Incazelo
Uma ebuzwa, i-POW iyadingeka yi- Conventions yase-Geneva ne-CoC futhi ivunyelwe yi-UCMJ, ukunikeza igama, isikhundla, inamba yesevisi, nosuku lokuzalwa.
Ngaphansi kwemihlangano yaseGeneva, isitha asinalo ilungelo lokuzama ukuphoqa i-POW ukuthi inikeze noma yiluphi ulwazi olwengeziwe. Kodwa-ke, akunangqondo ukulindela ukuthi i-POW ihlale ivalwe iminyaka edlulisela igama kuphela, isikhundla, inamba yesevisi, nosuku lokuzalwa. Kunezimo eziningi ze-POW camp lapho izinhlobo ezithile zokuxoxa nesitha zivunyelwe. Isibonelo, i-POW ivunyelwe, kepha ayidingekile yi-CoC, i-UCMJ, noma i-Conventions yase-Geneva, ukugcwalisa i-"Capture Card" ye-Geneva Conventions, ukubhala izincwadi ekhaya nokuxhumana nabathumbi ezindabeni zokuphathwa kwekamu kanye nempilo kanye nenhlalakahle.
I-POW ephakeme idinga ukumelela amanye ama-POWs ezindabeni zokuphathwa kwekamu, impilo, inhlalakahle kanye nezikhalazo. Kodwa-ke, i-POWs kufanele ihlale ikhumbula ukuthi isitha sevame ukubheka i-POWs njengemithombo ebalulekile yolwazi lwezempi kanye nenkulumo-ze engayisebenzisa ekuqhubekeleni phambili impi yabo.
Ngakho-ke, i-POW ngayinye kumele iqaphele ngokuqedela "ikhadi lokubamba," lapho uhlanganyela ekukhulumisaneni okugunyaziwe ne-captor, nalapho ubhala izincwadi. I-POW kumele inqabe, igweme, noma igweme, ngisho noma ingcindezi ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, yonke imizamo yesitha yokuthola izitatimende noma izenzo ezingase zenze imbangela yesitha.
Izibonelo zezitatimende noma izenzo ze-POWs kufanele zimelane nokufaka ukuvuma ngomlomo noma okubhalwe phansi; okwenza ukurekhoda kwe-propaganda nokusabalalisa izikhalazo kwamanye ama-POWs ukuze ahambisane nezidingo ezingafanele ze-captor; ecela ukuzinikela kwe-US noma i-parole; ukuzibandakanya ngokuzigxeka; nokunikeza izitatimende zomlomo noma ezibhaliwe noma ezokuxhumana egameni lesitha noma ezilimaza i-United States, izinhlangano zayo, izinhlangano ezihlomile, noma ezinye i-POWs. Abathumba babesebenzisa izimpendulo ze-POWs kumbuzo onomuntu siqu, imibuzo, noma umlando womuntu siqu ukudala izitatimende ezingafanele njengalezo ezibalwe ngenhla.
I-POW kufanele iqaphele ukuthi isitha singasebenzisa noma yikuphi ukuvuma noma isitatimende njengengxenye yokumangalelwa kwamanga ukuthi inkohlakalo iyisigebengu sempi kunokuba i-POW. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazwe athile enze ukubhuka emibuthanweni yaseGeneva (irekhodi (g)) lapho bethi ukukholelwa kwecala lokulwa nempi kunomphumela wokulahla umuntu oboshwe ngesimo se-POW. Lawa mazwe angase athi i-POW isusiwe ekuvikeleni ngaphansi kwereferensi (g) futhi ilungelo lokubuyela ekhaya liye lahlehliswa kuze kube yilapho umuntu efaka isigwebo sejele.
Uma i-POW ithola ukuthi, ngokucindezelwa okukhulu, ngokungahambisani noma ngokungazi ukuthi ilwazi elingagunyaziwe, ilungu leNkonzo kufanele lizame ukululama futhi lilonde ngomzila omusha wokuzivikela kwengqondo.
Ukwaziswa kwe-POW kubonise ukuthi nakuba izikhathi zokucwaninga zesitha zingase zibe nzima futhi zihlukumezeke, ngokuvamile kuvame ukumelana uma kunesifiso sokumelana.
Indlela engcono kakhulu ye-POW ukugcina ukholo ne-United States, ama-POWs ahambisana nabo, futhi ukunikeza isitha ngolwazi oluncane ngangokunokwenzeka.
