Ukusetshenziswa nini futhi kanjani
Umlando Wezokukhishwa Kwezempi
Ukuqonda inqubo yokuthuthukisa ukukhishwa kwakho, kubalulekile ukubamba isibambiso emlandweni wenqubo. Ngesikhathi esisodwa (ngaphambi kuka-1975), i-Army "ngokungemthetho" yanikeza ezinye izinkonzo ezisezingeni eliphakeme ukudlula-ezihlonishwayo ngenxa yokuhlolwa kwe-urinalysis ngenhloso yokuvuselelwa kwezidakamizwa (noma ukungena ohlelweni lwezidakamizwa, noma ukuqaphela inqubekela phambili ngenkathi kuleso hlelo).
Ngonyaka we-1979, ukuhlinzeka okuncane okungenakuhlonipha ukuhlolwa kwalokhu kuhlolwa kwakubhekwa ngokungemthetho. Ngo-Nov. 27, 1979, iNkantolo YesiFunda sase-United States yeSifunda saseColumbia ku-''Giles v. UNobhala Wezempi '(i-Civil Action No. 77-0904), yalawula ukuthi ilungu lezebutho laseMelika linelungelo lokuhlonishwa ukukhishwa, uma kukhishwe ngaphambi kukaJan. 1, 1975, ngenxa yendlela yokuphatha lapho i-Army iveza khona ubufakazi obuqanjwe noma ngenxa yomphumela oqondile noma ongaqondile wokuhlolwa kwe-urinalysis okwenziwe ngenhloso yokukhomba abahlukumezi bezidakamizwa.
Ngamanye amazwi, inkantolo yathi kufanelekile ukukhipha imiphumela enjalo ye-urinalysis, kodwa kwakungalungile ukusekela ukuhlukaniswa kwenkonzo emiphumeleni enjalo.
Ngenkathi inkantolo igwetshiwe ngokumelene neMpi kulo mkhuba, i-Army yasungula isimiso esasivumela amasosha ayekhishwa ngokungahambisani ngaphansi kwezimo ezingenhla ukuze athole "ukuvuselelwa" ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Le nqubomgomo ithumele amahemuhemu aqhubekayo wokuthi noma ubani othola ukukhishwa okuphansi kunokuhlonipha angathola kalula ukukhishwa kwawo. Ngeshwa, ukuthuthukiswa kokukhipha akulula futhi "akuzenzakaleli."
Ubani Ongayifaka isicelo sokuKhipha?
Ngesikhathi noma ubani engakwazi ukufaka isicelo kwiBhodi yokuBuyekeza lokuKhipha (DRB) efanelekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukushintshwa noma ushintsho ngenxa yezizathu zokuxoshwa, lowo muntu kufanele akhombise ibhodi ukuthi isizathu sokukhishwa kwazo noma ukuhlukaniswa kwazo "akungalingani" noma "okungalungile."
Ukungalingani kusho ukuthi isizathu noma ukuhlukanisa ukukhishwa akuhambisani nezinqubomgomo namasiko wenkonzo. Okungalungile kusho ukuthi isizathu noma ukuhlukanisa ukukhishwa kwiphutha (okungukuthi, kungamanga, noma kuphambene nomthetho noma umthetho).
Isibonelo, "ukungabi nabulungisa" kungaba: "Ukuphuma kwami kwakungalingani ngoba bekusekelwe esenzakalweni esisodwa esikude ezinyangeni ezingu-28 zenkonzo ngaphandle kwesinye isenzo esibi." "Okungalungile" kungaba ukuthi: "Ukukhishwa okungalungile akulungile ngoba ukukholelwa komuntu wesicelo, okubhalwe kahle emibhalweni yakhe yokubhalisa, kusetshenziswe ekuqhutshweni kwecala."
Ilungelo lakho lokufaka isicelo sokulungiswa kwamarekhodi
Noma yimuphi umuntu okhishiwe noma oxoshiwe angafaka isicelo kwi-DRB yesevisi efanele. I-Army, Air Force, ne-Coast Guard zinamabhodi ahlukene. I-Navy isebenzela ibhodi kubo bonke abasebenzi baseNavy namalungu e- United States Marine Corps .
