Ukukhishwa Kwezempi
Uma usayine isivumelwano sakho sokukhonza izwe lakho empini, unesibopho sokufeza leso sivumelwano njengoba amasosha ebophezelekile ukuhlinzeka umsebenzi, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kanye namazinyo, ithuba lokukhuthazwa, futhi ushiye (ukuvakasha). Kodwa-ke, isibopho selungu lomsebenzi ekusebenzeni kwakhe ehlomile siyaqhubeka kuze kube sekugcineni. Ngokujwayelekile, lesi sikhathi sithathwa ngokwemigomo yesivumelwano sokubhalisa, kepha ukuphela kokuqala kungaholela ngenxa yokuhlukana kokuphatha noma yokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe ngokusekelwe ekuziphatheni okuqondile okuyingxenye yelungu lezevisi.
Akukho ndawo ebomvu kokulungile noma okungalungile empini. Impi kanye nemithetho yombuso iyasebenza futhi ingabhekiswa kwiKhodi Elingavamile Yezobulungiswa BaseMpi (UCMJ).
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlukana okuqala ezinikezwa amabutho ahlomile e-United States ukuba asebenze-amalungu: ukukhishwa kwezijeziso nokuhlukana kokuphatha.
Ukukhishwa kwesijeziso. Ukukhishwa kwesigwebo kunesijeziso esigunyaziwe sezinkantolo-ukulwa futhi kunganikwa kuphela isigwebo esivunyelwe enkantolo ngokulandela ukugwetshwa kwephula i- UCMJ . Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokukhishwa kwezijeziso: Ukukhishwa Okungaqondakali (DD) - okungaqondiswa kuphela yinkantolo ejwayelekile futhi kuhlukaniswe ngaphansi kwezimo ezingenakuhlonishwa; kanye nokuKhipha Ukuziphatha Okubi (BCD) - okungaqondiswa yinkantolo-jikelele noma inkantolo ekhethekile futhi kuhlukaniswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezingenakuhlonishwa.
Ukuhlukaniswa kokuphatha. Ukuhlukana kokuphatha akukwazi ukunikezelwa yinkantolo yenkantolo futhi akulona isijeziso semvelo. Abasebenzi ababhalisiwe bangahle bahlukaniswe ngokuziphatha ngokuhlukaniswa kwemisebenzi (ukuhlukaniswa okubonakalayo) noma incazelo yokuhlukaniswa njengoba kuqinisekiswe ngamaqiniso athile.
Izinhlobo zokuKhipha zixhomeke ekuphatheni okwenziwa yiNsizakalo
Ukuzihlukanisa ngokuhlukaniswa kusekelwe enkonzweni yelungu, kufaka phakathi isizathu sokuhlukanisa nesiqondiso ngezansi. Isosha lempi linquma "ikhwalithi yenkonzo" ngokuhambisana namazinga wokuziphatha komuntu siqu okwamukelekayo nokusebenza komsebenzi wezempi ezitholakala e- Code Uniform of Justice Jikelele (UCMJ) kanye nemithethonqubo ekhishwe uMnyango Wezokuvikela kanye neMinyango Yezempi, futhi amasiko nemikhuba yokuhlonishwa yesikhathi sempi.
Ikhwalithi yenkonzo yelungu emsebenzini osebenzayo noma umsebenzi osebenzayo wokuqeqesha uthinteka kabi ngokuziphatha okungokwemvelo okuletha ukuhlambalaza eMisebenzini Yezempi noma kubangele ukuhleleka nokuhleleka, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuziphatha kuhambisana no-UCMJ igunya. Ukuzibandakanya kungase kusekelwe ekuziphatheni komphakathi, futhi umthwalo ummangalelwa ukukhombisa ukuthi ukuziphatha okunjalo akuzange kuthinte insizakalo yommangalelwa.
I-Military ibheka izizathu zokuhlukaniswa, kufaka phakathi izimo ezithile ezakha isisekelo sokuhlukaniswa, ngokuphathelene nokuhlukaniswa kwesigaba.
