinde. UMongameli uLincoln wabiza amavolontiya angu-400 000 ukuba akhonze iminyaka emithathu. Izimpendulo eziningi zempi zabuyela ekhaya, zaqashwa futhi zahlelwa kabusha, zabuyela njengemigomo yokuzithandela yeminyaka emithathu.
Ngemuva kwezempi eziningi, kokubili iNyakatho neSouth babesebenza emsebenzini; ohlangothini ngalunye lwaphendukela ekubhaleni. Umthetho we-Civil War draft wawususelwe kusibopho esingokomthetho sokusebenza emabuthaneni, ne-quotas yombuso ngamunye.
Amanithi amaningi edume kakhulu e-Civil War, avela kuma-Maine angu-20 awalondoloze i-Union line e-Gettysburg eya ku-Stonewall Jackson. Iphesenti elikhulu kunazo zonke zeMpi Yombango Yempi Yempi Yabavukuzi baqhutshwa ngamayunithi e-Army National Guard.
Ukwakhiwa kabusha nokuthuthukiswa kwezentengiselwano
Ngemuva kokuphela kweMpi Yomphakathi, iNingizimu yayingaphansi komsebenzi wezempi. Ngaphansi Kokuvuselelwa, isimo sokubusa kwesifundazwe sasimisiwe, sizobuyiselwa kuphela lapho lowo mbuso unamabutho aseRiphabhuliki ayamukelekayo. Abaningi baseMelika-baseMelika bajoyina izinhlangano zempi ezakhiwa labahulumeni. Ukuphela koKwakha kabusha ngo-1877 kwaletha abakwa-Militia emuva ekulawuleni abamhlophe, kodwa ama-black units ahlala e-Alabama, eNorth Carolina, eTennessee, eVirginia nase-Northern Islands.
Kuzo zonke izingxenye zezwe, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 kwakuyisikhathi sokukhula kwabasolwa. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwabasebenzi ekuthuthukisweni kweNyakatho neMidwest kwenza labo bafunda ukuthi bahlole isidingo sebutho lempi. Eziningi zithi izikhali ezinkulu nezinkulu, ezivame ukwakhiwa ukuze zifane nezinqaba zesikhathi esidlule, zakhiwa ukuze zakhiwe izinyunyana zomphakathi.
Kwakunjalo phakathi nalesi sikhathi lapho amazwe amaningi aqala ukuqamba kabusha i-militia "U-National Guard." Leli gama laqala ukutholwa ngaphambi kweMpi Yombango yabezindaba baseNew York State ngokuhlonipha iMarquis de Lafayette, iqhawe leMelika Revolution, owayala "i-Garde Nationale" ezinsukwini zokuqala zesiFulentshi Revolution.
Ngo-1898, ngemuva kokuba ibutho lokulwa laseMelika laseMelika likhuphuke echwebeni laseHaana, eCuba, i-US yamemezela impi eSpain (Cuba kwakuyi-colony yaseSpain). Ngenxa yokuthi kunqunywe ukuthi uMongameli wayengenalo ilungelo lokuthumela i-National Guard ngaphandle kwama-United States, ama-Guard azinikele njengabantu ngabanye - kodwa aphinde akhethe izikhulu zawo futhi ahlala ndawonye.
Ama-National Guard units ayezihlukanisa neMpi yaseSpain neMelika. I-unit eyaziwa kakhulu yempi yayiyiyunithi yamahhashi eqoqwe ndawonye evela eTexas, eNew Mexico nase-Arizona National Guardsmen, "Rough Riders" kaTeddy Roosevelt.
Ukubaluleka kwangempela kweMpi YaseSpain neMelika kwakungenjalo eCuba: kwakungenxa yokwenza iUnited States amandla eMpumalanga Ekude. I-US Navy yathatha iPhilippines eSpain ngenkinga encane, kodwa amaPhilippines afuna ukuzimela, kanti i-US yayifanele ithumele amabutho ukuthi abambe iziqhingi.