Isihloko se-10, i-United States Code, Isigaba 1553 ngumthetho olawula ukukhululwa kwezempi. Lesi simiso sigunyaza unobhala wenkonzo ethintekayo ukuba "asungule ibhodi lokubuyekezwa, elinamalungu amahlanu, ukubuyekezwa ukukhishwa noma ukuxoshwa (ngaphandle kokukhishwa noma ukuxoshwa ngomgwebo wokulwa nenkantolo-jikelele) kwanoma yiluphi ilungu langaphambili ibutho elihlomile ngaphansi kolawulo lomnyango wakhe ngokuzimela noma ngesicelo salowo owayengumalungu noma, uma efile, oshade naye, osondelene naye, noma omele ummeli. "
Amabhodi awavunyelwe ukukhipha ukukhishwa noma ukukhumbula umuntu emsebenzini osebenzayo. Ukuziphatha okubi kukhishwa yiNkantolo Ekhethekile-yama-martials kubuyekezwa kuphela njengendaba yokucabangela.
Isikhathi Nendlela Yokufaka isicelo sokuthuthukisa
Ngaphansi komthetho, kufanele wenze uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lukhuculwe kungakapheli iminyaka engu-15 yokukhishwa. Uma ukukhishwa kwakho kudala kuneminyaka engama-15, kumele ufake isicelo sokuguqula emarekhodi akho ezempi .
Isicelo siyinkqubo elula. Kufanele usebenzise i- DD Ifomu 293, Isicelo soKubuyekezwa kokuKhipha noma ukuKhishwa eHhovisi leMpi lase-United States . Ngaphezu kokulanda ifomu, I-DD Ifomu 293 iyatholakala kumafomu amaningi e-DoD namahhovisi wesifunda ku-Veterans Administration, noma ngokubhalela ku: Agency Army Review Boards (ARBA), ATTN: Ulwazi Lomthengi nokuqinisekiswa Kwekhwalithi, Arlington, VA 22202 -4508.
Xhumana nabo ngefoni ku- (703) 607-1600.
Kufanele ugcwalise ifomu ngokucophelela ngokuthayipha noma ukunyathelisa imininingwane eceliwe. Namathisela amakhophi ezitatimende noma amarekhodi afanelekile kumacala akho. Qiniseka ukuthi usayine into engu-9 yefomu. Thumela ifomu eligcwalisiwe ekhelini elifanele ngakwesokunxele kwefomu.
Indlela Yokusekela Isicelo Sakho
Ibhodi izothuthukisa ukukhishwa kwakho kuphela uma ungafakazela ukuthi ukukhishwa kwakho akungalingani noma akufanelekile. Ukwenza lokhu ngokunikeza ubufakazi, njengezitatimende ezisayiniwe kuwe nakwezinye izifakazi noma amakhophi amarekhodi asekela icala lakho. Akwanele ukunikeza amagama ofakazi. Ibhodi ngeke lixhumana nofakazi bakho ukuthola izitatimende. Kufanele uxhumane nofakazi bakho ukuze uthole izitatimende zabo ezisayinwe ngesicelo sakho.
Isitatimende sakho siqu sibalulekile. Faka isitatimende sakho ngokucacile esigabeni 8 seFomu le-DD 293. Qiniseka ukuthi ufunda ngokucophelela imiyalelo ngemuva kwefomu. Chaza ukuthi kwenzekani nokuthi kungani kungabaluleki noma kungalungile.
Ngokuvamile, ubufakazi obuningi yizitatimende ezivela kubantu abanolwazi oluqondile noma ukubandakanyeka. Isibonelo, izitatimende ezivela kubantu abakhungweni lwakho lokulinganisa, umphathi wakho, umphathi wokuqala noma umlawuli noma isitatimende esivela kumfundisi , noma omunye umuntu onolwazi oluqondile lwenkonzo yakho yempi. Ibhodi angeke ibe nesithakazelo ekuziphatheni kwakho noma ekuziphatheni ngemuva kokushiya amasosha. Qinisekisa izitatimende zakho ngezikhathi ezihlobene ngokuqondile nenkonzo yakho yempi. Lokhu kungumthetho jikelele, noma kunjalo. Kumelwe uthathe isinqumo ukuthi yikuphi ubufakazi obuzosekela kakhulu icala lakho.
Kungathatha isikhathi sokuqoqa izitatimende namarekhodi ukusekela isicelo sakho. Ungase ufise ukulibazise ukuhanjiswa kwesicelo sakho kuze kube yilapho ukuqoqwa kolwazi kuqediwe. Ungase ufise ukucela ikhophi yamarekhodi akho ezempi ku- National Personnel Records Centre (NPRC) ukufaka nesicelo sakho. Kufanele uhambise isicelo sakho kungakapheli isikhathi seminyaka engu-15.
