UkuPhathwa kweProjekthi: Incazelo
'Ukuphatha' emigomo yokuphatha iphrojekthi kubhekisela ezinkambisweni, izinqubo, izindinganiso, izinqubo, kanye nemikhombandlela enquma ukuthi izinhlelo ziholwa kanjani, zilawulwa futhi zilawulwa yinhlangano yakho.
Ukubusa kungabanzi futhi 'kunzima' ngezikhundla eziningi, noma ukudweba nokukhanya '(okungenzeka ukuthi akufaneleki kahle).
Abaphathi kufanele bahlose izinga elifanele lokubusa imvelo kanye namasiko abo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqubomgomo zakho zokubusa zifanelwe ngenhloso kuyisici esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ziyasebenza.
Ukubusa kuqala phezulu. Ibhodi lezinkampani kumele lizibophezele emcimbini wokubusa kahle kanye nokuthi amaphrojekthi kufanele aphathwe kahle, ngaphakathi kwemikhombandlela ecacisiwe. Lesi simo sengqondo nezindinganiso ezilindelwe kuzohlunga phansi kumaBhodi weProjekthi nabaholi bephrojekthi (namaqembu ohlelo, lapho lakhona khona).
Kungani Kubalulekile Ukuphatha Imisebenzi
Umxhasi wakho wephrojekthi nabanye abathintekayo abalulekile bafuna ukwazi ukuthi usebenzisa imali yesabelomali ngendlela efanele. Bafuna ukubona ukuthi ulandelela inqubekela phambili yephrojekthi yakho ngokuphumelelayo futhi ungena ekulawuleni ingozi yephrojekthi uma kudingeka.
Kodwa isisekelo sokubusa okuhle kumaphrojekthi kuqhubeka ngaphezu kwalokho.
Ukubusa kudinga amakhasimende, ikakhulukazi labo abasemkhakheni womphakathi.
Ohulumeni kanye nabaqondisi bacela (futhi kwezinye izimo, baqaphele) izindinganiso ezithile zamaphrojekthi athile. Ukuphatha akuyona inkinga yangaphakathi: izinkampani eziningi ezisebenza ezimakethe ezilawulwayo kuzomele zilandele umyalelo ovela emthethweni wangaphandle, njengoSarbanes-Oxley. Ukuphatha iphrojekthi kwenza ingxenye encane yokukwazi ukufakazela ukuthi inkampani yakho isebenze ngokuphumelelayo nangaphansi kokuqondiswa kanye nemigomo ecacisiwe yomkhakha wakho.
Ukubusa kwephrojekthi nakho kukusiza:
- Thuthukisa ukubuyela kwakho ekutshaleni futhi ulandelele kahle lezo zimali
- Thola ukungena kumaphrojekthi
- Gwema izizathu ezivamile zokuthi kungani amaprojekthi ehluleka
- Khulumisana ngempumelelo
- Yethula ukulinganisa kuwo wonke amaphrojekthi, okwenza kube lula ukuqhathanisa ukusebenza
- Ncipha ingozi
- Ukuthuthukisa nokugqugquzela abasebenzi endaweni ehlelekile
Yikuphi Ukubusa Kwephrojekthi Kubonakala Kubukeka
Ngakho manje siyazi ukuthi yikuphi ukubusa kweprojekthi, ukuthi kubonakala kanjani kumsebenzi? Nazi izinhlobo zemisebenzi ebonisa ukubusa endaweni yemvelo:
- Kukhona umjikelezo wokuphila wezinhlelo ezilawulwayo ohlanganisa amaphuzu achazwe ukuze avunyelwe. Lawa amaphuzu lapho kuxoxwa ngakho ukusebenza komsebenzi futhi kwenziwa isinqumo sokuthi uzoqhubeka nomsebenzi noma cha.
- Amaphrojekthi anecala lebhizinisi elicacile, futhi amacala ebhizinisi anolwazi olwanele ukunika amandla amaqembu okuphatha ukwenza izinqumo ezifanele.
- Lezo zinqumo ziqoshiwe ngokufanele futhi zihanjiswa.
- Abantu abasebenza emisebenzini bachaze indima nemithwalo yemfanelo.
- Kukhona isiko lokufunda okuqhubekayo okuvumela amaqembu ephrojekthi ukuba athuthuke ngokuqhubekayo futhi axoxisane nezifundo ezitholakala endaweni engenamacala.
- Kunezinqubo nezinqubo ezenza amaqembu ephrojekthi abuyekeze iphrojekthi yawo futhi acele ukusekelwa okuzimele uma kudingeka.
- Abathintekayo bahlanganyela futhi bathemba inqubo.
- Amaqembu ephrojekthi akhiwe ngabantu abanolwazi futhi abafanelekayo emisebenzini efanele.
