I-Pilot-Eligible, i-S-LSA, i-E-LSA, ne-E-AB
I-Light Sport Aircraft (LSA) yayisilokhu ikhuphuka, kepha ihlukumezile ukugcina ukuqina okukhona lapho beqala ukungena emakethe. Noma kunjalo, abashayeli bezindiza namuhla bangathola isitifiketi sezindiza zemidlalo ngendiza encane yezemidlalo ngemali encane nangesikhathi esingaphansi kwelayisensi yendiza yangasese yangasese. Lezi zindiza ezincane nazo ziyabiza futhi zisebenza kangcono kunezindiza zokuqeqesha zendiza ezedlule.
Pho kungani bengathandwa kakhulu?
Yikuphi Ukushayela Kwezindiza Ekhanyayo
Ngencazelo, indiza yezemidlalo elula, noma i-LSA, kumele ibe nale:
- Isisindo esikhulu sokuthatha okungu-1320 lbs noma ngaphansi (1430 emisebenzini yamanzi).
- I-airspeed ephezulu (Vh) yama-120 ama-CAS ama-knots (indiza yezinga, amandla amakhulu okuqhubekayo, izimo ezijwayelekile).
- Ukuze uthole isiteji, isivinini esingapheli isikhathi esingaphezulu (Vne) sama-knots angu-120 noma ngaphansi.
- I-Vs1 (isivinini sokugaya ngaphandle kwama-flaps) angaphezu kwama-40 ama-CAS CAS (ngesisindo esikhulu sokuthatha kanye ne-CG ebaluleke kakhulu).
- Ukuhlala abantu abangaphezu kuka-2 (kufaka phakathi umshayeli).
- Injini eyodwa, yokubuyisela emuva.
- I-propell fixed pitched (noma i-ground-adjustable). Ama-gliders anikwe amandla analo kumele abe nokukwazi ukuzenzekelayo uma ehlomekile.
- I-gyroplanes, uhlelo olumisiwe lwe-rotor-pitch, le-rigid, ne-teetering blade system.
- I-cabin engacindezelwe.
- Amagesi wokugibela ahleliwe, ngaphandle kwezindiza ezisebenza emanzini naseziglidini, okungenzeka kube negiya elihleliwe noma elihlehlisiwe.
Izinhlobo nokuHlelwa
Izindiza zemidlalo ekhanyayo zingaba yizindiza ezijwayelekile noma zokuhlola futhi zifaka izigulisi, ama-gyroplanes, i-powered-parachute, izindiza zokulawula isisindo, amabhaluni, nezindiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-LSA ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezine:
- Isigaba Esijwayelekile / Umshayeli Wezemidlalo-Ilungelo: izindiza zangaphambili ezikhona ezenzekayo ukuze zihlangabezane nezimfuneko ze-LSA futhi zingadluliswa yizindiza zezemidlalo.
- I-S-LSA: Izindiza ezikhethekile zokukhanya-ezemidlalo ziyizindiza ezakhiwe ngefektri ezilungiselelwe ngokuqondile amazinga we-LSA. Ama-S-LSA ahlangana ne-ASTM (i-American Society for Testing & Materials) amazinga okuvumelana futhi asekulungele ukuhamba lapho edayiswa. Zingagcinwa ngumshini ojwayelekile we-A & P noma umkhandi ophethe ukulinganisa kwe-FAA LSA.
- I-E-LSA: Izindiza zemidlalo yokuhlola ezihlolwayo zithengiswa njengezikhamera, futhi zingakhiwa ekhaya ngokuhambisana nencwadi yomkhiqizi nemiyalelo. Abakhiqizi be-E-LSA nabo bavumelana ne-ASTM.