Njengendaba evamile, imithethonqubo idinga ukuthi amasosha akhombise ukuhlukaniswa kwesimo sendlela yokuziphatha kunesigameko esisodwa. Nokho, kunezimo, lapho ukuziphatha noma ukusebenza komsebenzi okuboniswa isenzakalo esisodwa kuhlinzeka ngesisekelo sokuhlukanisa izici.
Izinhlobo zokuKhipha
Ohloniphekile. Ukuhlonishwa okuhloniphekile kulungile uma izinga lomsebenzi welungu liye lahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuziphatha okwamukelekayo nokusebenza komsebenzi wezempi, noma kungenye indlela ehloniphekile ukuthi noma yikuphi okunye okubonakalayo kungacacile.
Jikelele (ngaphansi kwezimo ezihloniphekile). Uma insizakalo yelungu ithembekile futhi ithembekile, kufanelekile ukuchaza leyo nsizakalo ngaphansi kwezimo ezihloniphekile. Ukufaniswa komsebenzi njengeGenerali (ngaphansi kwezimo ezihloniphekile) kuqinisekiswe lapho izici ezimbi ezibonakalayo zokuziphatha komlungu noma ukusebenza komsebenzi zidlula izici ezinhle zokuziphatha kombutho noma ukusebenza komsebenzi ngaphandle kwezinto ezinhle ezirekhodiwe.
Abantu abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukuhlukanisa ekupheleni kwesikhathi esivamile senkonzo kuqinisekisa ukukhishwa okuhloniphekile. Lokhu akunjalo. Zonke ukukhishwa kokuphatha kubheka ukuziphatha komuntu nokusebenza kwakhe. Iziphambeko eziningi kakhulu zokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe noma izilinganiso eziphansi zokubikwa komsebenzi zingabangela ukuthi jikelele (ngaphansi kwezimo ezihloniphekile) akhiphe.
Eminye Kunezimo Ezihloniphekile. I-OTH Ikhulula ifomu eliphansi kakhulu lokukhipha elilodwa elingathola ngokulawulwa. Lokhu kuqinisekisiwe lapho isizathu sokuhlukanisa sisekelwe esimweni sokuziphatha esenza ukuhamba okuphawulekayo ekuziphatheni okulindeleke kwamalungu eMisebenzi Yezempi, noma uma isizathu sokuhlukanisa sisekelwe kumsebenzi owodwa noma ngaphezulu owenza umsebenzi obalulekile Ukusuka ekuziphatheni okulindeleke kwamalungu eMisebenzi Yezempi.
Izibonelo zezinto ezingacatshangelwa zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla noma udlame ukukhiqiza ukulimala komzimba noma ukufa, ukuhlukunyezwa kwesimo esikhethekile sokuthembela, ukunganakwa ngumuntu ophakeme wobudlelwane obungokwezifiso eziphezulu, izenzo noma ukuyeka okufaka engozini ukuphepha I-United States noma impilo nenhlalakahle yamanye amalungu eMisebenzi Yezempi, kanye nezenzo noma ukushiya okuyimingcele okubeka engozini enkulu impilo kanye nokuphepha kwabanye abantu.
Ukukhishwa okungenakukhunjulwa. Kukhona umehluko phakathi kwe-OTH Ukukhishwa nokukhishwa okungenakukhunjulwa. I-OTH ayidingi isinqumo senkantolo ukuze ihambe empi, lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ngenqubo yokuphatha. Kodwa-ke, ukukhishwa okungenakuhlonishwa kuyindlela ephansi kunazo zonke yokukhipha ongayithola futhi kumele ivela enkundleni yenkantolo jikelele - ngamanye amagama - isilingo. Lezi zivame ukwenza izenzo zobugebengu eziholela ekuthunjweni okuhlonishwayo. Ngeke nje ushiye isosha ngaphandle kwezinzuzo zokukhonza, kodwa uzothatha nawe irekhodi lobugebengu elizobonakala ngabashayeli besikhathi esizayo.