Ukuphatha amaphrojekthi kuhlanganiswa nezakhiwo zokubusa enhlanganweni jikelele. Uma ucabanga ukuthi inhloso eyinhloko yokubusa kwephrojekthi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphrojekthi ayenziwa ngendlela efanele, ungabona ukuthi ihlobene kanjani nokubusa kwezimali ezingeni lezinkampani, ukulawulwa kwezinhlekelele ezinkampani nokuningi.
Ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi kufanele kufanelane ngokuzenzekelayo ezinkambweni zakho zamanje zenhlangano. Ngamanye amazwi, ungadala inqubo entsha yokuphathwa kwezimali uma usuvele unayo kwezinye izindawo! Sebenzisa okukhona okwamanje futhi wenze izinqubo zezinkampani ze-tweak ukuze zenzeke ukuthi zifanele ukuzisebenzisa emvelweni wephrojekthi.
Izindawo ezigxile ekubuseni kweProjekthi
Uma uqala ukubuka kulo, uzobona ukuthi ukubusa kwephrojekthi kugcwele kuzo zonke izici zokuphathwa kwephrojekthi.
Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izindawo ezigxile ekugxileni lapho ukubusa kubalulekile khona.
- Izindlela Nezinqubo: Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuletha umsebenzi ngokuthembekile nangokwethenjelwa.
- Ukuphathwa kolwazi: Lokhu kubalulekile ezifundweni ezifundwayo nokuqinisekisa ukuthi inhlangano ifunda ekuhlangenwe nakho kwephrojekthi. Ukuphathwa kolwazi kubalulekile uma ufuna ukuyeka ukwenza amaphutha afanayo izikhathi eziningi.
- Ukukhula kweProjekthi: Njengoba ukukhula komsebenzi wakho wokuhlela iphrojekthi kwanda, kanjalo nokukwazi kwakho ukuletha ngokuphumelelayo.
- Izinga eliphezulu lokuthenga: Ukuzibophezela ekubuseni kwephrojekthi kuqala phezulu. Uma unenkxaso yokuphatha, lokhu kuzokwehla kuwo wonke amazinga ebhizinisi futhi indlela yokubusa izosimama.
- Amasiko asekela: Isiko lokusekela, hhayi icala, lizoqinisekisa ukuthi abaphathi beprojekthi banendawo efanele yokuthi bayithume. Isiko lokusekela, esiholwa yiProject Management Office noma uMqondisi weProjekthi, sizosiza abaphathi beprojekthi ukuthi bafinyelele imigomo yabo kanye nalabo bephrojekthi.
Okufanele Ukwenze Uma Akukho Ejwayelekile Yenkampani
Abaphathi abaningi bephrojekthi ezinhlanganweni ezincane bazithola beqhuba amaphrojekthi kumvelo osekelayo, futhi lapho kukhona ukungena khona ngomqondo wokuphathwa kwephrojekthi, kodwa ngaphandle kwezakhiwo ezihlelekile zenhlangano endaweni okumele uyixhume ngayo.
Kuleso simo - futhi akuyona nje kuphela izinhlangano ezincane - uzobe uhlela imodeli yakho yokubusa iphrojekthi kusukela ekuqaleni. Uma kungekho indlela yokuphatha iphrojekthi ongayikhipha eshalofini bese uhambelana nephrojekthi yakho, kuzomele uzakhe ngokwakho.
Lokhu akunzima njengoba kungase kubonakale!
Qala ngokusetha okuyisisekelo:
- Yakha idokhumenti nemithwalo yemfanelo
- Qinisekisa ukuthi unomxhasi wephrojekthi
- Qinisekisa ukuthi uneBhodi leProjekthi noma iqembu eliqondisayo futhi uhlele imihlangano ejwayelekile oyithathayo futhi usakaze amaminithi
- Setha inqubo yokulawulwa kwezinhlekelele
- Setha inqubo yokuphatha ushintsho
- Yakha amaphuzu ohlelweni lwakho lwephrojekthi lapho uhlola khona ukusebenza kwephrojekthi ngokumelene nemigomo yangempela yenkampani yebhizinisi (ekupheleni kwesigaba ngasinye sesigaba kungumqondo wemvelo wokubeka lezi zheke).
Ekugcineni kungumthwalo womxhasi wephrojekthi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona ukuphatha okwanele, kodwa abaphathi bephrojekthi bangakwazi futhi ukuthatha indima enkulu kulokhu.
Ukubusa kungase kube enye yezifundo ezinzima ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi kodwa kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu. Yindlela abaphathi abaphezulu abayazi ngayo ukuthi wenza umsebenzi omuhle futhi ubaqinisekisa ukuthi iphrojekthi iqala njengoba kufanele. Ibuye inikeze amasheke kanye nezilinganiso ezidingekayo ukuze abaphathi bazi ukuthi imali isetshenziswa ngezindlela ezifanele futhi ezihambisana necala lebhizinisi.