- I-E-AB: Izindiza zokuhlola amateur azizona zonke izinhlangano njengezindiza zemidlalo elula. Kodwa indiza yemidlalo elula ingahle ibekwe njengengqondo eyenziwe ngamateyimu. Izindiza ze-E-AB ziyizindiza ezakhiwe ekhaya, futhi uma zihlangabezana nomklamo we-LSA nezidingo zokusebenza, zingadluliselwa yizindiza zezemidlalo. Njengoba izindiza ze-E-AB zibandakanya ukwakhiwa kwekhaya olunzulu kune-E-LSA, indiza inqunyelwe ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukuqeqeshwa kwezindiza (ngaphandle komnikazi wendiza ngokwakhe) noma ukuqashwa.
Izibonelo zezindiza zemidlalo elula zihlanganisa iCessna 162 Skycatcher kanye neTerrafugia Transition .
Izinzuzo ze-Light Sport Aircraft
- Amanani aphansi okuthengwa nezindleko zokugcina.
- Simple futhi kulula ukuhamba.
- Ukuqeqeshwa komshayeli wezemidlalo kungagcwaliswa ngamahora ambalwa okushayela kunezinye izitifiketi, okwenza kube inketho yokuqeqeshwa eshibhile.
- Umshayeli wesifunda othola isitifikedi sokushayela imoto akadingi isitifiketi sezokwelapha ezikhathini eziningi.
- Imakethe entsha nokwandisa.
Ukungahleleki kwe-Air Sport Light
- Ingaphakathi elincanyana lisho igumbi elincane lomlenze.
- Isikhala esincane semithwalo nezinsizakalo ezincane zesisindo.
- Ibanga elifushane kanye nokushesha kwezindiza.
- Abagibeli bezemidlalo bavinjelwe osukwini lwe-VFR ezindiza ezindizeni ezingenamandla.
- Ingozi ehlobene nezindiza ezintsha kanye / noma zokuhlola.
I-Medical Issue
Isinyathelo esivamile sokuba abaqhubi bezemidlalo bangakwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kokuthola isitifiketi sezokwelapha . Ngokujwayelekile, umuntu angaba umshayeli wezemidlalo onomvume wokushayela kuphela, kodwa kukhona okuhlukile:
- Noma yimuphi umuntu ophikisiwe isitifiketi sezokwelapha esikhathini esidlule akakulungele ukusebenzisa ilayisensi yokushayela ukuqala ukuqina kwempilo yezindiza. Uma unqatshelwe ukwelashwa kwezindiza, kufanele ufake isicelo sokuxoshwa noma ukwelashwa okhethekile okumele ukuvunyelwe ngaphambi kokushayela njengomshayeli wezemidlalo.
- Abashayeli bezindiza abedlule noma bamanje abaye bavumela isitifiketi sabo sezokwelapha baphelelwe isikhathi bangasebenzisa ilayisense yokushayela ukuthola ukufaneleka kwezokwelapha kwamalungelo okushayela ezemidlalo, uma nje bengakaze banikwe isitifiketi sezokwelapha.
- Okokugcina, noma yisiphi isitifiketi noma ukulinganisa, umshayeli wendiza kudingeka ahlole ukuqina kwakhe ngaphambi kokuba ahambe. Ngakho-ke, i-FAA ithi umuntu onemibandela yezokwelapha eyaziwayo engaphazamisa imisebenzi yezindiza ayifaneleki isitifiketi sokushayela kwezemidlalo ngaphandle kokuba lowo muntu athole isitifiketi sezokwelapha esivumelekile.
Ngakho kungani izindiza zemidlalo elula zingathandwa kakhulu kunezimboni ezilindelekile? Mhlawumbe ngenxa yemingcele ehilelekile. Abaningi abaqala ukuqeqeshwa kwezindiza njengomshayeli wezemidlalo ngokushesha baqaphela ukubaluleka okunikezwa isitifiketi somshayeli wangasese futhi bashintsha ekuqeqesheni umshayeli wendabuko wangasese. Noma mhlawumbe imboni yayingacabangi inani labashayeli bezindiza ababengazisebenzisa ngokukwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kwezokwelapha. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yikuphi, imboni yezindiza zemidlalo elula ihlehlisiwe eminyakeni embalwa edlule.