Izinselele zezinyoni ziyingozi yokukhula kwabashayeli bezindiza kanye nabaqhubi bezindiza. Ngokusho kwe-FAA, kunezigameko ezingu-142,000 zasendle zasemaphandleni (amaphesenti angu-97 azoba yiziphetho zezinyoni) ngezindiza e-United States phakathi kuka-1990 no-2013, ebulala abantu abangu-25 futhi elimaza amanye angu-279. Kusukela ngo-1988, okungenani abantu abangu-255 babulawe ngenxa yokushaya kwezinyoni. Nakuba izinyoni zezinyoni zihlala zingengozi kakhulu, ziyingozi eyandayo yokuthi i-FAA namanye amaqembu embonini asebenza kanzima ukuze anciphise.
Izimangaliso phezu kwe-Hudson
Mhlawumbe ingozi eyaziwa kakhulu yendiza ephuma esitelekeni sezinyoni yi- US Airways Flight 1549 , eyafika eMfuleni i-Hudson imizuzu emibili nje ngemva kokuhamba ukusuka kuLaGuardia. I-A320, elandelwa nguChelsey "Sully" uSullenberger, yabhekana nokuhluleka kokubili kwenjini ngemuva kokushaya umhlambi wezinyoni. Le ndege yafika ngokuphepha eMfuleni i-Hudson, futhi wonke umuntu ebhodini wasinda. I-US Airways Flight 1549 indaba ephawulekayo ngoba izenzo zabasebenzi zilondolozile izimpilo zabo bonke abagibela indiza, kodwa izinyoni zezinyoni akuzona zonke izinto ezingavamile, futhi izindiza eziningi zonakaliswa unyaka ngamunye emva kwezinyoni ziwela kuwo. E-United States yedwa kunezingxabano zasendle zasemazweni angaba ngu-10 000 ngonyaka, okwenza amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaRandi awonakele ezindizeni.
Iyini isiteleka sezinyoni?
Isiteleka sezinyoni lapho inyoni iqhuma into endizayo eyenza abantu njengendiza noma i-helicopter.
Izigameko zezinyoni ngokuvamile zenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwezindiza eziphansi, ukuthatha indawo, nokufika. Isiteleka sezinyoni singabangela umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu esimweni sendiza futhi uma ingenwe, injini yendiza noma izinjini. Iningi lezinyoni zezinyoni lihilela amahansi noma izinkuni, futhi iningi, ngenkathi lingabulawa, lenze umonakalo omkhulu kule ndege kanye / noma izinjini zayo.
Kungani izinyoni ziyingozi kakhulu ezindizeni?
Ngokusho kwe-Bird Strike Committee yase-USA, inani lezinyoni zezinyoni likhula njalo ngonyaka. Inyoni eshaya indiza ngokuqinisekile izobangela umonakalo, ngokuvamile okwanele ukudala ukuphuthumayo noma ukulimala kubasebenzi noma abagibeli. Kodwa kuye ngokuthi inkulu kangakanani le nyoni nokuthi ingabe ithinta kanjani indiza, umonakalo ungabuka kusuka e-dent encane kuya e-windshield ephukile noma ukwehluleka kwenjini ngokuphelele. Endabeni ye-US Airways Flight 1549, umonakalo ungathinta ngisho injini engaphezu kweyodwa, futhi nakuba engavamile, kungabangela ukuphuthumayo kokushayela noma ukufika kwamandla.
Yini eyenziwa ukuyivimbela?
Ukuphathwa kwezilwane zasendle kuyingxenye esebenzayo kuyo yonke inqubo yokusebenza kwezindiza. Izikhumulo zezindiza zithatha indima enkulu ekugcineni izinyoni nezinye izilwane zasendle zisuke ezikhungweni zezindiza ngokusebenzisa ukuxhaphazwa kwemvelo njengokususa izihlahla, ukugcina utshani bubekwe phansi, besebenzisa imisindo enjengeziqhumane, nokuletha izinyoni zezilwane, okungaba njengento ebonakalayo yokuqeda izimvu zezilwane noma amahansi.
Ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zokuphathwa kwezilwane zasendle zasendaweni yesikhumulo sezindiza, i-FAA ineHlelo lokuThuthukiswa kwe-Wildlife eligxile ekuqondisweni, ekucwaningeni nasekufinyeleleni ekufundiseni abaphathi bezindiza kanye nabanye abadlali bezemvelo mayelana nokuphathwa kwezilwane zasendle ezizungeze izindiza zezindiza.
Iqembu elibizwa ngokuthi i-Bird Strike Committee yase-USA liqondiswa ikomidi eliqondisayo kubandakanya abantu abavela e-FAA, uMnyango wezoLimo waseMelika, uMnyango Wezokuvikela kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi nezizimele. I-Bird Strike e-USA inikeza izinsiza futhi ikhuthaza ukwabelana ngolwazi mayelana nezinselele zezinyoni e-US
UMnyango wezokuVikela wase-United States, kanye ne-US Air Force kanye ne-FAA, baye bahlanganisa amandla ukuze benze uhlelo lwe-Avian Hazard Advisory System, olusebenzisa i-Bird Avoidance Model ukuhlola ingozi yesiteleka sezinyoni ezindaweni ezithile zezindiza nasemigwaqeni yokuqeqeshwa kwezempi ephansi.
Ekugcineni, uhlelo lokuvimbela izinyoni ze-Bird / Wildlife (BASH) lusetshenziswa yi-Air Force kanye neNavy ukuze kuphuculwe ingozi yezinyoni zezinyoni.