Ikhodi Yobulungiswa Yezempi Engafani Yifinyelela Cishe Wonke Amalungu Ezempi
Isigaba 2 se-UCMJ: Abantu ngokulandela lesi Sahluko
Isigaba sesi-2 se-Code of Justice of Uniform Military (UMCJ) sithi cishe wonke umuntu uhambisana nemigomo yekhodi.
Ikhodi ikhombisa ngokuqondile ukuthi ubani futhi ongekho ngaphansi kwekhodi, ehlanganisa ukuchaza ukuthi ilungu lebutho elihlomile liyavumelana yini nezinhlinzeko zekhodi kanye nokuthi izici zangaphandle zifana nesikhathi sempikiswano yempi obhekene nalokho. Isigaba 2 sifunda:
Isigaba (a). Abantu abalandelayo bangaphansi kwalesi sahluko:
(1) Amalungu ayingxenye evamile yamabutho ahlomile, afaka nalawo alindele ukukhishwa emva kokuphela kwemigomo yokubhalisa; amavolontiya kusukela ngesikhathi sokuxoshwa noma ukwamukelwa empini; i-inductees kusukela ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kwabo kwangempela emabuthweni ahlomile; kanye nabanye abantu ababizwa ngokusemthethweni noma abahlelwe ngaphakathi, noma emsebenzini noma ukuqeqesha, amabutho ahlomile, kusukela ezinsukwini lapho kudingeka khona imigomo yocingo noma i-oda lokulilalela.
(2) Amakhodididi, ama-cadet ahamba ngezinyawo, kanye nabasemazingeni omphakathi.
(3) Amalungu esigaba sokulondoloza ngenkathi eqeqeshiwe, kodwa uma kwenzeka amalungu e-Army National Guard e-United States noma i-Air National Guard yase-United States kuphela lapho esebenza e-Federal.
(4) Amalungu asetshenziselwa umhlalaphansi ayingxenye evamile yamabutho ahlomile anelungelo lokukhokha.
(5) Amalungu asetshenziselwe umhlalaphansi ohlangothini lwendawo yokugcina impahla abamukela esibhedlela esivela ehlomile.
(6) Amalungu eFleet Reserve neFleet Marine Corps Reserve.
(7) Abantu abasesigodlweni samabutho ahlomile abenza isigwebo esinikwe yinkantolo.
(8) Amalungu oNgqongqoshe wezeMvelo ka-Oceanic kanye ne-Atmospheric Advocacy, i-Public Health Service, kanye nezinye izinhlangano, lapho kunikezwe umsebenzi wokukhonza kanye namabutho ahlomile.
(9) Iziboshwa zempi esiteshini samabutho ahlomile.
(10) Ngesikhathi sempi, abantu abakhonza noma abahamba nebutho elihlomile ensimini.
(11) Kuncike kunoma yisiphi isivumelwano noma isivumelwano lapho i-United States ikhona khona noma ingaba yinkampani noma kunoma yikuphi ukuvunyelwa komthetho wamazwe omhlaba, abantu abakhonza nabo, abaqashiwe noma abahamba ngaphandle kwe-United States nangaphandle kwe-Common- ingcebo yasePuerto Rico, iGuam, neVirgin Islands.
(12) Kuncike kunoma yisiphi isivumelwano noma isivumelwano lapho i-United States ikhona khona noma ingaba yinkampani noma kunoma yikuphi ukugunyazwa komthetho wamazwe omhlaba, abantu abahlala endaweni eqashiswa noma egcinwe noma etholakalayo ekusetshenzisweni kwe-United States engaphansi ukulawulwa kukaNobhala othintekayo futhi ongaphandle kwe-United States nangaphandle kweCanal Zone, i-Commonwealth yasePuerto Rico, iGuam, naseVirgin Islands.
Isigaba (b). Ukubhaliswa ngokuzithandela kwanoma yimuphi umuntu onamandla okuqonda ukubaluleka kokungenela ibutho elihlomile kuyoba yelungelo ngenhloso yokugunyazwa ngaphansi kwesigatshana (a) kanye nokuguqulwa kwesimo esivela kubantu abangamalungu eqembu elihlomile kuyosebenza ngempumelelo ukuthatha isifungo sokubhaliswa .
Isigaba (c). Ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi ezinye izihlinzeko zomthetho, umuntu okhonza ngebutho elihlomile-
(1) athumele ngokuzithandela egunyeni lempi;
(2) ukuhlangabezana nokufaneleka kwengqondo kanye neziqu zeminyaka yobudala yezingxenye 504 no-505 zalesi sihloko ngesikhathi sokuzithoba ngokuzithandela egunyeni lempi;
(3) wathola inkokhelo yempi noma izibonelelo; futhi
(4) wenza imisebenzi yempi;
Isigaba (d).
