Incazelo yezobuchwepheshe yezindlela ezibucayi ngokulandelana kwamaphakheji womsebenzi ohlanganisiwe yindlela enesilinganiso esincane sokusila. Ngokwezindlela ezingokoqobo, le ndlela ukulandelana kwezehlakalo ukuthi uma kukhona ukulibaziseka, kuzolibazisa yonke iphrojekthi. Futhi ngemibandela elula, indlela ebucayi ukulandelana kwemisebenzi okuzothatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuqedela ukuletha iphrojekthi.
I-Critical Path Project Management ichaza indlela yokuphatha nokulawula iphrojekthi usebenzisa isethi ehlukile yamathuluzi.
Ukukhomba Indlela Eyimbangela:
Abaphathi bephrojekthi basebenza namalungu eqembu ukuze bachaze wonke umsebenzi odingekayo ukuqedela iphrojekthi noma ukufeza ububanzi bephrojekthi . Umsebenzi uvame ukuphulwa zibe amayunithi okuthiwa amaphakheji emisebenzi. Lezi amaphakheji ezisebenzayo zincane ngokwanele ukuthi zingakwazi ukuhlotshaniswa nomnikazi, ephethwe engozini futhi zilawulwa isikhathi, izindleko nezinto zokwakha.
Amaphakheji omsebenzi amancane kakhulu ayinalutho, futhi ukusebenza amaphakheji amakhulu kakhulu akuhlinzeki ngesisekelo sokuphatha nokulawula okusebenzayo. Isibonelo esivame ukuchazwa ukuthi akukho phakheji yomsebenzi okufanele uthathe amahora angaphansi kuka-8 ukuqedela noma ngaphezulu kwamahora ayisishiyagalombili. Yiqiniso, lokho kungahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi isimo senzani.
Ithimba ngalinye lomsebenzi lichaza futhi lilinganise ubude kanye nezindleko zamaphakheji wabo womsebenzi.
Umphathi wephrojekthi uphakamisa amaphakheji omsebenzi futhi uwahambise ngendlela okumelwe ukuthi igcwaliswe ngayo. Ukulinganisa ubude nokulandelana kwezenzakalo kusetshenziselwa ukwakha umdwebo wenethiwekhi, lapho kutholakala khona izinyathelo eziningana ezibalulekile. Lokhu kufaka:
- Ukuqala Kokuqala: iphakethe lokuqala lomsebenzi liqala.
- Ukuqeda Ekuqaleni: iphakethe lokuqala lomsebenzi lingagcwaliswa.
- Qala Ukuqala: iphakheji yakamuva yomsebenzi ingaqaliswa futhi ingabambezeli iphrojekthi.
- Ukuphela kwesikhathi sokugcina: iphakheji lamuva lomsebenzi lingagcwaliswa futhi lingalibali isikhathi sephrojekthi.
- Slack (Float): isikhathi sesikhathi iphasela lomsebenzi singabambezeleka futhi asithinte iphrojekthi.
Lezi zimethrikhi zisetshenziselwa ukubala izindlela ezahlukene ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi, ukukhiqiza ubude nokukhomba ukutholakala okukhona kwamaphakheji omsebenzi ngamunye. Umphathi wephrojekthi namalungu wethimba lephrojekthi bajwayele ukulungisa ukulandelana kwezenzakalo futhi babheke okukhethwa kukho okuhlukile. Uma izinsiza zichazwa ukuthi amaphakheji omsebenzi aphinde alandelwane, afune uhlelo oluhle kakhulu lweprojekthi olusebenzayo, olufike ngesikhathi futhi oluncane.
Ithimba lephrojekthi lingabuka imigwaqo yangempela ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi, kanti enye (noma ngaphezulu) enenani elingenani eliphansi lokutholakala (ngezinye izikhathi zero), okusho ukuthi noma ngabe iyiphi into ngaleyo ndlela iphuza ngisho nangosuku olulodwa, iphrojekthi izoba liphuze ngokufanayo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela okulandelayo:
- Kungaba khona okungaphezu kweyodwa indlela eqondile kumdwebo wenethiwekhi.
- Indlela ebucayi ingashintsha ngokusekelwe kokuhlelwa kwezinsiza.
- Indlela ebucayi ingashintsha ngesikhathi kwenziwa iphrojekthi.
Ukusetshenziswa koMzila oPhezulu:
Indlela ebucayi iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuphatha iphrojekthi elivumela umphathi wephrojekthi kanye neqembu ukuba bagxile imizamo yabo emaphaketheni omsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. Izenzo ezivamile ezigxile endleleni ebucayi zihlanganisa:
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinsiza ziyatholakala uma kudingeka
- Ukuboleka izinsiza ezivela emaphaketheni angasebenzi okubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuphothulwa kwezinto ezibucayi.
- Ukuqapha ngokucophelela nokubika ngemisebenzi ebalulekile.
- Ukuphumula noma ukulinganisa izinsiza kwimisebenzi eminingi ephelele kahle endleleni ebucayi.
- Ukushaya isimiso ngokufaka izinsiza kulabo izinto lapho kunciphisa okungenani okubiza imali esikhathini eside kungatholakala.
- Ukubona komsebenzi ongagcwaliswa ngesikhathi esisodwa (ukulandelela okusheshayo) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho ukulibaziseka endleleni ebucayi.
- Ukusetshenziswa komdwebo wenethiwekhi ukuhlola ingozi enkulu yephrojekthi. Uma inethiwekhi inezindlela eziningi ezibucayi noma enye indlela ebucayi kanye nemigwaqo eminingana ehlanjululwayo, kuthiwa izwela. Ukwehluleka ngokwengeziwe kwenethiwekhi yeprojekthi, kunomthelela omkhulu wokulibazisa futhi kunzima kakhulu umsebenzi wephrojekthi yephrojekthi kanye neqembu lokuqedela umsebenzi wokuqapha.
Isofthiwe yekhompyutha kanye Nendlela Eyisisekelo:
Ngenkathi amaphrojekthi amancane kakhulu ebolekisa ekubalweni kwemibhalo yendlela ebucayi, ngezinhlelo ezinkulu ezinkulungwane noma amashumi ezinkulungwane zamaphakheji omsebenzi, abaphathi bephrojekthi bathembele ezinhlelweni zesofthiwe yokuphatha iphrojekthi ukubala nokuchaza umdwebo wenethiwekhi yeprojekthi kanye nemigwaqo ebucayi (s) . Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuthi imenenja yephrojekthi iqonde indlela yokuthuthukisa, ukuhlunga nokuphatha endleleni ebucayi.
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