Ngenxa yokuthi iningi lama-Army ahlala e-Caribbean, izingxenye ezintathu zamabutho wokuqala e-US okulwa ePhilippines zazivela ku-National Guard. Babengamadoda aseMelika okuqala ukulwa e-Asia futhi owokuqala ukulwa nesitha sangaphandle esasebenzisa amaqhinga okuqamba amanga - amaqhinga aphinde aqashwe ngokumelene namabutho ase-US eVietnam eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-60 kamuva.
Ukuguqulwa Kwezempi
Izinkinga phakathi neMpi YaseSpain neMelika yabonisa ukuthi uma i-US yayizoba amandla omhlaba wonke, impi yayo yayidinga izinguquko. Abaningi bezombusazwe kanye nezikhulu zezempi zazifuna i-Army egcwele isikhathi esigcwele, kodwa izwe lalingakaze libe nebutho elivamile ngesikhathi sokuthula futhi engathandi ukulikhokhela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abamemezeli bamalungelo eCongress banqoba izinhlelo zokubamba iqhaza eliphelele lamaSulumane ngenxa yokuguqula izimpi, noma i-National Guard.
Ngonyaka we-1903, umthetho othile wokubaluleka wawuvule indlela yokukhulisa okwamanje, kanye nokulawulwa kwe-Federal phezu kwe-National Guard. Umthetho wanikeza imali eyengeziwe yokwesekwa nguhulumeni, kepha ukuze uwuthole, ama-unit National Guard kumele afinyelele amandla amancane futhi ahlolwe yizikhulu zamasosha njalo. Abagadi bamagada babesadingeka ukuba bangene emahoreni angu-24 ngonyaka, nezinsuku eziyisihlanu zokuqeqeshwa kwonyaka, okwakuqala ukukhokhela khona inkokhelo.
Ngo-1916, kwesinye isenzo esadluliselwa, esiqinisekisa ukuthi isimo samabutho esifundazwe siyisandla samandla esiphephelo esiphezulu, futhi sidinga ukuthi zonke izizwe ziqambe kabusha impi yabo "Isivikelo Sikazwelonke." UMthetho Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke we-1916 iziqu ezibekiwe eziphathweni zikaHulumeni kaZwelonke futhi wabavumela ukuba baye ezikoleni zase-US Army; kwakudingeka ukuthi i-National Guard unit izohlolwa futhi ihlonishwe uMnyango Wezempi, futhi yayala ukuthi izingxenye zikaHulumeni Zikazwelonke zizohlelwa njengama-Army units njalo. Lesi senzo sichaze nokuthi abagadi beGoldards ngeke bakhokhelwa nje kuphela ukuqeqeshwa konyaka, kodwa futhi nokukhokha kwabo.
Impi Yezwe Yokuqala
UMthetho Wokuvikelwa Kazwelonke ka-1916 wadluliswa ngenkathi i-Pancho Villa yaseMexico neyenguquko ihlasela imizi yaseNingizimu-ntshonalanga. Wonke u-National Guard wayebizelwa umsebenzi osebenzayo nguMongameli uThomas Wilson, futhi phakathi nezinyanga ezine, abayi-158,000 abagcini balindi babekhona emngceleni waseMexico.
Abagadi bamagada abemi emngceleni ngo-1916 abazange babone isenzo. Kodwa entwasahlobo ka-1917, i-US yamemezela impi eJalimane futhi yangena eMpini Yezwe I, kanti abagadi beGoldards babe nethuba lokubeka ukuqeqeshwa kwabo ukuze basebenzise kahle.