(1) Ilungu lesigaba sokugcina esingekho emsebenzini osebenzayo futhi esenziwa yinkinga yezigatshana ngaphansi kwesigaba 81 (isigaba 15) noma isigaba 830 (i-athikili 30) ngokuphathelene nesicala esingaphansi kwalesi sahluko singalawulwa ukuba sisebenze umsebenzi ngokuzibandakanya ngenhloso ye:
- (A) uphenyo ngaphansi kwesigaba 832 salesi sihloko (isigaba 32);
- (B) ukuhlolwa kwecala lokulwa; noma
- (C) isijeziso esingenabulungisa ngaphansi kwesigaba 815 salesi sihloko (isigaba 15).
(2) Ilungu lesigaba sokugcinwa kwempahla angeke lilalelwe umsebenzi osebenzayo ngaphansi kwesigatshana (1) ngaphandle kwecala elenziwe ngenkathi ilungu liyi:
- (A) emsebenzini osebenzayo; noma
- (B) ekuqeqeshweni okungasebenzi emsebenzini, kodwa uma kwenzeka amalungu e-Army National Guard e-United States noma i-Air National Guard yase-United States kuphela lapho esebenza e-Federal.
(3) Isiphathimandla sokuyala ilungu emsebenzini osebenzayo ngaphansi kwesigaba (1) sizosetshenziswa ngaphansi kwemithethonqubo enqunywe nguMongameli.
(4) Ilungu lingalayelwa ukuba liqhubekele emsebenzini ngaphansi kwesigaba (1) kuphela umuntu owanikwe amandla okubamba izinkantolo ezivamile-ukulwa nendima evamile yamabutho ahlomile.
(5) Ilungu elinikezwe umsebenzi osebenzayo ngaphansi kwesigaba (1), ngaphandle uma umyalelo osebenzayo uvunyelwe uNobhala othintekayo, kungenzeka:
- (A) ugwetshwe ukuvalelwa; noma
- (B) kuyadingeka ukuba kutholakale isijeziso esinomkhawulo wokukhululeka phakathi nenkathi ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa okungafanele ukusebenza noma umsebenzi osebenzayo (ngaphandle komsebenzi osebenzayo owenziwe ngaphansi kwesigatshana (l)).
Isigaba (e). Izinhlinzeko zalesi sigaba zihambisana nesigaba 876 (d) (2) salesi sihloko (isigaba 76b (d) (2).
Isigaba sesi-3 se-UCMJ: Isimandla sokuzama abanye abasebenzi
Ngaphezu kokuchaza ukuthi ubani ozobhekana neKhodi Yezobulungiswa Yezempi Engafani futhi uma i-Article 3 ye-UMCJ iphinda ichaze amandla okuzama ukuzama amalungu athile empi. Isigaba 3 sifunda:
Isigaba (a). Ngokuya kwesigaba 843 salesi sihloko (i-athikili 43), umuntu onesimo lapho umuntu engaphansi kwalesi sahluko futhi owenze icala ngokumelene nalesi sahluko ngenkathi esesimweni lapho lowo muntu ayekho ngaphansi kwalesi sahluko akukhululwa ekungeneni kwamandla kulesi sahluko kulolo cala ngenxa yokuqedwa kwesimo sangaphambili somuntu.
Isigaba (b). Umuntu ngamunye ophuma emotweni ehlomile kamuva owabekwa icala ngokukhwabanisa ukukhishwa kwakhe, ngokuya kwesigaba 843 salesi sihloko (isiqephu sama-43), ngaphansi kokulingwa yi-court-war kuleso sikweletu futhi ngemuva kokukhathazeka ngaphansi kwalesi sahluko ngenkathi egcinwe ngamabutho ahlomile kulolo cala.
Uma ekholelwa lelo cala, unecala lokulingwa yinkantolo ngokulwa nawo wonke amacala ngaphansi kwalesi sahluko esenziwe ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwenkohlakalo.
Isigaba (c). Akekho umuntu oshiye amabutho ahlomile angase akhululeke ekuphatheni okwenziwe ngaphansi kwalesi sahluko ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa nanoma yisiphi isikhashana semisebenzi.
Isigaba (d). Ilungu lesigceme sokugcinwa kwempahla esingaphansi kwalesi sahluko akusiyo, ngenxa yokuphelelwa yisikhathi somsebenzi osebenzayo noma ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzi ongasebenzi, ukukhululeka ekuphatheni okusemthethweni kulesi sahluko ngenxa yecala elibhekene nalesi sahluko esenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isikhathi somsebenzi osebenzayo noma ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzi ongasebenzi.