Inqubo yokuKhipha. Ukuhlukaniswa kokuphatha kuya ezindaweni ezimbili eziyisisekelo: ukwehlukana ngokuzithandela nokuhlukaniswa okungazibandakanyi. Ukukhishwa ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokusebenza komuntu yisibonelo sokuhlukaniswa ngokuzithandela. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokuzikhukhumeza ngokuzibandakanya ayifinyelele ngqo. Umlawuli wamaphoyisa ukhetha ukhetho lokuphishekela ukuqhutshwa okungahambisani nokuzibophezela futhi azisa ummangalelwa ngokubhala.
Uma umlawuli ehola incwadi enezinamathiselo zommangalelwa, yena / yena uthola ukuthi noma aqhubeke yini nokuqhutshwa komthetho. Uma umlawuli ekhetha ukuqhubeka nebhodi lokukhishwa kwezokuphatha ubizwa (uma kudingeka). Uma ibhodi ingadingeki, umlawuli uyathumela iphakethe kumphathi wokugunyazwa (ngokuvamile umlawuli wokufaka) ukuze avunyelwe noma angamukeli ekugcineni.
Isiphathimandla sokuhlukanisa singacabangisisa ngezici ezilandelayo mayelana nokugcinwa noma ukuhlukaniswa, kuye ngezimo zecala:
- Ukungathí sina kwezimo ezenza isisekelo sokuqala kwezinqubo zokuhlukana, futhi umphumela wamalungu aqhubeka nokugcinwa ekulawulweni kwezempi, ukuhleleka okuhle nokuziphatha.
- Amathuba okuqhubeka noma okuphindaphindiwe kwezimo ezenza isisekelo sokuqala kwezinqubo zokuhlukana.
- Amathuba ukuthi ilungu lizoba yithonya eliphazamisayo noma elingathandeki emisebenzini yamanje noma yesikhathi esizayo.
- Ikhono lelungu lokwenza imisebenzi ngokuphumelelayo okwamanje nasesikhathini esizayo, kufaka phakathi amathuba okuthuthukisa noma ubuholi.
- Ikhono lokuvuselela ilunga.
- Idokhumenti yonke yezempi ilungu - konke.
Izigameko ezihlukanisiwe kanye nezenzakalo ezikude ngezikhathi ngokuvamile azizuzi kakhulu ekunqumeni ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kokuphatha kufanele kwenziwe. Ukusetshenziswa kwala marekhodi ngokuvamile kunomkhawulo kulawo mahlakalo afaka amaphethini wokuziphatha aboniswa isikhathi esengeziwe.
I-Board Management Discharge Board. IsiGungu Sokuhlukanisa sibeka eBhodi Yokuphatha okungenani abathathu abanolwazi olunikeziwe, abagunyazi, noma izikhulu ezingeziwe. Abasebenzi ababhalisiwe abaqokwe iBhodi kumele babe sebanga E-7 noma ngenhla, futhi kumele baphakamise ummangalelwa. Okungenani ilungu elilodwa leBhodi kumele likhonze ebangeni lika-O-4 noma ngaphezulu, futhi iningi lebhodi kumele lihanjiswe noma livumele izikhulu. Ilungu eliphakeme ngumongameli webhodi. I-Separation Authority nayo ingabhalela iBhodi umrekhodi ongavumeli ukuvota. Umeluleki wezomthetho ongabheki angase akhethwe ukusiza iBhodi.
Amalungelo ommangalelwa: Ummangalelwa angazifakazela yena ngokwakhe, ngokulandela imigomo ye-Article 31 (a), i-UCMJ (Ukuzikhethela). Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi phakathi nezinyathelo, ummangalelwa noma iseluleko angathumela indaba ebhaliwe noma erekhodiwe ukucubungulwa yiBhodi. Ummangalelwa noma iseluleko angabiza ofakazi egameni lakhe. Ummangalelwa noma iseluleko angase abuze noma yibuphi ubufakazi obonakala ngaphambi kweBhodi. Ummangalelwa noma iseluleko angethula ingxabano ngaphambi kokuthi iBhodi livale icala ukuze lixoxisane ngezinqumo nezincomo.
IBhodi liyadingeka ukunquma ukutholakala kwayo nezincomo ngezikhathi ezivaliwe. Amalungu okuvota kuphela ebhodi angase abe khona. Ibhodi inquma okulandelayo:
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi insolo ngayinye kwesaziso sokuhlukaniswa okuhlongozwayo kuxhaswe ukuphazamiseka kobufakazi.
