Kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi umsebenzi ophansi wokuhlala umhlalaphansi?

Isikhathi esincane sokuthatha umhlalaphansi, noma i-MRA, ye- Federal Employees Retirement System, noma i-FERS , isungula isisebenzi sokuqala esingasuswa ngokuzithandela emsebenzini wenhlangano. Uma lesi sigaba sihlangene, abasebenzi basezombusazwe babheka iminyaka yabo yokusebenza ukuze banqume ukuthi bangabanikazi umhlalaphansi.

Ithebula elingezansi elakhiwe yi-US Office of Personnel Management likhombisa abasebenzi base-federal ama-MRAs abo ngokuzalwa kwabo:

Uma uzalwa I-MRA yakho ikhona
Ngaphambi kuka-1948 55
Ngo-1948 Izinyanga ezingu-55 nezinyanga ezimbili
Ngo-1949 Izinyanga ezingu-55 nezinyanga ezingu-4
Ngo-1950 Izinyanga ezingu-55 nezinyanga ezingu-6
Ngo-1951 Izinyanga ezingu-55 nezi-8
Ngo-1952 Izinyanga ezingu-55 nezinyanga ezingu-10
Ngo-1953-1964 56
Ngo-1965 Izinyanga ezingu-56 nezinyanga ezimbili
Ngo-1966 Izinyanga ezingu-56 nezinyanga ezingu-4
Ngo-1967 Izinyanga ezingu-55 nezinyanga ezingu-6
Ngo-1968 Izinyanga ezingu-56 nezinyanga ezingu-8
Ngo-1969 Izinyanga ezingu-56 nezinyanga ezingu-10
Ngo-1970 nangemva kwalokho 57

Kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940 kuya ku-1970, i-MRA yenyuka kancane ukusuka ku-55 ngo-1948 kuya ku-57 ngo-1970. Ngezindinganiso zomkhakha wangasese, uneminyaka engu-57 ubudala ukuthatha umhlalaphansi.

Njengamanye amasistimu omhlalaphansi kahulumeni , ama-FERS anikezela ngale ndlela. Lezi zinhlelo zokuthatha umhlalaphansi zivuza abasebenzi ngokunamathela enkonzweni yomphakathi. Banikezela kakhulu abasebenzi abaqala imisebenzi yabo kuhulumeni futhi banamathele ezinhlanganweni ezithinta izinhlelo ezifanayo zomhlalaphansi. Kukhona ukubuyisana phakathi kwezinhlelo zomhlalaphansi, kodwa abasebenzi bavame ukuphuma kahle ngokunamathela.

Kungani I-FERS idinga Umhlalaphansi Omncane Wokuthatha Umhlalaphansi?

Ngakho kungani amaFERS adinga i-MRA nhlobo?

Kulula nje, umsindo we-actuarial we-system uzobe usengozini uma i-MRA ingekho endaweni. Ukuzwakala komsindo kubalulekile ngoba kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kohlelo lokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwe-actuarial, uhlelo lokuthatha umhlalaphansi ekugcineni luphelelwa yimali ukukhokha imali yokuthatha umhlalaphansi.

Lapho abasebenzi abaningi bezombusazwe bezindla ngokuthatha umhlalaphansi, balinganisa lapho befinyelela ekufanelekeni kokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngokuqinile iminyaka yokusebenza. Uma isisebenzi sikahulumeni sifinyelela ku-MRA neminyaka engu-30 yokusebenza, isisebenzi sifaneleke ukuba siphume umhlalaphansi futhi ngaleyo ndlela sifinyelele isikhathi sakhe sokuthatha umhlalaphansi . Kubasebenzi abazalwa ngo-1970 noma kamuva, abasebenzi kumele babe neminyaka engu-57 ubudala beneminyaka engu-30 yokusebenza.

Kodwa kuthiwani uma i-MRA ingekho? Ake sibone isibonelo. Ikolishi elifundela iziqu eminyakeni engu-22 ubudala futhi ngokushesha liqala ukusebenza uhulumeni wesifundazwe. Lapho uneminyaka engu-52, lesi sisebenzi sineminyaka engu-30 yenkonzo; Nokho, akakwazi ukuhlala umhlalaphansi iminyaka emihlanu ngoba i-MRA yakhe ingu-57.

Lesi simo sibonelela phakathi kwabasebenzi bakahulumeni. Abaningi baqala imisebenzi yabo yomphakathi ngemuva kwekolishi , bahlala bezungeza iminyaka embalwa, kanti umholo omkhulu ekupheleni kwemisebenzi yabo ubagcina kuhulumeni. I-MRA esibonelweni esingenhla igcina lesi sisebenzi sisebenzela futhi sinikela ngenqubo yomhlalaphansi iminyaka emihlanu eyengeziwe.

Lokhu kuphumelela ukuguqula iminyaka engu-10 ohlelweni lomhlalaphansi. Izuza iminyaka eminingi yemali futhi igweme izinkokhelo zeminyaka emihlanu. I-caveat ebalulekile lapha ukuthi yingxenye encane yabasebenzi bakahulumeni abahola umhlalaphansi ngesikhathi esifanelekile, kodwa i-MRA ye-FERS isabalulekile.

Iyakwenqabela abasebenzi ukuba bashiye umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kokuba bafike eminyakeni ethile, futhi lokho kusho ukuthi izinkokhelo ezincane zesikweletu zihamba kancane.

Ngaphandle kwe-MRA, ama-FERS ayodinga ukwandisa iminikelo yabasebenzi noma ukunciphisa izinzuzo zokuthatha umhlalaphansi ukuze aqhubeke nokusebenza. I-MRA isiza uhulumeni wesifundazwe ukuthi alondoloze uhlelo lwe-retrait sound lwempilo oluhlinzekela izinzuzo ezathenjiswa abaqashile lapho beyizisebenzi.