Umlando namaphuzu avelele eSistimu Yomzila Womoya Wendlela Elandelayo
I-NextGen ifushane kuhlelo lokuThutha kwe-Generation Air Transport; Uhlelo lwe-FAA luye lwaqala ukuvuselela uhlelo lwangaphakathi lwakwa-airspace lwanamuhla ngosizo lomboni wonke. I-NextGen akuyona nje uhlelo olulodwa; lenziwe uchungechunge lwezinhlelo ezenzelwe ukwenza uhlelo lwe-airspace luphumelele kakhulu.
Ngaphandle kokuhlola ngempela izingxenye ze-NextGen, kungaba nzima ukuqonda ukuthi i-Next Next iyini ngempela nokuthi kungani ibiza kakhulu ukuthi isebenze.
Ngezansi ukubuka konke okusemqoka kwe-NextGen.
Umlando Nokuthuthukiswa
Umbono we-NextGen wenziwa ekuqaleni kwawo-2000. Iqala ngokusemthethweni ukuthatha isifungo ngoDisemba 2003 njengengxenye yoMbono we-100- Century we-Aviation Reauthorization Act . NgoJanuwari 2004, uMnyango WezokuThutha umemezele uhlelo lwe-NextGen: Luzoba yinkampani yamanje eminingi, iningi leminyaka yendlela yokuhamba emoyeni eyayizoqhubeka esikhathini esizayo okungenani iminyaka engu-25.
Ngenyanga kaDisemba 2004, i-DOT yashicilela uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe lweSikhathi Esilandelayo Sokuthuthwa Kwomoya , okwakuchaza imigomo nezinqubo ze-NextGen.
I-NextGen yahlukaniswa yaba yisikhathi esifushane (2004-2012), phakathi nesikhathi (2012-2020) kanye nemigomo yesikhathi eside (2020-2030 nangaphezulu) nemibono.
Ngokusho kwe-FAA, ukusebenzisa nokugcina izinhlelo ze-NextGen kuzodola cishe amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizigidi ezingu-37 zamaRandi ngo-2030. I-FAA iphinde ithi ukugcinwa kwezindleko ezivela ohlelweni olufanayo kulindeleke ukuthi kube yizigidi ezingu-106 zamaRandi.
Izinzuzo ze-NextGen
- Uhambo olungcono lokuhamba kwabagibeli nabaqhubi
- Ukulondolozwa kwamafutha okuqhutshwa kwezindiza
- Ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwemikhakha ngenxa yemigwaqo eqondile futhi ephumelelayo nemigwaqo
- Ukunciphisa okunciphise ukuhlukaniswa
- Ukunciphisa okunciphise
- Ukuxhumana okungcono kunethiwekhi ye-airspace nabasebenzisi bayo
- Ukufinyelela okuqinisekisiwe kolwazi lwezulu
- Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bebhodi
Izingxenye ezilandelayo ze-NextGen
I-ADS-B : Ukuhlola okulindelekile okuzenzekelayo-Ukusakaza kuyisimiso esinembile nangokwethenjelwa kunesistimu ye-RADAR okwamanje. I-ADS-B izosakaza ulwazi lwezindiza njengejubane, indawo, nomzila kulabaphathi bezithuthi zomoya kanye nezinye izindiza ezibandakanyekayo ngokusebenzisa izimpawu zomsakazo we-satellite neziteshi zomhlabathi. Izindiza kuzodingeka zihlomele kahle ukuhlanganyela.
I-SWIM : Ukuphathwa Kwemininingwane-Wide uhlelo olwenziwe yi-FAA ukuphatha kangcono ulwazi ngeziteshi eziningi ezahlukene. I-SWIM izophinde ilawule ukulinganisa nokuphepha kwedatha yesimanje.
Ukuxhumana kwedatha : Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Data Comm, le nqubo inikeza indlela entsha yabashayeli bezindiza nabalawuli ukuze bathole ulwazi ngefomethi yedijithali, ngokukhethekile ukudluliswa kwemvume ye-textual, indlela yokufinyelela kanye nemiyalelo evela kulabaqondisi abagibeli nabajikelezayo.
