Isikhumbuzo Sosuku
Usuku lweSikhumbuzo usuku lokukhumbula nokuhlonipha abasebenzi basezempi abafa enkonzweni yezwe labo, ikakhulu labo abafa empini noma ngenxa yamanxeba aqhubeka empini. Ngesikhathi labo abafayo bekhunjulwa ngoSuku lweVeterans, uSuku lweVeteran usuku olubekwa eceleni lokubonga nokuhlonipha LONKE labo abakhonza ngokuhlonipha empini - ngesikhathi sokulwa noma ngesikhathi sokuthula.
Umlando weSuku Lesikhumbuzo
Eminyakeni emithathu emva kweMpi Yombango , ngoMeyi 5, 1868, inhloko yenhlangano ye-Union veterans - i-Grand Army yeRiphabhliki (GAR) - yasungula uSuku Lokwahlulela njengesikhathi sokuba isizwe sihlobise amathuna empi efile ngezimbali. UMnuz. Gen. John A. Logan umemezele ukuthi iDemoration Day kufanele ihlonishwe ngoMeyi 30. Kukholelwa ukuthi usuku lukhethiwe ngoba izimbali zizoqhakaza lonke izwe. Isigubhu esikhulu sokuqala sabanjwa ngalolo nyaka e-Arlington National Cemetery.
Imikhosi eyayisondelene ne-veranda yokulila yendlu ka-Arlington, kanye nekhaya lika-Gen. Robert E. Lee. Abaphathi abahlukahlukene baseWashington, kuhlanganise noGen noNksz Ulysses S. Grant, babengamele imikhosi. Ngemuva kwezinkulumo, izingane ezivela ekhaya lezintandane zakwaSardier and Sailors kanye namalungu e-GAR ahamba emathuneni, ahambisa izimbali emathuneni aseNyunyana naseConsteredate, imithandazo yokukhumbula nokucula izingoma.
Ukuhlonipha imihlatshelo enesibindi zombili zompi naleli holide yesizwe kwakuyindlela yokuba isizwe sethu siphulule emva kweminyaka eminingi yeMpi Yombango.
Imikhosi Yendawo Yokumangalelwa Yokuba Ngokuqala
Isikhathi sasekuseni sasekhaya sibhekana ne-Civil War efile kakade sasibekwe ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Enye yeyokuqala eyenziwa eColumbus, Miss., Ngo-Ephreli 25, 1866, lapho iqembu labesifazane livakashela amathuna ukuhlobisa amathuna aseStranslate ayewa empini eShilo.
Eduze kwakukhona amathuna amaSulumane aseNyunyana, enganakwa ngoba ayeyisitha. Ephazamisekile lapho bebona amathuna angenalutho, labesifazane bafaka ezinye zezimbali zabo kulawo mathuna, futhi.
Namuhla, amadolobha aseNyakatho naseNingizimu asho indawo yokuzalwa yeSikhumbuzo ngo-1866. Bobabili iMacon noColumbus, uGa., Bathi lesi sihloko, kanye noRichmond, Va. Umzana waseBoalsburg, uPa., Uthi kukhona eminyakeni emibili ngaphambili. Ilitshe eCarbondale, Ill., Emathuneni lithatha isitatimende sokuthi umkhosi wokuqala weDemoration Day wenziwa khona ngo-Ephreli 29, 1866. UCarbondale kwakuyikhaya lempi likaGeneral Logan. Izindawo ezingaba ngu-25 ziye zaqanjwa ngokuphathelene nomsuka weSikhumbuzo Sosuku, abaningi babo eNingizimu lapho abaningi bempi abafile bembelwe khona. Kuphephile ukusho ukuthi iSikhumbuzo seSikhumbuzo seSikhumbuzo sakhula ngaphakathi emiphakathini naseMelika futhi sathuthuka eholidini.