I-National Guard yaba nendima enkulu eMpini Yezwe I. Amayunithi ayo ahlelwe ngezigaba nguhulumeni, futhi lezo zingxenye zazakhela ama-40% amandla okulwa we-American Expeditionary Force. Ukuhlukana kwezintathu zokuqala ze-US Army zokuqala ukulwa empini Yezwe I kwakuvela ku-National Guard. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani eliphakeme kakhulu leMpi Yezwe I Medals of Honor abamukeli bevela ku-Division Division 30, eyakhiwa ngabakwa-National Guardsmen baseCarolinas naseTennessee.
Phakathi kwezimpi
Iminyaka phakathi kweMpi Yezwe I no-II yayingabantu abathulile beMpi kanye neBalindi bakaZwelonke. Izenzakalo eziphawulekayo zenzeke kulokho okwakwaziwa ngokuthi yi-Air National Guard.
I-National Guard yayinezindiza ezimbalwa ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe I, kodwa kuphela ama-aircraft amabili eNew York ahlelwe ngokuhlelekile. Ngemuva kwempi, amashadi enhlangano yezempi acele ukuba isigaba ngasinye sibe nesigungu sokubona (umsebenzi oyinhloko wezindiza ngalezo zinsuku kwaba ukuhlonishwa), futhi i-National Guard yayifisa ukwakha izigcawu zazo. Ngomnyaka ka-1930, i-National Guard yayinezinhlaka ezingu-19 zokubheka. Ukucindezeleka kuqeda ukuqhutshwa kwezindiza ezintsha, kodwa ezinye eziningana zizohlelwa ngaphambi kokuba i-US ingene eMpini Yezwe II.
Ukulungiselela Ukulwa
Ehlobo lika-1940, iMpi Yezwe II yayivutha. Iningi laseYurophu laliphethwe yiJalimane yamaNazi. Ngomuso ka-1940, isiqalo sokuqala sokuthula sesizwe sabekwa, futhi u-National Guard wabizelwa emsebenzini.
Ukuhlelwa kabusha nokugqugquzela kwakuzophela unyaka owodwa nje kuphela, kodwa ngo-September 1941, insizakalo yezokuthutha kanye nokugqugquzelwa kwabalindi bendabuko yandiswa. Ezinyangeni ezintathu kamuva amaJapane ahlasela iPearl Harbor, futhi i-US yangena eMpini Yezwe II.
Impi Yezwe II
Bonke abahlukumezi bakazwelonke abangu-18 bonke babona ukulwa eMpini Yezwe II futhi bahlukana phakathi kwePacific neyezemidlalo zaseYurophu. Abaqaphi bakaZwelonke balwa kusukela ekuqaleni. Ama-Three Guard National units ahlanganyela ekuzivikeleni kwamaBataan ePhilippines ngaphambi kokuzinikezela amaJapane entwasahlobo ka-1942. Lapho ama- Marines ase-US ayedinga ukuqinisekiswa eGuadalcanal ekwindla ka-1942, i-North Dakota engu-164th Infantry yaba yimbutho enkulu yokuqala Amabutho ase-US Army ukulwa ngokucasuka eMpi Yezwe II. Ethempelini yaseYurophu, ukuhlukaniswa okulodwa kweNational Guard, i-34 kusukela eMinnesota, Iowa naseNingizimu Dakota kwakuyiyokuqala ukufika phesheya, futhi phakathi kokuqala ukulwa, eNyakatho Afrika. I-34 yaqhubeka ichitha yonke impi yokulwa e-Italy futhi yaqhubeka nezinsuku zokulwa zangempela kunanoma yikuphi ukuhlukana kweMpi Yezwe II.
Impi yaseKorea
Iminyaka eyalandela iMpi Yezwe II yabona ukudalwa kwe-US Air Force kusukela kulokho okwakuyi-US Army Air Forces. IziNdiza Zezokuqapha Zikazwelonke ziyingxenye yesevisi entsha, edala i-Air National Guard. Isigaba esisha sokugcina asizange silinde isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kokuqala kokulwa.
