Izixhumanisi ZokuPhenya Amaphoyisa Asebenza Kokuhlupheka Kwezempilo
Ucwaningo olunzima lukaDokotela John Violanti, uprofesa wemithi yezenhlalo nokuvimbela eNyuvesi yaseBuffalo School of Health Public and Health Professionals uqinisekise lokhu.
Iqiniso liwukuthi amaphoyisa angase ahlupheke kakhulu kunempilo yabantu abaningi.
Kunezici ezimbili eziyinhloko ezitholakale zihlotshaniswa neziningi zezikhulu zezindaba zezempilo ezibhekene nazo: umsebenzi wokushintsha nokucindezeleka. Umsebenzi wokushiya ubhekwa njengamahora asebenza ngaphandle kwamahora ajwayelekile emini, ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-7: 00 ekuseni no-6: 00. Ngokuqinisekile, ukucindezeleka kuyaqondakala ukuthi kuyisiphetho somuntu ezenzweni zangaphandle, izimo, nezigameko, ezibizwa ngokuthi ukucindezeleka.
Akukho Ukuphumula Kwabanenkinga
Izindaba ezimbi, uma kukhona izinto ezimbili zomthetho abenzi bomthetho banokuningi, bangumsebenzi wokushintsha nokucindezeleka. Lokhu kwenezela ekutheni kube nezinkinga eziningi zempilo phansi komgwaqo wamaphoyisa.
Ngokwe-Bureau of Labor Statistics yase-United States i-Bureau of Labor Statistics, kunezigidi ezingaba ngu-15 zaseMelika, noma amaphesenti ayisishiyagalolunye emisebenzi yabasebenzi, abasebenza amahora angajwayelekile noma angavamile.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, iningi lamaphoyisa linikezwe umsebenzi wokushintsha umsebenzi, noma ukushintshela phakathi nokuphuma ebusuku noma ukusebenza ngokugcwele.
Ishift Work and Issues Issues
Ngakho yimuphi inkinga ngomsebenzi wokushintsha? Ngelinye igama, ulale. Wonke umuntu uyayidinga, kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu owutholayo. Amaphoyisa aphakathi kwalabo abathola okungenani.
Ngokusho kukaDokotela Claire Caruso noDokotela Roger Rosa, abacwaningi e-National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, abantu badinga ukulala ngendlela efanayo lapho bedinga khona ukudla namanzi.
Ukulala Kuyadingeka, Akuyona Inhlobo
Ukulala, njengoba noma ubani owake wakhathala angakufakazela, kuyisidingo esingokwemvelo. Ukulala ngokomoya kubalulekile ekugcineni impilo, impilo ephephile kanye nokuphepha emsebenzini. Uma sikhathele noma sikhathele, ikhono lethu lokwenza izinqumo liyancipha futhi isimiso sethu somzimba sokuvikela omzimba singavinjelwe. Siphinde sibe engozini enkulu yokugula ngengqondo nangokwengqondo.
Shift Work and Pattern Patterns
Umsebenzi we-shift uthinta amaphethini okulala ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Okokuqala, ngokusho kukaDkt. Caruso noDkt. Rosa, abantu bakunzima ukulala lapho sekumnyama. Ngeshwa, ukusebenza ngesikhathi samahora angajwayelekile kudinga ukulala ngesikhathi samahora ajwayelekile. Inkinga yukuthi ubusuku bokusebenza nezinsuku zokulala ziphikisana ne-biology yethu.
Akusiko kungokwemvelo ukuba sikhuphuke futhi sisebenze phakathi nobusuku, okwenza kube nomuzwa wokukhathala noma ngisho nokukhathala ngokusebenzisa ushintsho. Ngokufanayo, akuyona into engokwemvelo ukuba silale phakathi namahora omusi, okwenza kube nzima ukuwa futhi silale ubusuku.
Ngaphezu kwenkinga yezinto eziphilayo ezithinta ukulala phakathi nosuku, kunezinkinga ezingokoqobo nezokungena, futhi. Amaphoyisa anemindeni noma ahlala nabantu abasebenza amahora avamile ayovame ukuthola ukulala kwabo kuphazanyiswe abanye abantu ekhaya, abaqondakalayo baphapheme lapho izikhulu zingekho. Ngisho noma behlala bodwa, umsindo ohambelana nemisebenzi ejwayelekile yansuku zonke ingabavimbela ukulala kwansuku zonke.
Izinkinga zezeMpilo ezivela ebuthakatheni obubi
NgokukaDkt. Rosa noDkt. Caruso, ukungabi nobuthongo nokukhubazeka okungapheli kubangela izinkinga ezihlukahlukene zempilo ezifana nalezi:
- Ukwehlisa amandla engqondo
- Ukunciphisa amasosha omzimba
- Ukucindezeleka
- Ukulimala okuhlobene nomsebenzi
- Ubuhlobo obuhle
- Isifo senhliziyo
- I-Cancer
- Izinkinga zemizwelo
Ukusebenza kweShift nokuPhila Komndeni
Ngaphandle kwezimpikiswano zokulala, noma kunjalo, ukusebenza komsebenzi kungabangela ubunzima obukhulu ebuhlotsheni bomuntu kanye nempilo yomndeni .
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukushintshwa okungapheli noma okujikelezayo, ezinye izikhulu zingase zihambe amasonto noma ngisho nezinyanga ngesikhathi ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi semfanelo nabangani babo nemindeni ngenxa yesimiso somsebenzi kanye namaphethini okulala.