Indawo Yokuzalwa Esemthethweni Yemezelwa
Ngo-1966, iCongress kanye noMengameli uLyndon Johnson bamemezela i-Waterloo, NY, "indawo yokuzalwa" yeSikhumbuzo. Lapho, umkhosi ngoMeyi 5, 1866, abahlonishwayo bezilwane zasendaweni abaye balwa e-Civil War. Amabhizinisi avaliwe kanti izakhamuzi zashayela amafulege kwabasebenzi abasha. Abasekeli besimangalo sika-Waterloo bathi imikhosi yasekuqaleni kwezinye izindawo yayingakahleleki, hhayi emphakathini noma eminye isikhathi.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, iMikhosi yeSikhumbuzo yayiqhutshwa ngoMeyi 30 kulo lonke izwe. Izishayamthetho zombuso zadlulisa izimemezelo ezichaza usuku, kanye nemigomo yezempi yaseMelika kanye neNavy yemukela ukugcinwa okufanele ezindaweni zazo.
Nokho, kwakungakaze kube ngemva kweMpi Yezwe I ukuthi lolo suku lwandiswe ukuze ludumise labo abaye bafa kuzo zonke izimpi zaseMelika. Ngo-1971, iSikhumbuzo sathiwa yiholidi kazwelonke ngesenzo seCongress. Kwabe sekubekwa ngoMsombuluko odlule ngoMeyi, njengamanye amaholide asebusweni.
Amanye amazwe anemikhosi ye-Confederate
Izifunda eziningi zaseNingizimu zinezinsuku zazo zokuhlonipha i-Confederate efile. I-Mississippi igubha uSuku lwe-Confederate Memorial ngoMsombuluko odlule ka-Ephreli, e-Alabama ngoMsombuluko wesine ka-Ephreli, naseGeorgia ngo-Ephreli 26. eNyakatho naseNingizimu Carolina bayigcina ngoMeyi 10, eLouisana ngoJuni 3 noTennessee kubiza ngalolo suku usuku lweChristian Decoration.
I-Texas igubha usuku lwe-Confederate Heroes ngoJanuwari 19 noVirginia kubiza ngoMsombuluko odlule ngoMsombuluko we-Confederate Memorial.
Umyalo ka Gen. Gen. Logan wokuthungatha amathuna ngo-1868 "ngezimbali ezihle kunazo zonke zasentwasahlobo" wanxusa: "Kufanele siqaphe amathuna abo ngokuqapha okungcwele. ... Vumela izindlela ezijabulisayo zimemele ukuza nokuhamba kwezivakashi ezihloniphayo nabathandekayo abafayo. Makungabikho ukunganakwa, ukuchitha isikhathi, ukufakazela izizukulwane ezizayo noma ezizayo ukuthi sikhohliwe njengabantu abantu izindleko ze-republic ekhululekile neyodwa. "
Isixuku esiya emkhosini wokuqala weSikhumbuzo e- Arlington National Cemetery sasilingana nobukhulu obufana nalabo abaya emkhosini wanamuhla, abangaba ngu-5 000. Khona-ke, njengamanje, amafulege amancane aseMelika abekwe ethuneni ngalinye, isiko elilandelwa emathuneni amaningi kazwelonke namuhla. Eminyakeni yamuva, umkhuba usukhule emikhayeni eminingi ukuhlobisa amathuna abo bonke abathandekayo abashiyiwe.
Isikhathi Sikazwelonke Sokukhunjulwa
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imihlatshelo yamaqhawe aseMelika awilehliwe akalokothi akhohlwe, ngoDisemba 2000, i-US Congress yadlula futhi umongameli wangena emthethweni, umthetho weNational Remembrance Act, ekwakheni i-White House Commission ku-National Moment of Remembrance. Umqulu wekhomishana ukukhuthaza abantu base-United States ukuba banikeze okuthile ezweni labo, elibahlinzeka ngenkululeko nenethuba elikhulu, ngokukhuthaza nokuxhumanisa izikhumbuzo e-United States of Day Memorial kanye neNational Moment of Remembrance.
Isikhathi Sikazwelonke Sokukhunjulwa sikhuthaza bonke abaseMelika ukuthi bayeke isikhashana lapho bekhona ngo-3 ntambama nesikhathi sendawo eSikhumbuzweni ngomzuzu wokuthula ukuze bakhumbule futhi bahloniphe labo abaye bafa enkonzweni yesizwe. Njengomsunguli weNkumbulo uKarmella LaSpada uthi: "Yindlela esingasiza ngayo sonke ukubeka isikhumbuzo emuva eSikhumbuzweni."
Iningi le-athikili engenhla lihlonishwa yi-Veterans Administration (VA)