Yisiphi isisebenzi samaMpi Okudingeka Siyazi
Ngokuqondile, amalungu eSevisi kufanele:
- Yazi kahle izici ezihlukahlukene zenqubo yokucwaninga, izigaba zayo, izinqubo, izindlela, kanye namasu okuphenywa, nezinhloso zombuzo, amandla, kanye nobuthakathaka.
- Qonda ukuthi iMivumelwano YaseGeneva neCoC idinga i-POW ukuthi idalule igama, i-rank, inombolo yesevisi, nosuku lokuzalwa lapho ebuzwa. Qonda ukuthi i-POW kumele igweme ukuphendula imibuzo eminye. I-POW igqugquzelwa ukukhawulela ukudalulwa okuqhubekayo ngokusebenzisa amasu okuphikisa njengokuthi akakwazi ukunikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe ngenxa yamyalo wangaphambilini, inkumbulo embi, ukungazi, noma ukuntula ukuqonda. I-POW ingeke izinikele ngokuzithandela ngolwazi olwengeziwe lwe-captor kodwa kufanele lwenqabe ukwenza kanjalo, noma ngabe luhilela ukucindezeleka kwengqondo nokusemzimbeni.
- Qonda ukuthi kufushane kokufa; akunakwenzeka ukuthi i-POW ingavimbela umbuzo wezitha onamandla, isebenzisa zonke izindlela zokweqisa ezingokwengqondo nezokwenyama ezitholakalayo, ekutholeni izinga lokuthobela i-POW ngezimfuno ze-captor. Kodwa-ke, qonda ukuthi uma umbuzo efaka ilungu leNsizakalo engadluli ekukhuthazeleni okukhulu, i-POW kumele ibuyele ("ukubuyisela emuva") ngokushesha futhi inqabe umzamo ngamunye wokulandelela wokuxhaphaza ngokuzenzekelayo. Qonda ukuthi impendulo ephoqelelwe kwelinye iphuzu ayigunyazi ukuhambisana nokuqhubeka. I-POW kumele imelane nokuphendula futhi esimisweni esilandelayo sokuphenya.
- Qonda ukuthi i-CoC igunyaza i-POW ukuthi ikhulume nomphathi wezindaba zezempilo noma zenhlalakahle ngayinye futhi, uma kusebenza, ezindabeni ezijwayelekile zokuphathwa kwekamu. Izingxoxo kulawo VI. akubhekwa sengathi unikeza ulwazi olungagunyaziwe.
- Qonda ukuthi i-POW ingahlinzeka ngolwazi olulinganiselwe ngesimo somndeni nekheli ekuqedeni ikhadi le-Conventions yaseGeneva.
- Qaphela ukuthi i-POW ingabhala izincwadi zokuxhumana.
- Qaphela ukuthi i-captor izoba nokufinyelela okugcwele kokubili ulwazi ekhadini lokuthunjwa kanye nokuqukethwe koxhumana nabo.
- Yazi izizathu ze-captor nezindlela zokuzama ukubandakanya i-POWs kokubili imisebenzi yangaphakathi neyangaphandle ye-propaganda. Qonda ukuthi i-POW kumele isebenzise zonke izindlela ezitholakalayo ukugwema ukubamba iqhaza emisebenzini enjalo futhi akumelwe wenze izitatimende zomlomo noma ezibhaliwe zingathembeki e-United States noma ezihlangene zayo, noma zilimaze amanye ama-POWs.
- Yazi izizathu ze-captor nezindlela zokuzama uku-indoctrinate kwe-POWs kwezombusazwe. Yazi kahle izindlela zokulwa nokufundiswa okunjalo.
- Qonda ukuthi ngisho nangenkathi iphoqelelwe ngaphezu kwegama, isikhundla, insizakalo, usuku lokuzalwa, kanye nezicelo zokukhubazeka, kungenzeka ukuphazamisa imizamo yombuzo wokuthola ulwazi oluwusizo ngokusebenzisa ama-ruses athile engeziwe kanye namacatagems.
- Qonda futhi uthuthukise ukuzethemba ekukwazi ukusebenzisa kahle ama-ruses nama-stratagems aklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukuphenywa okuphumelelayo.
Izinhlinzeko ezikhethekile zabasebenzi bezokwelapha kanye namaphutha (izihloko V no-VI).
Lezi zihloko kanye nezincazelo zayo zisebenza nakwabasebenzi bezokwelapha kanye nabafundi ("abagcinwe abasebenzi"). Kudingeka baxoxe nomphathi we-captor ngokuphathelene nemithwalo yabo yemithwalo yemisebenzi, ngokuhambisana nokuvimbela okukhulunywa ngakho ku-Article I, V, no-VI.