I-BCOPS
Abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseBuffalo basebenzisana eduze noMnyango Wezepolitiki weBuffalo ukukhiqiza isifundo se-Buffalo Cardio-Metabolic Occupational Police Stress (BCOPS), eshicilelwe kuyi-International Journal of Emergency Health Mental. I-BCOPS ikhombisa ukuxhumana okuqinile phakathi kokucindezeleka kwamaphoyisa kanye nempilo embi.
Izidingo Eziphakeme, Ukucindezeleka Okuphezulu
Ucwaningo lwalubikezelwa ngenkolelo yokuthi izidingo eziphezulu zibekiwe ekusebenzisweni komthetho, okuzobe sekuholela ezinkingeni zempilo ezingapheli. Kuqondwa kabanzi ukuthi amaphoyisa abhekana nokucindezeleka okukhulu ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo nsuku zonke. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlangana kwamapholisa kunomphakathi akujabulisayo; Ngokungajwayelekile izikhulu zibizwa ngokuthi zinikeze izindaba ezinhle.
Izikhulu zidinga ukubhekana nezimo eziningi zokucindezeleka, kufaka phakathi izigcawu zokufa nokuqothulwa, izihlukumezi zomgwaqo, izingxabano, nokuhlukumezeka, ukuthukuthela, ukuthukuthela noma ukucindezeleka.
Ukwengeza kulokhu ukucindezela, ukungaqiniseki futhi yebo, ngisho nokwesaba, ukubuza ukuthi umuntu olandelayo abambisana naye uzoba nguye ozama ukuthatha impilo yakhe noma ngubani oyobacindezela ukuthatha impilo yomunye. Kulula ukucabanga ukuthi umsebenzi ungaba lula kangakanani.
Ukucindezeleka, Umsebenzi Wokuphoqelela Umthetho, kanye Nempilo
Ucwaningo lwe-BCOPS luveza ukulingana phakathi kokucindezeleka kwansuku zonke komsebenzi wamaphoyisa nokukhuluphala, ukuzibulala, ukulala kanye nomdlavuza. Kubuye kugcizelele ubudlelwane phakathi kokulala, umsebenzi wokuguquka, kanye nempilo yonke, okuphakamisa ukwanda kwe-syndrome ye-metabolic, okufaka ukukhuluphala kwesisu, ukucindezela kwegazi eliphezulu, uhlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela nokuphikisana ne-insulin kanye nokushaya kwesifo.
Ucwaningo lukaDkt. Violanti lwaveza okutholwe okuthakazelisayo:
- Amaphesenti angu-40 ekhululekile ayeqhathaniswa nokuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-32 abantu abaningi.
- Amaphesenti angama-25 eziphathimandla abonise izibonakaliso zesifo somzimba uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-18.7 abantu abaningi.
- Amaphoyisa abhekene nengozi eyengeziwe ye-Hodgkin's lymphoma nomdlavuza womqondo ngemuva kweminyaka engu-30 yokusebenza.
- Izinga lokuzibulala lalingaphezu kwezikhathi eziyisishiyagalolunye phakathi kwabasebenzi abasebenza ngokusebenza komthetho ngokuphambene nalabo ababesethathe umhlalaphansi noma abasuswe emaphoyiseni.
Yimisebenzi Engcolile, Kodwa Umuntu Ake Ayenze ...
Izingozi zezempilo ngaphandle, umphakathi udinga amaphoyisa. Omunye kufanele enze lo msebenzi, futhi eziningi zokucindezeleka eziza nalo akunakugwenywa. Kuyaziwa kahle ukuthi abenzi bokumisa umthetho bayingozi nakancane, ngaphandle kokubhekwa kwempilo embi.
Ukusebenza Emisebenzini Enempilo
Ngakho-ke, izikhulu zingenzani ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka nezinkinga zayo ezihambisanayo nokwandisa amathuba abo ekuphileni okujabulisayo nokuphilile? Nazi amathiphu ambalwa avela ku-National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health:
- Uma usebenza umsebenzi wokushintsha, vumela isikhathi esanele sokuthola ubuthongo obufanele phakathi kwezinguquko.
- Hlala kude nokudla okunzima nokuphuza utshwala ngaphambi kokulala.
- Nciphisa ukudla kwakho kwe-caffeine futhi uhlale kude ne-caffeine nezinye izinto ezivuselela amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuba uzame ukulala.
- Khetha indawo enokuthula, emnyama, epholile futhi ekhululekile ukulala, ikakhulukazi uma ulala ngesikhathi samahora ajwayelekile.
- Yidla ukudla okunempilo nokulinganisela.
- Yakha futhi ugcine isimiso sokuzivocavoca ukuze unciphise ukucindezeleka, uthuthukise impilo yakho futhi ikusize ulale.
- Uma uthola ukuthi unenkinga yokubhekana nokucindezeleka komsebenzi noma ukuthola ukulala ngokwanele, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ochwepheshe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kungani Kufanele Usebenze Emthethweni?
Ngayo yonke ingcindezi kanye nezindaba ezikhona zezempilo eziza nomsebenzi, kungani umuntu angakhetha ukusebenza emsebenzini wokusebenzisa umthetho? Iqiniso liwukuthi ngombono omuhle, onempilo nokulala okuhle nokuzivocavoca, abasebenza emthethweni bangaba mnandi futhi bazuze .
Abasebenzi bephoyisa banganikeza izinzuzo eziningi, kokubili okubonakalayo nokungabonakali, futhi kukhona phakathi kwemisebenzi ekhokhelwayo ephezulu kakhulu kwezobugebengu kanye nobulungiswa bezobugebengu . Yiqiniso, ukucabanga nokuzidela kudla indima. Uma ucabanga ukuthi unakho okudingekayo, ukusebenza njengephoyisa kungase kube ngumsebenzi ophelele wezobugebengu kuwe.