Uyini Ukucwaswa Kweminyaka Emisebenzini Yomsebenzi?

Funda nge-ADEA

Uma ucabanga ukuthi bonke abaqashi balinganisa ubudala nangolwazi, lezi zibalo ziyoba ukuvusa kabi. Ngisho noma uMthetho Wokucwaswa KwezeMinyaka Elingu-Age usayinwe emthethweni ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka edlule, abanye abaqashi abazange bavinjelwe ngokwenza izinqumo zomsebenzi ngokususelwa eminyakeni yobudala bomsebenzi noma yomsebenzi. Ngonyaka wezimali 2017, i-EEOC ithole izikhalazo ezingu-18 376 ngokubandlululwa kweminyaka (Ukubandlululwa Kweminyaka Emisebenzini Yomsebenzi FY 1997 - FY 2017.

Ikhomishana Yokulingana Emathuba Emisebenzi).

Abalobi uDavid Neumark, u-Ian Burn, noPatrick Button ekuHlanyelweni KwezeMinyaka kanye Nokuqasha Abasebenzi Abadala (i-Federal Reserve Bank yeSan Francisco Economic Letter, ngoFebruwari 27, 2017) wabhala ukuthi, ngokusekelwe kocwaningo ababenalo, abasebenzi basebekhulile bathola izingcingo ezimbalwa zomsebenzi izingxoxo kunabasebenzi abasebasha, abafakizicelo besifazane abasebekhulile bathola izingcingo ezimbalwa zokufaka izicelo zokusiza kanye nezokuthengisa, kanti abafakizicelo abesilisa abadala babebizwa ngokuphindaphindiwe kunabalingani babo abancane abafake izicelo zokulondolozwa kwemikhakha kanye nezokuphepha. Ukucwaswa kubonakala, ngokusho kocwaningo, ukuba kuvezwe ngokwengeziwe kwabesifazane kunabafakizicelo besilisa.

Ngokususelwa kwinani lesikhalazo yi-EEOC etholakele nocwaningo lwe-Neumark, uBurn, noButton, lo mthetho usadinga kakhulu. Nakuba abaqashi abaningi bengabheki iminyaka yobudala ukuba babe yingxenye lapho benza ukuqasha nezinye izinqumo zomsebenzi, okwanele okwamanje.

Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwenkathi ethile-futhi uma ungenjalo manje, uzobe unake kakhulu usuku. Ungadinga lo mthetho ukukuvikela.

Iyini Ukucwaswa Kweminyaka Emthethweni Wokuqashwa?

I-ADEA ivimbela abaqashi ekwenzeni umsebenzi nokuqasha izinqumo ngokususelwa eminyakeni yobudala bomsebenzi noma yomsebenzi. Umthetho uvikela abantu okungenani abaneminyaka engama-40 ubudala.

Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi umuntu obandlululayo angaba ngumdala ofanayo noma owedlule kunalesi sihluku. Ukuze ube ngaphansi kwalo mthetho, inhlangano kumele ibe nabasebenzi okungenani abangu-20. Ikomidi le-Equal Employment Commission (i-EEOC) liqinisekisa ukucwaswa kwezeMinyaka eMnyangweni Wokuqasha (Ukucwaswa Kweminyaka.

Ukucwaswa Kweminyaka Emthethweni Wokuqashwa Kuvikela Kanjani?

Ngokusho kweKhomishana ye-Equal Employment Commission (EEOC), uMthetho Wokucwaswa KwezeMinyaka eMnyangweni WezeMisebenzi wenza kube mthethweni kumqashi ukubandlulula isisebenzi ngenxa yobudala bakhe. Nazi izinto i-ADEA ezithi ayikho emthethweni:

• Umqashi ngeke akwazi ukuqasha noma ukuqasha umfakisicelo ngenxa yobudala bakhe futhi akakwazi ukubandlulula ngokusekelwe kulokhu kubaluleka lapho beqashelwa ukhetho lomsebenzi, ukukhangisa komsebenzi, noma abahloli bokuhlola.
• Inkampani ayikwazi ukushisa isisebenzi ngenxa yobudala bayo.
• Umqashi akakwazi ukusebenzisa iminyaka yakhe ukuhlukanisa, ukuhlukanisa, noma ukunciphisa isisebenzi uma lokhu kuzosithinta kabi isimo sakhe noma kumthinte amathuba okuthuthuka .
• Inkokhelo yomsebenzi ayikwazi ukususelwa eminyakeni yakhe.
• Umqashi angangena esikhaleni kuphela lapho enza isinqumo esithinta umsebenzi uma sibhekene neziqu eziyimfuneko ezidingekayo ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi.

• Ukuhlukumeza umuntu, ngokususelwa eminyakeni yakhe, akuvumelekile, ngokwe-ADEA.
• Umqashi akakwazi ukufaka inqubomgomo, ngisho noma isebenza kubo bonke abanye abasebenzi, uma kuthinta abasebenzi noma abafake izicelo ababhekene nokucwaswa kwezeMinyaka eMnyangweni wezeMisebenzi ngenxa yobudala babo futhi akusekelwe eqinisweni elingenalutho ngaphandle kweminyaka.
• Ukuchitshiyelwa kwe-ADEA, Umthetho Wokuvikela Abasebenzi Abadala, uvimbela izinhlangano ukuthi zisebenzise iminyaka ukuze zithole izinzuzo futhi zibhekiswe kwabasebenzi asebekhulile lapho benza abasebenzi . Kudinga ukuthi abaqashi balandele izivikelo ezithile lapho becela abasebenzi asebekhulile ukuba basayine ukuyeka ukuyeka ilungelo labo lokusola ngokubandlulula ubudala (Barbara Kate Repa, Nolo).

Yini Ongayenza Uma Ucabanga Wena Uhlukunyezwa Ngokucwaswa Kweminyaka?

Uma unezizathu ezizwakalayo zokukholelwa ukuthi umqashi wakho noma umqashi ozobe ehluleka ukulandela ukucwaswa kwe-Age emisebenzini yomsebenzi, unezinsuku ezingu-180 zekhalenda ukufaka isicelo seKhomishana ye-Equal Employment Commission.

Lowo mkhawulo wesikhathi unwetshelwe ezinsukwini ezingu-300 uma isimo sakho sine-anti-age discrimination umthetho kanye ne-ejensi noma igunya eliliqinisa.

Yiya e-EEOC Public Portal ukufaka icala lokubandlululwa kweminyaka, uthumele uphenyo, noma uhlele i-aphoyintimenti kunoma yiliphi ihhovisi lezinsizakalo ze-EEOC. Ungavakashela noma yiliphi ihhovisi ngaphandle kokwenza i-aphoyintimenti. I-EEOC iphinda ithole izingcingo kodwa awukwazi ukuhambisa isimangalo ngaleyo ndlela. Ulungele noma yimaphi amadokhumenti asekela igama lakho, kufaka phakathi noma ubani owakubonile (i-EEOC, indlela yokufaka isicelo sokucwaswa komsebenzi).