Kuthelevishini, amanethiwekhi amakhulu ase-US ekusakazwa yi-ABC, CBS, Fox, NBC, The CW, ne-PBS. Izinhlelo zenethiwekhi zenethiwekhi ezisebenza kuzo zonke iziteshi zayo - njengeThe Big Bang Theory , ehamba emoyeni wenethiwekhi ye-CBS kuzwelonke.
Indlela Ubudlelwane Bokuxhumana Ngokwenethiwekhi / Uhlobo
Lapho iziteshi ze-TV ziqala, zazidinga izinhlelo. Amanethiwekhi ayenayo kodwa ayedinga indlela yokuyibuka kubabukeli, njengoba nje sekuvele kusenziwa amashumi eminyaka ngomsakazo.
Ngalezo zinsuku zokuqala, amanethiwekhi akhokhela iziteshi ukuze ziveze izinhlelo zabo. Lokho kwakusiza iziboniso zakuqala, ezifana no- I Love Lucy , ukuba zihlasele izwe. I-comedy ivuliwe ku-CBS. Ngenxa yokuthi iziteshi ze-CBS ezikhokhelwayo ziba ngabalingani , uLucy wabonakala ezweni lonke, futhi ngenxa yalokho, i-CBS ingathengisa izikhangiso ze-TV ezizofinyelela izigidi zabantu.
Lokho kwakungcono neziteshini ze-CBS zendawo, ezabonisa ukubonisa. Okuwukuphela kwezinto ukuthi inethiwekhi igcinwa kakhulu kwinqolobane yezohwebo, eyayihlala kuyi-TV yenethiwekhi namuhla. Isiteshi sendawo singase sibe ne-Super Bowl kodwa sinemikhawulo embalwa yokuthengisa amasheya wendawo phakathi nomdlalo omkhulu. Kungathola ama-eyeball amaningi amaningi, kodwa hhayi imali eningi yokusakazwa okunjalo.
Namuhla, inethiwekhi ye-TV ivimbela umkhuba wokukhokha iziteshi ukuhambisa izinhlelo zayo. Empeleni, ukuhlanekezela kuyaba yindawo evamile. Inethiwekhi ifuna isiteshi sendawo ukuthi sikhokhele ilungelo lokuba ngumlingani. Inethiwekhi ilindele ukuthi umnikazi wesiteshi sendawo aqaphele ukuthi isiteshi sinenani elibaluleke kakhulu njenge-affiliate ye-NBC kunokuzama ukuhamba yedwa njengesiteshi esizimele.
Kodwa akusilo njalo icala. Ngo-2002, umnikazi we-CBS owayesebenze isikhathi eside i-WJXT e-Jacksonville, eFlorida, wanquma ukuthi wenza umqondo wezamabhizinisi ukulahla i-CBS futhi ube yizimele. Ngenxa yamandla esiteshini ekulinganisweni kwe- Nielsen nabanikazi bakhe abanqume, isiteshi sathuthukile ngokunikeza izindaba zendawo zendawo esikhundleni sezinhlelo ze-CBS.
Akuzona zonke iziteshi zendawo "ezihlobene" zenethiwekhi ezimele. Amanye amanethiwekhi ayenayo futhi asebenzisa inethiwekhi ngokwabo. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi iziteshi ze- O & O noma i- "O & Os." Ema- DMA amakhulu kunawo wonke ezweni, njengeNew York noma eLos Angeles, iziteshi ze-ABC, CBS, Fox kanye ne-NBC zinezixhumanisi hhayi inkampani yangaphandle.
I-Federal Communications Commission (FCC) ngeke ivumele inethiwekhi ukuba ibe nayo yonke indawo esiteshini kuwo wonke amadolobha ezweni lonke ngenxa yokukhathazeka ukuthi izobeka ukulawula okuningi kumaphephandaba ezandleni zabantu abambalwa kakhulu. Kodwa isimo esifana nalokho okwenzekile e-Jacksonville, eFlorida, ngeke kwenzeke emadolobheni amakhulu kunawo wonke wezizwe ngoba ayikho inethiwekhi esebenzayo yokuxhumana noma yokwenza.