Impi yaseKorea yaqala ngo-June 1950 lapho iNyakatho Korea ihlasela iNingizimu Korea. Kungakapheli izinyanga ezimbili, i-Army National Guard Guard yokuqala yabangu-138 600 yaqoqwa, futhi izingxenye zeNational Guard zaqala ukufika eNingizimu Korea ngoJanuwari ka-1951. Ehlobo lika-1951, inqwaba yezinjini nezinsimbi zokuzivikela eKorea zazivela Isivikelo Sikazwelonke. NgoNovemba, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinsizwa ezimbili zeNational Guard, ama-40 avela eCalifornia kanye ne-45 ephuma e-Oklahoma beza ukulwa nabaseNorth Korea nabaseShayina.
I-Turbulent 60's
Ama-1960 aqala ngokubambisana ngokukhethekile kwe-National Guard njengengxenye yokuphendula kwe-US ekwakhiweni kweSoviet Union ekwakheni iBerlin. Nakuba kungekho owashiya i-United States, cishe abangaba ngu-45 000 be-Army Guardsmen bachitha unyaka ku-Active Federal Service.
Njengoba iminyaka eyishumi iqhubeka, uMengameli uLyndon Johnson wenza isinqumo sezombangazwe esasiyingozi sokuba angabandakanyeli amaReerves ukulwa neMpi yaseVietnam kodwa athembele kuloluhlaka. Kodwa lapho isibhamu seView Cong Tet Offensive sashaywa ngo-1968, ama-34 e-Army National Guard azinikezele ukuthi ayesebenza ngokuzikhandla, okuyisishiyagalombili ayekhonza eSouth Vietnam.
Amanye ama-unit e-National Guard ahlala e-US aphinde atholakale emigqeni engaphambili. Njengoba izimpikiswano zasemadolobheni kanye nemibhikisho yokulwa nempi yabulala izingxenye zezwe ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1960, abaqaphi, njengendima yesifundazwe, babizwa ngokuqhubekayo ekusebenziseni ukulawulwa kwezimpikiswano.
Izwe lonke, ama-1960 laliyisikhathi sokushintsha komphakathi. Lezo zinguquko zaboniswa ku-National Guard, ikakhulukazi ngokobunhlanga nobuhlanga.
Kusukela eNew Jersey ngo-1947, izifundazwe ezisenyakatho zaqala inqubo yokuhlanganisa abaHlondi baKwaZulu. Umthetho wamalungelo omphakathi woMthetho wamaLungelo kaZwelonke ka-1965 wawuphoqa amazwe aseSouth ukuba alandele, futhi eminyakeni engu-25 kamuva abantu baseMelika baseMelika bakha cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwekota ye-Army National Guard.
Amadoda ase-Afrika naseMelika ayenomlando wenkonzo yezempi ebuyela emuva ezinsukwini zamakholoni; abesifazane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bahlanga, abazange. Ngenxa yokuthi uMthetho wamaMpi ka-1792 kanye noMthetho Wezokuvikela Kazwelonke ka-1916 ubhekisele ngqo "kubantu besilisa," kuthatha umthetho okhethekile ukuvumela abesifazane ukuba bajoyine. Kwaphela iminyaka engu-15 kuphela abesifazane abaseNational Guard kwabahlengikazi, kodwa ngawo-1970, yonke imisebenzi ehlomile yaqala ukwandisa amathuba abesifazane. Ukulandela izinqubomgomo zeMpi Nezindiza, i-National Guard yabona inani labesifazane abashayo liqala ukukhula okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo namhlanje.
"Ingqikithi Yamandla" Iya Ekulweni
Ukuphela kokusungula ngo-1973 kwafaka isikhathi sokushintsha okukhulu kwezempi zase-US. Ukunqunywa emthonjeni wabo wezandla ezishibhile, futhi ngaphansi kwengcindezi yokunciphisa izindleko, izinsizakalo ezisebenzayo zaqaphela ukuthi kumele zisebenzise kangcono izingxenye zabo zokugcina. I-Air Guard yayihlanganisiwe ekusebenzeni kweMpi Yomoya kusukela phakathi nawo-1950. Maphakathi no-1970, inqubomgomo ethi "Amandla Ephelele" yabangela ukuthunyelwa kwemishini eminingi, izikhali, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwezempi kunanini ngaphambili.
