Incazelo yeGraf in Journalism, kanye neminye imigomo evamile

Graf (AKA, Isigaba)

Labo abasha ezweni le-journalism maduzane bafunde ukuthi igama elithi "graf," eliya endlebeni engafundile lizwakala njengephutha (okungukuthi, gaff), ku-newsroom parlance, imboni yegama lesigatshana. I-term graf ivame ukujikijela nxazonke ngabahleli futhi ingabhalwa emaphethelweni endabeni elindile noma ingasetshenziswa ngamazwi.

I-Graf iyingxenye yesikhashana somhleli jikelele ukuthi abahleli emaphephandabeni, omagazini kanye nezinye izincwadi ezibhaliwe basebenzisa kakhulu.

Isibonelo, umhleli (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumhleli wezindaba noma cha) angakutshela ukuthi ulungise isabelo sakho sokuqala. Noma, umhleli angabhala igama elithi graf emakhasini endabeni oyibhalayo ukuze ubhekise isigaba afuna usebenze kuso.

Nakuba leli gama lisetshenzisiwe ngobuningi, ngoba leli gama lisho, akulona igama elingasetshenziswa emshweni. Kungaba, kaningi, kubonakale ekuhlelweni kwendaba.

Okunye Imigomo Yomdabu Ejwayelekile

• I-Slug - Umzila wohlobo olubekwe ensimbi kulokho okuthiwa umshini we-Linotype. Futhi, isihloko segama elilodwa esinikezwe i-athikili njengoba lihamba ngenqubo yokuhlela nokuklama.
• Ngaphezulu kwesikhumba - Esetshenziswe ngokubhekisela ephephandabeni lesipredishithi elihlungwe ngesigamu sokubonisa. Ingxenye ephezulu yekhasi, ngenhla kwephanga, ibhekwa njengengxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yephepha kusuka ekufundeni (kanye nokukhangisa). Abathelisi, ngokujwayelekile, bahlose ukuba izindaba zabo ziphrintiwe ekhasini langaphambili, ngenhla kwenkemba.

• Usayizi wephoyinti - Usayizi wohlobo lohlobo.
• Ngaphambi - Indaba eveza umcimbi wesikhathi esizayo.
• Ukunamathisela - Le nqubo ihlanganisa ukuhlanganisa amakhasi amaningi ngokunamathisela uhlobo (ikhasi) lokuhlekisa, okuzobekwa izithombe bese lenziwe ngamacwecwe ensimbi okunyathelisa. Ekuqaleni, zonke izincwadi zokuphrinta zahlanganiswa ngale ndlela. Namuhla, izincwadi eziningi zenzelwe kuma-computer.

• I-Pica pole - Umbusi wensimbi osetshenziswa ngabashicileli ekamelweni lokuqamba ukukala uhlobo nge-picas. Kunamaphuzu angu-12 ku-pica ne-picas ayisithupha elilingana ngamasentimitha. I-pica ipolisi yangempela ibhidlika ngokumelene nensimbi yensimbi emcimbini wokudala wokubamba ukuchaza umsebenzi oshiya isakhiwo okokugcina.
• Izintambo - Izindaba noma izithombe zithunyelwa ngogesi kwikhompyutha yakho noma idivayisi yeselula.
• Ukuphawula - Ezweni lezindaba kanye nokwaziswa, leli gama lisho ukuvuleka ngolwazi. Ezimweni eziningi, lisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela ekukhanyeni kwama-ejensi kahulumeni ekukhululeni ulwazi ezintatheli kanye nasemphakathini. Ibuye isetshenziswe kumongo wezintatheli ezivulekile mayelana nenqubo yabo yokubika (kanye nezinto abanayo) ngokuwabelana nabafundi ngaphambi kombiko wokugcina.
• Thepha-tock - I-akhawunti yesinyathelo nesinyathelo sokuthi kwenzeka kanjani isenzakalo esithile.
• 30 - Isibalo esibonisa isiphetho sendaba.
• I-Stet - Isuselwe kwisiLatini, kusho ukuthi Makube khona, njengokungathi, vumela ikhophi yokuqala ihambe njengoba ibhaliwe. Leli gama liyilo lizwi elilukhuni kunomhleli wekhophi ozisebenzisana nomlobi wezindaba ofuna ukubhala kabusha.
• Run - Ukushicilela indaba.

• Ukubuyisa - Ukuhoxiswa kwezindaba ezishicilelwe ngaphambilini noma iqiniso.

• Ukubuyekeza - Indaba ebhaliwe noma ethuthukisiwe, kaningi ngezingcaphuno ezengeziwe noma amaqiniso.