I-ASIAS : Uhlelo lwe-Aviation Safety Analysis & Programming Sharing luhloswe ukuhlanganisa imibiko yokuphepha emininingwaneni eyodwa ukuthola ukufinyelela okulula nokuhlaziywa okungcono.
Ama-PBN namazinga okuhlukaniswa okunciphisayo: I-FAA inamasu okunciphisa izindinganiso zokuhlukanisa izindiza ngosizo lwe-ADS-B ne-PBN, noma amasu okuThuthukisa okuSebenzayo. Izindlela ezifanayo ngesikhathi esifanayo yilokhu okugxilwe kukho, kanye nomthamo okwandisiwe ngokusebenzisa izinqubo ze-RNAV ne-RNP.
I-TBO: Ukusebenza okusekelwe emgwaqweni kusho ukuthi ukulawulwa kwe-air traffic kuzosuswa ekusebenziseni imvume yokusekela futhi kuhambisane nemisebenzi esekelwe kumkhondo ngokusekelwe kolwazi oluzenzakalelayo.
Ukusebenza okuphansi : I-NextGen ihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza okuphansi okubonakalayo nokusetshenziswa kwe-Heads-Up Display (HUDs), i-Enhanced Flight Vision System (EFVS) ne-Ground Based Incrementation System Landing System III, okuzohlinzeka indlela yokuhamba ngezindiza -ngaphansi kwezimo ezisezingeni eliphansi.
Uhlelo Lokuthuthukisa Isikhumulo sezindiza: Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo nentuthuko yezindiza kanye nemigwaqo yokuthuthukisa amandla nokusebenza.
Ukuthuthukiswa kweDisk yeDisk: Ukuthuthukiswa kwe- Cockpit kuyokwethwa ngamasevisi we-TIS-B ne-FIS-B wezimoto nezibuyekezo zesimo sezulu ku-cockpit, i-EFBs, ehlinzeka ngolwazi oluningi ngefomethi ye-elekthronikhi, kanye ne-Synthetic Vision Systems, ehlinzeka ngolwazi lwangaphandle lwezobuchwepheshe i-cockpit. Futhi, ukufinyeleleka kwe-SWIM (AAtS) okufakwe emoyeni kuzonikeza abasebenza ngezindiza ukufinyelela kwangempela ku-SWIM. Olunye uhlelo olubizwa nge-Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS-X) luzosebenza njenge-TCAS, kodwa nge-alamu engezansi.
I-NVS : I-NAS Voice System izovuselela ingqalasizinda yokuxhumana, ngokuqondile ukushintshwa okuhilelekile ekuxhumaniseni ukulawula ukuhamba kwezindiza, ukusingatha kangcono ukuxhumana kwezanamuhla kwesistimu yethrafikhi yomoya.
Ama-Technologies Management Management Technologies (CATMT) : I-CATMT isichazamazwi sokubambisana nokwabiwa kwedatha phakathi kwabaphathi bezimoto zomoya ukuze kwenziwe ngcono emigwaqweni yendiza, ukuhlela umzila nokuphenywa kokulibaziseka.
Isevisi Yokusekela Ejwayelekile-Isimo Sezulu (CSS-Wx) : I-CSS-Wx ibizwa ngokuthi i-NNEW, noma i-NextGen Network Enabled Weather. Ngo-2016, i-FAA izoqala ukusakaza ulwazi oluhambisana nolwazi lwezulu oluvela kumthombo owodwa kuphela. Ulwazi lwezulu luzohlanganiswa yi-FAA ne-NOAA futhi lunikezwe kwi-NextGen Weather Processor (NWP).
I-AIRE: I- AIRE imele i-Atlantic Interoperability Initiative yokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamandla, futhi uhlelo lwamazwe omhlaba olubambisana phakathi kwe-United States ne-European Commission ukusebenzela izixazululo ezinobungozi emkhakheni wezindiza.