I-HSA Ingakwazi Ukuletha Izinzuzo Eziyingqayizivele Lapho Kulondolozwa Imali Yezokwelapha
Uma enye yalezi zinketho iyatholakala kuwe, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-HSA neHRA ifanisa kanjani.
I-Akhawunti Yokugcinwa Kwe-Akhawunti Yemali
Njengoba igama liphakamisa, i-HSA i-akhawunti yokulondoloza esho ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokukhethekile ekunakekelweni kwezempilo. Lawa ma-akhawunti ahlotshaniswa nezinhlelo zomshuwalense wezempilo ophezulu, ongase unikezwe ngumqashi wakho. Ungakhetha futhi ukubhalisa kwi- high deductible plan nge-HSA uma uziqashile.
I-HSA ingasetshenziselwa ukukhokhela uhlu olubanzi lwezindleko zezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi:
- Ukuvakasha kukaDokotela
- Ukunakekelwa okuvimbelayo
- Izinsizakalo ezikhethekile
- Ukwelapha ngokomzimba
- Izinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezidakamizwa nokuphuza utshwala
- Izinhlelo zokulahlekelwa isisindo
- Ukufakelwa komzimba
- Ukuhlolwa kwebhu
- Imishini yezokwelapha nempahla
- Izinsizakalo zesibhedlela
- Izinsizakalo zamazinyo
- Izinsizakalo zombono
- Imithi yokwelashwa
- Imithi yokwelapha ngaphezulu
I-Internal Revenue Service inqumela ukuthi izimali ze-HSA zingasetshenziswa kanjani ngezinga. Isibonelo, awukwazi ukusebenzisa imali ku-HSA yakho ukukhokhela izinto ezinjengamazinyo okugcoba amazinyo, amavithamini, ukuguquka kwezinwele, imishini yokuvivinya umzimba noma ubulungu bokuzivocavoca.
Ukusebenzisa imali yakho ye-HSA kulula kakhulu. Inkampani yakho yomshuwalense ingakunika ikhadi lokukhishwa kwezimali elixhunywe kwi-akhawunti yakho yokulondoloza. Ungabe uswayipha ikhadi lakho ukuthi ukhokhe izindleko zokwelapha ezifanelekile futhi umhlinzeki wakho we-HSA uzonikeza isitatimende sentela ekupheleni konyaka, ubonise imali yakho yonke imali kanye neminikelo yonyaka.
Ngo-2018, ungafaka imali engu-R4,450 ku-HSA uma unesidingo esisodwa. Umkhawulo uyanda ku-$ 6,900 uma unomndeni wakho. Abaqashi bangenza iminikelo efanelana ne-HSA egameni lakho. Isamba semisebenzi kanye nomnikelo wabasebenzi asikwazi ukudlula umkhawulo wonyaka wonyaka.
Indlela Ukuhlelwa Kwempilo Yezokubuyisela Kusebenza Kanjani
Ukuhlelwa kwemali yokubuyiswa kwempilo kuhluke kwi-HRA ngezindlela ezimbalwa eziyinhloko. Okokuqala, akulona i-akhawunti yokulondoloza nge-se, futhi ingumshwalense wezempilo. Awunikeli noma iyiphi imali ku-akhawunti; Kunalokho, umqashi wakho wenza iminikelo kuwe.
Abaqashi bangasungula i-HRA nganoma isiphi isisebenzi esingaphansi kweminyaka engu-65. Futhi sinokulawula ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani imali ku-akhawunti yakho. Isibonelo, uma izindleko zezokwelapha umshwalense engakhokheli, ungathinta i-HRA yakho ukukhokha, bese ubhalela noma yikuphi umehluko osele wena. Ngenye indlela, umqashi wakho angase ahlele uhlelo lwakho ukuze ukhokhe inani elithile elingabhekwa ngumshuwalense; ke-ke i-HRA yakho ikhokha konke.
Ngokomkhawulo wemikhawulo, lezi zihluka ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwe-HRA umqashi osemisiwe. I-HRA ehlangene ehlanganiswe nehlelo eliphezulu lempilo yeqembu elidonswayo, isibonelo, ayinayo umkhawulo wonyaka wokunikela.