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini okutholakele ivumela ukuhlukaniswa ngokuqondene nesizathu sokuhlukaniswa esivela kuSaziso. Uma kunezizathu ezingaphezu kweyodwa eziqukethwe eSaziso, kumele kube nokuzimisela okuhlukile kwesizathu ngasinye.
- Ibhodi yenza isincomo noma ukuhlukaniswa (Asinacala noma kungenacala).
- Uma iBhodi lincoma ukuhlukaniswa, kungancoma ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kumiswe okwesikhashana.
- Uma ukwehlukaniswa noma ukwehlukaniswa okwesikhashana kunconywa, iBhodi lincoma ukuhlukaniswa kwensizakalo noma incazelo yokuhlukaniswa.
Isisekelo Sokuhlukaniswa Okungavumelani. Kunezizathu eziningana umuntu angasetshenziselwa ukuhlukaniswa okuzimele. Ngezansi kukhona okuvame kakhulu:
Ubuzali. Ilungu lingase lihlukaniswe ngenxa yobuzali uma ngenxa yalokho kunqunywe ukuthi ilungu alikwazi ngokwanelisayo ukwenza imisebenzi yakhe noma alitholakali isabelo somhlaba wonke noma ukuthunyelwa. Ukucubungula ukuhlukana kungahle kuqalwe kuze kube yilapho ilungu selulekwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuphathelene nokuhluleka futhi linikezwe ithuba lokunqoba lezo zinsalela njengoba kuboniswe ukululekwa okufanele noma amarekhodi abasebenzi.
Isimo somzimba noma sengqondo. Abantu bangahle bahlukaniswe ngokuzikhethela ngesisekelo sezimo ezikhethwe ngokomzimba noma ezingokwengqondo, hhayi ukukhubazeka, okungahle kuphazamise isabelo noma ukusebenza komsebenzi. Imibandela enjalo ingabandakanya kodwa ayikhawulelwanga ku-seasickness engapheli noma ukushaya umoya, i-enuresis, kanye nokuphazamiseka komuntu. Ukuhlukaniswa ngesisekelo sobunzima bomuntu kugunyazwe kuphela uma ukuhlushwa kwengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, okuqediwe ngokuhambisana nezinqubo ezisungulwe uMnyango Wezempi othintekayo, kuphetha ngokuthi lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu kangangokuthi ikhono lelungu lokusebenza kahle empilweni yempi kakhulu ukukhubazeka. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesifo somuntu akufanelekile uma ukuhlukaniswa kudingeke ezinye izizathu. Isibonelo, uma ukuhlukaniswa kuvunyelwe ngesisekelo sokusebenza okunganeliseki noma ukungaziphathi kahle, ilungu ngokuvamile ngeke lihlukaniswe ngaphansi kwalesi sigaba kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona ukukhubazeka komuntu.
Ukukhubazeka. Ilungu lingase lihlukaniswe ukukhubazeka ngaphansi kwezihlinzeko ze-USC, iSahluko 6l (inkomba (n)). Ukuhlukanisa ukukhubazeka kuvame ukuholela ekuHlukeni okuHloniphekileko, noma kokuKwahlukaniswa kweNyathelo.
Ukubhaliswa okungalungile. Ilungu lingase lihlukaniswe ngesisekelo sokubhaliswa okungalungile, ukungeniswa, noma ukwandiswa kokubhaliswa. Ukubhaliswa, ukubhaliswa, noma ukunwetshwa kokubhaliswa kuyiphutha kulezi zimo ezilandelayo, uma: (1) Ngeke kwenzeke uma amaqiniso afanele awaziwa nguhulumeni noma abe nemigomo efanelekile elandelwe; (2) Akubanga umphumela wokuziphatha ngobuqili engxenyeni yelungu; futhi (3) Isiphambeko ashintshiwe ezindabeni ezibonakalayo.
Ukubhaliswa okungalungile. kuvame ukutholwa iHlonipheko eliHloniphekile, ngaphandle uma lifanelekile ukuhlukaniswa kwezinga lokungeniswa (izinsuku ezingaphansi kuka-180 zemisebenzi yempi).