Yeka ukuthi i-Fox yaba kanjani amandla amakhulu enethiwekhi
Ngokomlando, i-US yayinezinhlelo okuthiwa "amanethiwekhi amakhulu"; ukuthi konke kwaqala ukushintsha lapho inethiwekhi yeFox ishaya ama-airwaves ngo-1986.
I-fox ekuqaleni yayiqoqo lweziteshi ze-O & O ezimakethe ezimbalwa ezinkulu neziteshini eziningi ezincane ezazizimele. U-Fox wenza kuphela amahora ambalwa wokuhlela njalo kusihlwa futhi akazami ukubonisa inethiwekhi yekusasa noma i-newscast yasebusuku.
Ngenxa ye -Simpsons nezinye izinhlelo zokuphumula, uFox wenza umkhiqizo ngokwawo kodwa wawubhekwa njengomncintiswano obuthakathaka wamandla kagesi e-ABC, CBS nase-NBC.
Lokho konke kwashintsha phakathi nawo-1990 - UFox wakwazi ukuthola iziteshi ezinkulu zamakethe ukuze ashintshe ukuhlanganyela kwabo "amakhulu amathathu" futhi abe yizakhamuzi zeFox esikhundleni salokho. Kusuka eDetroit kuya e-Atlanta kuya eDallas, iFox manje yayineziteshi ezinamandla ezinokuthi izindaba zendawo zitholakale. I-fox nayo inegunya lokusakaza imidlalo ethile ye-NFL yebhola, eyayibeka ezinkulumweni ezinkulu zokusakaza kwezemidlalo.
Namuhla, i-Fox kungenzeka ingenakho i-newscasts ekuseni noma kusihlwa, futhi isimiso sayo sokuqala siqhubeka siphela ihora ngaphambi kwamanye amanethiwekhi.
Kodwa uye wazuza ubunye nabalingani bawo futhi ngenxa yokuthi ufana ne- American Idol ; ingakwazi ukunqoba izilinganiso zeNielsen njalo.
Yiziphi izinethiwekhi ezingekho
Ethelevishini ithelevishini, ezinye iziteshi zisebenzisa igama "inethiwekhi" egameni labo yize ziyisiteshi esisodwa futhi azihlangabezi nencazelo yenethiwekhi. I-Food Network ne-Game Show Network yizibonelo ezimbili. Abanayo iziteshi zendawo ezisakaza isignali yazo.
Igama le-CNN elisemthethweni yi-Cable News Network. Nakuba kuyisiteshi sekhebula, sinesivumelwano neziteshi eziningi zendawo ezweni lonke ukuze wabelane ngezindaba zezindaba nevidiyo, okwenza kube kufane nenethiwekhi. Lezo ziteshi zenza isivumelwano se-CNN ukwabelana ngezinsiza, yize iziteshi zingabambisene nomunye wabaxhumanisi bokusakazwa.
Iziteshi zenza lokhu ukuphinda kabili izinsiza zabo zezindaba. Isiteshi esithintekayo kokubili i-CBS ne-CNN ingasebenzisa noma imithombo njengoba ibona kufanelekile. I-CNN ingaba nevidiyo engcono yesiphepho esithinta phansi kune-CBS, ngakho isiteshi singakhetha ukuhambisa ividiyo ka-CNN. Ababukeli ekhaya bangase bangaqapheli ukuthi isiteshi sendawo sinobuhlobo no-CNN. Bayazi kuphela ukuthi isiteshi sinevidiyo enhle kakhulu yokuqothula.
Futhi eyaziwa ngokuthi: inetha, ithelevishini, inetha lomsakazo