Ukuthola Usizo
Ngaphandle kokunciphisa okuncane, i-DRB ingacubungula konke ukukhishwa kokuthuthukiswa. Nokho, ibhodi ayikwazi ukushintsha ukukhishwa kwesigwebo okubekwe yizinkantolo .
Abafakizicelo abaningi bazimele. Uma isicelo sakho sinkimbinkimbi, ungase ufune ukuthi othile akumele:
- Izinhlangano eziningi zezinsizakalo zangaphambili zinezikhonzi ezokumela ekusebenziseni ebhodini futhi zikusize ekuqedeni iphepha elidingekayo.
- Ungaqasha futhi ummeli ukuthi akumele wena ngezindleko zakho.
- Kufanele ubeke igama lommeleli wakho ku-DD Ifomu 249, into engu-6.
- Uma ubiza ummeli, ibhodi ngokuvamile lizosebenzisana nommeleli wakho kunokuba ngqo ngqo nawe.
Iseluleko nokuqondiswa kuyatholakala emithonjeni eminingi. Ochwepheshe bezempi bangakwazi ukweluleka ezindabeni zabasebenzi. Izinhlangano zezinsizakalo ze-Veteran zizokukwazisa noma ngabe unquma ukuzimela. Ungaxoxa ngecala lakho ngelungu lomsebenzi webhodi, noma ungabhalela ebhodini, futhi ilungu lomsebenzi lizophendula imibuzo yakho. Abameli abaningana baqaphele izinqubo zokubukezwa kwezempi.
Lapho Uzothumela Ifomu
Thumela i-DD Ifomu 293 eligcwalisiwe ekhelini elifanele:
I-ARMY: I-Agency Review Boards Agency, i-Support Division, iSt. Louis, i-ATTN: iSFMR-RBR-SL, 9700 Page Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63132-5200
NAVY & MARINE CORPS: Council Naval Boards Personnel, 720 Kennon Street, SE, Rm. 309 (NDRB), iWashington Navy Yard, DC 20374-5023
I-AIR FORCE: SAF / MIBR, 550-C Street West, Suite 40, Randolph AFB, TX 78150-4742
I-COAST GUARD: Umlawuli (G-WPM), 2100 Second Street, SW, Washington, DC 20593-0001
Ukubukeka Komuntu Ngaphambi kweBhodi
Ungacela ukubukeka komuntu siqu ngaphambi kwebhodi ngokuhlola ibhokisi elifanele kwifomu leDD 293, into engu-4. Uma ucela ukuzwa, ibhodi izokwazisa isikhathi, idethi nendawo (ngokuvamile iWashington DC, nakuba kunezikhathi ezithile lapho ibhodi ihamba ezindaweni ezifunda ukuyoqhuba ukulalela). Izindleko ezithathiwe ziyimfanelo yakho yonke. Uhulumeni ngeke akubuyisele izindleko zokuhamba.
Uma wena, ngemuva kokukwaziswa ngencwadi yesikhathi nendawo yokulalelwa, uhluleka ukuvela ngesikhathi esimisiwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uqobo noma ummeleli, ngaphandle kokuthi wenze isicelo sokuqala, esifike ngesikhathi sokuqhubeka, ukuhlehliswa noma ukuhoxiswa, uzobe kubhekwe ukuthi uyeka ilungelo lokuzwa, futhi i-DRB izoqedela ukubuyekezwa kwayo kokukhishwa. Ibhodi ngeke linikeze olunye ukulalela ngaphandle kokuthi ungabonisa ukuthi ukwehluleka ukuvela noma ukuphendula kungenxa yezimo ezingaphezu kokulawula kwakho.
Ukuzwa kwakho ngaphambi kwebhodi kungukuzwa kwezokuphatha, hhayi ukuqhubeka kokuphikisa noma ukuvivinywa. Inhloso ukucacisa ukuthi isikhathi sakho senkonzo sibonakala kahle. Okuwukuphela kwezinto ezimbili okungenzeka: (1) isicelo sakho singanikezwa noma (2) ukukhishwa kwakho kungahlala okufanayo.
Ngaphambi kokuvela kwebhodi lakho, kufanele ubuyekeze umfushane womhloli ngaphambi kokuzwa kwakho. Lesi sifushane isishwankathelo samarekhodi ezempi atholakalayo kuwe. Iqukethe amaqiniso abalulekile kuwe futhi ifakwa kwifomathi efundwa kalula ngamalungu ebhodi.