Ukungena Ngokweqile Enkonzweni Yezempi. Ilungu lingase lihlukaniswe ngesisekelo sokuthengwa kwemisebenzi yokukhwabanisa, ukuchithwa, noma isikhathi senkonzo yamasosha ngokusebenzisa noma yikuphi okungaqondakali okungalungile okushiwo, ukwephulwa noma ukucasha ukuthi, uma kutholakala ngesikhathi sokubhaliswa, ukungeniswa, noma ukungena esikhathini inkonzo yezempi ingase ibangele ukulahlwa. Ukufaniswa kwensizakalo noma incazelo yokuhlukanisa kusekelwe ekurekhodweni kwenkonzo kanye nokuqina komnyango wokukhwabanisa. Uma ukukhwabanisa kuhilela ukucasha ukuhlukaniswa kwangaphambili lapho insizakalo engabonakaliswa njengoHloniphekile, ngokujwayelekile ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpawu kuzoba ngaphansi Kweminye Kunezimo Ezihloniphekile.
Ukusebenza okungafani. Ilungu lingase lihlukaniswe uma kunqunywe ukuthi ilungu lingagunyaziwe ngenjongo yokuqhubeka nensizakalo yempi ngenxa yokusebenza okunganeliseki. Ukucubungula ukuhlukana kungahle kuqalwe kuze kube yilapho ilungu selulekwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuphathelene nokuhluleka futhi linikezwe ithuba lokunqoba lezo zinsalela njengoba kuboniswe ukululekwa okufanele noma amarekhodi abasebenzi. Izidingo zokweluleka nokuvuselela zibaluleke kakhulu ngokuqondene nalesi sizathu sokuhlukaniswa. Ngenxa yokuthi umsebenzi wezempi ukubiza okuhlukile kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi wokuba ngumphakathi, ilungu akufanele lihlukaniswe uma ukusebenza okungaqiniseki kuyisizathu esisodwa ngaphandle kokuba kube khona imizamo yokuvuselela ngaphansi kwamazinga anqunywe uNobhala othintekayo. Le nsizakalo izobhekwa njengoHloniphekile noma Jikelele (ngaphansi kwezimo ezihloniphekile).
Ukuhluleka Ukuphuza Ukuphuza Utshwala. Ilungu eliye ladluliselwa ohlelweni lokuvuselela ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa nokuphuza utshwala lingahlukaniswa ngokuhluleka noma ukwenqaba ukubamba iqhaza, ukubambisana noma ukugcwalisa ngempumelelo lolu hlelo kulezi zimo ezilandelayo: (1) Kukhona ukungabi nalutho okusemandleni okuqhubekela phambili ezempi; noma (2) Ukuvuselelwa kwesikhathi eside kudingekile futhi ilungu lidluliselwa esikhungweni sezokwelapha sabantu abasebenzela usizo lwezokuvuselela.
Ukungaziphathi kahle. Ilungu lingase lihlukaniswe ngokungaziphathi kahle uma kunqunywe ukuthi ilungu alinakufanelekela ukwenza inkonzo yezempi eyengeziwe ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo noma ngaphezulu:
- Iziphambeko Ezincane Zokugwetshwa. Iphethini lokungaziphathi kahle okubandakanya ukwephula izigwegwe ezincane kuphela. Uma ukuhlukaniswa kwelungu elisesimweni sezinga lokungena kuqinisekiswe kuphela ngenxa yeziphambeko ezincane zokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe, isenzo kufanele senziwe ngaphansi kokusebenza kwezinga lokungenelela nokuziphatha.
- Iphethini lokungaziphathi kahle. Isibonelo sokungaziphathi kahle okubandakanya (a) ukubandakanyeka okuhloniphekile neziphathimandla zomphakathi noma ezempi noma (b) ukuziphatha okungahambisani nokuhleleka nokuhleleka.
- Ikhomishana Ye-Offensive Serious. Ikhomishana yecala elibi kakhulu lempi noma lomphakathi uma izimo ezilandelayo: (1) Izimo ezithile zecala livuma ukuhlukaniswa; futhi (2) Ukukhishwa kwesigwebo kuzogunyazwa okufanayo noma okuhlobene naso eduze kwe-Manual for Courts-martial.