Umqashi Omncane Ofanelekile we-HRA (QSEHRA), oklanyelwe amabhizinisi anabasebenzi abangaba ngu-50 noma abambalwa, unomkhawulo womnikelo we-$ 5,050 wokukhokhelwa ngabanye kanye no-$ 10,250 ukuhlinzekwa komndeni ngo-2018.
Ngokufanayo nama-HSA, imali egcinwe kwi-HRA ingasetshenziswa kuphela ezindlini zokwelapha ezifanelekayo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuhlanganisa lezo izindleko ezihlanganiswe uhlelo lwakho lomshuwalense wezempilo, njengokuvakashelwa udokotela, izinsizakalo zesibhedlela nezidakamizwa zemithi. Umqashi wakho unelungelo lokwandisa ububanzi bokufakwa ukuze afaka uhla olugcwele lwezindleko ezifanelekile ze-HSA, kodwa lokhu akuyona into edingekayo.
Izinzuzo ze-HSAs vs. HRAs
I-HSA ne-HRA ingahle ibonakale inenzuzo kodwa ama-HSA akhiphe izinzuzo ezithile ezibalulekile ama-HRA.
Okokuqala, iminikelo oyenzayo iyinkokhelo yentela. Ukunciphisa kunciphisa imali engenayo engenayo yonyaka, okungaholela ekukhokhiseni intela encane noma imali eyinzuzo enkulu.
Iminikelo ye-HRA idonswa kodwa kuphela kumqashi wakho; awutholi ikhefu lokukhokha lokuba nelinye lama-akhawunti.
Okulandelayo, awukho isidingo sokusebenzisa izimali zakho ze-HSA uze uzidinge. Imali enikela ngayo imiqulu ngaphezu konyaka nonyaka uze uze uyihoxise, iyaqhubeka ihola inzalo. Nge-HRA, umqashi wakho unquma ukuthi akuvumele yini uphathe iminikelo kusuka ngonyaka owodwa kuya kwesinye. Uma lokho akuyona inketho, imali yakho ye-HRA iyasetshenziswa-it-noma-ilahlekelwe yona.
Indlela ongasebenzisa ngayo imali ku-HSA vs. HRA ibuye ihluke. Uma umqashi wakho engakhethi ngaphezu kwezindleko ezivezwe ohlelweni lwakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ungase uzitholele ukukhokha imali engaphandle kwezindleko zezokwelapha ezingase zihlanganiswe i-HSA.
Okokugcina, futhi mhlawumbe okubaluleke kakhulu, i-HSA ingenza kabili umsebenzi njengethuluzi lokuhlela umhlalaphansi. Ngokuvamile, ukuhoxiswa kwe-HSA nganoma yini ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwezempilo kuzobe kungaphansi kwesigwebo sentela yengu-20 kanye nentela ejwayelekile yokuthola imali. Uma uhlala uphilile futhi uqhubeke nokuqoqa imali ku-akhawunti yakho phakathi neminyaka yakho yokusebenza, ungakwazi ukuhoxisa imali ku-HSA yakho eneminyaka engu-65 noma ngaphezulu kunoma iyiphi injongo, ngaphandle kokufaka isijeziso se-20%. Uzobe usalindele intela ejwayelekile yokuthola imali ngaphandle kokuhoxiswa kwakho kodwa lokhu kungaba yindlela ewusizo yokwengeza izinzuzo zokuvikeleka kwezenhlalakahle noma imali engenayo yomhlalaphansi kusukela ku-401 (k) noma i-akhawunti yomhlalaphansi ngamunye.
Ukwenza i-HSA, ngisho noma ungaxhumeli uhlelo lwakho ngonyaka, kungasiza ekudaleni umthombo owengeziwe wokulondoloza umhlalaphansi. Uma kunjalo, uthola i-HRA kuphela, kubalulekile ukuqonda kahle ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uyayisebenzisa kakhulu.