Ilungu elilodwa lamalungu ebhodi likhethwe njengesikhulu sezenzo ngecala lakho. Umsebenzi wesiphathimandla wezenzo ukuhamba ngerekhodi lakho lonke bese uliqhathanisa nesikhashana, uqinisekise ukuthi okufushane kulungile ngempela. Ngokwenza kanjalo, lo muntu uyazijwayele kakhulu icala lakho. Uma ngabe yiliphi lamalungu ebhodi elinemibuzo ephathelene nemibhalo erekhodini yakho, noma phakathi nokulalelwa noma emva kwalokho ngesikhathi sezinqumo zebhodi, le mibuzo izobhekiswe kusikhulu sesenzo esizoyithola idokhumenti ngokubheka ngesinqumo sebhodi.
Ibhodi livame ukuhlanganiswa nabasebenzi abahlanu abasebenza ngokusebenza nabasebenzi abaphezulu ababhalisiwe. Ngokuvamile zizogqoka izingubo zomphakathi, okuwukuphela kwenzuzo yakho; ukusiza ukukubeka kalula futhi udale umoya okhululekile. Bavoti ngamunye bavota eyodwa kanye nemithetho eminingi.
Ngokuqondene nobufakazi, ngenhloso yalesi sihloko unelungelo lokuthula, unikeze ubufakazi obufungile noma unikeze ubufakazi obungenakuqhathaniswa. Uma ukhetha ukunikeza ubufakazi obufungekile uzofunga futhi ilungu ngalinye lebhodi lizoba nethuba lokubuza imibuzo noma mayelana nobufakazi bakho, into erekhodini noma ngokuyinhloko noma yini abazwayo ingase ikwazi ukunikeza ukuqonda okukhulu kwendaba yakho. Ibhodi ikholelwa ukuthi ubufakazi obufungile kubalulekile ngoba lapho kungekho khona ukwazi ukubuza imibuzo, ayikho indlela amalungu ebhodi angayenza ngayo ukuthenga isikweletu sakho njengofakazi.
Inqubo yokubuza inendlela yokudweba iqiniso. Uma unquma ukunikeza ubufakazi obufungile futhi ubuzwa umbuzo ongafisi ukuphendula, akudingeki uphendule. Isinqumo sokuthi uluhlobo luni lobufakazi obunikezayo, uma lukhona, lungokwakho.
Ukuzwa kuzorekhodwa. Inikeza irekhodi lezinqubo kodwa ngaphesheya kwalokho, linikeza ibhodi ithuba lokubukeza ubufakazi bakho ngemuva kokushiya ekamelweni futhi ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungabaluleka kakhulu. Akekho okwazi ukurekhoda ngaphandle kwakho namalungu ebhodi. Ungathola ikhophi ngokumcela nje; akekho omunye ongathola ikhophi ngaphandle kwemvume yakho ebhaliwe.
Okufanele Ukulindele
Uma ungena ekamelweni lokulalela ilungu lebhodi elikhethwe njengomsakazo lizoqala idivayisi yokurekhoda futhi umongameli webhodi uzobiza ibhodi ukuba lilandele. Umphathi wesenzo uzobe esefunda irekhodi lokuthi ibhodi lihlangana ukucubungula icala lakho, ukuthi ukhona futhi ungaboniswa iseluleko futhi uzokwethula imiboniso ibe ubufakazi, njengokufaka isicelo sakho, incwadi yakho yesaziso lapho kuvela khona, imiyalo ebeka ibhodi, izikhulu zebhodi, amarekhodi akho kanye nesikhashana somhloli kanye nezindaba zakho.
Khona-ke uzocelwa ukuthi iyiphi indlela yobufakazi, uma ikhona, ufisa ukunikeza. Ukuzwa ngokuvamile kuthatha ngaphansi kwehora kodwa ibhodi lizothatha noma nini okudingekayo ukuzwa icala lakho. Akukho mkhawulo wesikhathi. Uma uneseluleko, iseluleko sakho sizokwenza isitatimende sokuvula egameni lakho bese ikubuza imibuzo.
Uma unikeza ubufakazi obufungile, amalungu ebhodi azokubuza imibuzo, iseluleko sakho sizokwenza isitatimende sokuvala egameni lakho bese uthola ithuba lokugcina ibhodi. Ngemuva kokuthi uxolelwe, ungashiya ngokushesha. Ibhodi lizobe seliya enkulumweni futhi lifinyelele isinqumo sayo.