Abaqaphi bakaZwelonke bahlanganyela ekwakheni okukhulu kokuzivikela okuqalwe nguMongameli uRonald Reagan. Ngo-1977, inqola yokuqala yebutho le-Army National Guard yaya emaphandleni ukuze ichithe amaviki amabili okuqeqeshwa komsebenzi ngezigaba ezivamile zamasosha. Eminyakeni eyisishiyagalolunye kamuva, i-Wisconsin National Guard engu-32 i-Infantry Brigade yayithumela eJalimane nayo yonke imishini yayo yokuzivocavoca okukhulu kwe-NATO.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1980, ama-Army National Guard amayunithi ahlinzekwa ngezikhali zakamuva kanye nemishini - futhi ngokushesha uzothola ithuba lokuwusebenzisa. Ephendula ukuhlasela kwe-Iraq e-Kuwait ngo-Agasti 1990, i- Operation Desert Storm yaletha ukugqugquzelwa okukhulu koMgcini Kazwelonke kusukela eMpini yaseKorea.
Abasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-60,000 be-Army Guard babizwa ngokuthi baqhubekele emsebenzini osebenzayo kwiGulf War. Njengoba umkhankaso womoya wokulwa ne-Iraq waqala ukusebenza kwe-Operation Desert Storm ngoJanuwari 1991, amadoda nabesifazane abayizinkulungwane ze-Army National Guard, iningi lazo ezivela ekulweni nezinsizakalo zokusiza ezokulwa, zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia, balungiselela umkhankaso womhlaba ngokumelene namabutho ase-Iraq. Okwesibili kwezintathu zalabo abaqoqwayo ekugcineni bazobona insizakalo yezemidlalo emikhulu yezempi.
Njengoba kwenzeka ngemuva kokubuya kuka-Guard kusuka e-Peninsula yase-Arabia, iziphepho zaseFlorida naseHawaii kanye nokuqhuma e-Los Angeles zaveza inselelo yendima kaHulumeni Kazwelonke emiphakathini yayo. Le ndima iye yanda njengoba abaqaphi, abakhuthele iminyaka eminyanisweni yokuvimbela izidakamizwa nokuqeda, baqala izinhlelo ezintsha ezintsha zokufinyelela umphakathi.
Kusukela ekupheleni kweDesert Storm, iNgcali kaZwelonke ibone uhlobo lwenguquko ye-Federal mission, ngezinye izikhathi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Haiti, Bosnia, Kosovo, kanye nemvula yase-Iraq. Iningi lwakamuva, ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kukaSeptemba 11, 2001 , abangaphezu kuka-50,000 Abaqaphi babizwa yizizwe zabo zombili kanye nohulumeni waseFrance ukunikeza ukuphepha ekhaya nokulwa nobuphekula phesheya. Esimpindeni esikhulu kunazo zonke futhi esheshayo enhlekeleleni yasekhaya emlandweni, abaqaphi babesebenzisa amasosha angaphezu kuka-50 000 asekela iGulf States elandela isivunguvungu uKatrina ngo-2005. Namuhla, amashumi ezinkulungwane zabantu abaqaphi abasebenza ngokulimala e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan, njengoba u-National Guard eqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe omlando, okuhlinzekela ama-unit units aqeqeshwe futhi ahlomele ukuvikela impilo nempahla, ngenkathi ehlinzeka ngezikhungo zezwe eziqeqeshwe, zihlomele futhi silungele ukuvikela i-United States nezintshisekelo zayo, kuwo wonke umhlaba.
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Ukwaziswa okuhlonishwa yi-Army National Guard