- Ukuqiniseka Okungavamile. Ukuqinisekiswa kweziphathimandla zomphakathi noma isenzo esithathiwe esifana nalokho okutholakala enecala, kufaka phakathi ukugwetshwa okufanayo ezinkambisweni zezingane, lapho izimo ezithile zecala zivuma ukuhlukaniswa, futhi lezi zimo ezilandelayo zikhona: (1) Ukukhishwa kwesigwebo kuzogunyazwa icala elifanayo noma elihlobene eduze noMqulu Wezinkantolo-noma (2) Isigwebo sabantu abaphethe umthetho sihlanganisa ukuvalelwa izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu ngaphandle kokumiswa noma ukuhlolwa.
Ukuhlukaniswa kokuhlukaniswa kungase kuqalwe ukuthi ngabe ilungu alifake isicelo sokukholelwa komuntu noma ngabe usho ngenhloso yokwenza kanjalo. Ukwenziwa kokuhlukaniswa okuvunyelwe ngokuvamile kuvimbelwe ukulindela umphumela wesicelo sokudlulisa isikhalo noma kuze kube yisikhathi sokudlulisa isikhalazo, kodwa ilungu lingase lihlukaniswe ngaphambi kwesinyathelo sokugcina ekudlulisweni kwesicelo ngokucela kwesilungu noma ngokuqondiswa koNobhala othintekayo.
Ukufaniswa kwemisebenzi yokungaziphathi kahle kuyoba Ngaphansi Kweminye Imibandela Ehloniphekile, kepha ukuhlukaniswa njengeGenerali (ngaphansi kwezimo ezihloniphekile) kungagunyazwa kulabo abanezikhombisi zempi ezivelele.
Ukuphepha. Uma ukugcinwa okungahambisani nentshisekelo yokuphepha kazwelonke, ilungu lingase lihlukaniswe ngenxa yokuphepha futhi ngaphansi kwezimo nezinqubo ezisungulwe uNobhala Wezokuvikela ku- DoD 5200.2-R. Ukufanisa kusekelwe irekhodi lensizakalo kanye nokusebenza kommangalelwa.
Ukubamba iqhaza okungabonakali ku-Reserve Ready. Ilungu lingase lihlukaniswe ukuhlanganyela okungenelisekile kwi-Ready Reserve ngaphansi kwezimiso ezisungulwe uNobhala othintekayo ngaphansi kwe-DoD Directive 1215.13. Ukufaniswa kwensizakalo noma incazelo yokuhlukaniswa kusekelwe irekhodi lensizakalo kanye nezidingo ze-DoD Directive 1215.13 (reference (p)).
Ukuhluleka kokulawula isisindo. Ilungu lingase lihlukaniswe ukuhluleka ukuhlangabezana namazinga okulawula isisindo uma kunqunywa ukuthi ilungu lingagunyaziwe ukuze liqhubeke nemisebenzi yezempi, futhi ilungu alitholakali ngogciwane elibhekene nesimo sezokwelapha esinqanda noma sokuphazamisa ukulawula isisindo. Ukucubungula ukuhlukana kungahle kuqalwe kuze kube yilapho ilungu selulekwa ngokusemthethweni ngokuphathelene nokuhluleka futhi linikezwe ithuba lokunqoba lezo zinsalela njengoba kuboniswe ukululekwa okufanele noma amarekhodi abasebenzi. Ukufaniswa kokukhishwa kuzovame ukuhlonishwa, ngaphandle uma ukuhlukaniswa kwenkonzo njengoGenerali (ngaphansi kwezimo ezihloniphekile) kuqinisekiswe amarekhodi ezempi.
Lezi yizizathu ezivame kakhulu zokuhlukaniswa okungazibandakanyi emsebenzini wezempi. Umnyango wezokuVikela uvumela nanoma yiziphi izinsizakalo zempi ukuba zenze izizathu ezengeziwe zokukhishwa kwezokuphatha, ngokusekelwe kweziqu ezihlukile zesevisi ethile.