Kuzothatha amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwangu-8 ukuthi uthole isinqumo sebhodi. Uma ukukhishwa kwakho kushintshiwe uzothola isitifiketi sokukhishwa okusha, ifomu elisha le-DD 214, kanye nedokhumenti yesinqumo salolu bhodi. Uma ukukhishwa kwakho kungashintshwa, uzothola idokhumenti yesinqumo salolu bhodi, okuzofaka izizathu ezithile zokukhishwa kwakho kungashintshwa futhi kuzofaka noma iyiphi inqubo yokudlulisa isikhalazo, okusebenza kuwe.
Ukushintsha Amakhodi Ukufaneleka (RE) Amakhodi
Ama-Armed Forces asebenzisa amakhodi wokuReenlistment Eligibility (RE) ukuze ahlukanise abantu ngokubhalisa noma ukubhaliswa kabusha emaqenjini ahlomile. RE amakhodi ochungechunge lwe- '1' abonisa ukuthi umuntu ufanelekile ukubhaliswa ngokushesha noma ukubhaliswa kwangaphambili kwenkonzo, uma kunikezwe okunye okufanelekile. RE amakhodi ku-'2 ',' 3 'no-' 4 'uchungechunge luvimbela umuntu ekubuyiselweni kabusha ngokushesha noma ukubhaliswa kwangaphambi kwenkonzo. Kumele uthole ukubuyekezwa kanye / noma ukushiya kulawa makhukhi we-RE ngaphambi kokuthi uvumelekile ukubhalisa futhi.
Kukhona abaningi abafake izicelo ezidingekayo ngaphambi kokuba benze umsebenzi ophethe ikhodi ye-'1 'ye-RE engeke bakwazi ukubuyela empini ngenxa yezidingo ezithile zesevisi. (Bheka i-athikili emibhalweni yokuQala kweNkonzo ).
Ezimweni eziningi, umuntu onesi-"2" RE noma "4" ikhodi ye-RE akavunyelwe ukufaka isicelo. Labo abane-RE Code ye- "3" bangavunyelwa ukubhalisa, ngokuyeka, uma bengabonisa ukuthi isizathu sokukhishwa asisasebenzi. Ukuxoshwa okunjalo kunikezwa ngamasevisi ngabanye ngokusebenzisa abaqashi bezempi, hhayi inqubo ye-DRB.
I-Boards Discharge ngeke ihlole ngokuqondile isicelo sokushintsha i-RE code kwinqubo ye-DRB. Kukhona okuhlukile: Uma i-DRB ithuthukisa ukukhishwa komfakisicelo, ibhodi lizohlola nokuthi ngabe ikhodi ye-RE kufanele ishintshwe yini. Uma umfakisicelo ebhekwa njengomuntu omele ukubuyela emkhosini, ikhodi ye-RE izoshintshwa ibe "3A" - ikhodi ekhishwayo.
Noma yisiphi isicelo sokubheka ngokuqondile ushintsho kwi-RE code engahilelani ushintsho ekukhonjisweni kwensizakalo kanye / noma isizathu esilandelayo sokuhlukaniswa kumele kwenziwe ngeBhodi Yokulungiswa Yezimpahla Zama Military .
Uma ufuna ukuhoxiswa noma ukuguqulwa kwekhodi ye-RE ngenhloso yokungena kwelinye igatsha lenkonzo, kuzodingeka uxhumane nomqashi omele umsebenzi. Ilungelo lokumelana nokungaqiniseki kwe-RE komuntu ngokusekelwe kokusebenza ngemuva kokusebenza nokuziphatha kuhambisana nabalobi be-Army, Navy, ne-Air Force. UNobhala ngamunye angavumela umuntu ukuba abhalise enkonzweni ngaphansi kwegunya lakhe.
UNobhala wegatsha elilodwa lamabutho ahlomile akanalo igunya lokuyeka ukubhaliswa kabusha / ukubhaliswa okungavumelekile komunye umsebenzi. Isibonelo, uma ilungu langaphambili le-Army lifisa ukufaka isicelo eMnyangweni Wezempi , kumele iqhube ngokusebenzisa iziteshi zezindiza ze-Air Force ukuze zibhalwe ngaphambilini. Uma ikhodi ye-RE yenza i-veteran ingavumelekile, kumele asebenze noma yikuphi ukubuyekezwa noma ushintshe isenzo ngokusebenzisa iziteshi ze-Army.