Ukusebenzisa i-IRR kuyindlela yokuhlaziya ukutshalwa kwezimali okulindelekile (noma okwenziwe) ukubuya kuyahlukahluka unyaka nonyaka noma isikhathi kuya esikhathini.
Ngaphandle kwezikhali zesikweletu eziletha izinga lokuphindaphinda njalo empilweni yazo, ukuhluka okunjalo kuyinto evamile. Indlela ye-IRR iyisidingo sokuthola isilinganiso esisodwa, isilinganiso esilinganiselwe sokwebuyiswa esimweni esinjalo.
Uma izinga langempela lesaphulelo (okuyizindleko zezinkokhelo zezimali eziya enkampanini noma kumtshali-mali ombuzo) liphansi kune-IRR, iphrojekthi noma utshalomali kufanele kwenziwe. Yisinqumo sokwenza isinqumo sezithupha lapho i-IRR isetshenziswa ithuluzi lokuhlaziya ukuhlola amaphrojekthi noma izimali.
Isibonelo Esilula Sokubala
Uboleka imali engu-$ 1,000 kumuntu othile. Ngokwemibandela yemalimboleko, uzothola inkokhelo yentela ka-11% ($ 110) ekupheleni konyaka wokuqala, futhi ukukhokha inzalo ka-20% ($ 200) ekuphetheni komnyaka wesibili, ngaleso sikhathi nawe uzobe thola inhloko yakho eyinhloko engu-$ 1,000.
I-IRR yakho, noma I-Internal Rate of Return, kule mboleko, izoba ngu-15.1825%.
Nasi ubufakazi balowo mphumela:
Inani lamanje lalingu-$ 110 lingu-$ 95.50, linikezwe isilinganiso sesaphulelo esingu-15.1825%.
Okusho ukuthi, i-$ 110 / 1.151825 = $ 95.50
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, inani lamanje lalingamaRandi ayi-1,200 lingu-$ 904.50, linikezwe isamba sesaphulelo esingu-15.1825%.
Ngokuqondile, i-$ 1,200 / ((1.151825) ^ 2) = $ 904.50
Futhi, $ 95.50 + $ 904.50 = $ 1,000.00
Ukusebenzisa i-IRR
I-HP12c Financial Calculator iyithuluzi le-classic, namanje lisetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa, ukubalwa kwe-IRR, noma izinga lokubuyiselwa kwangaphakathi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo eziningi zesipredishithi, njenge-Microsoft Excel, zinikeza isisetshenziswa ukuyibala.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-IRR
Isilinganiso sangaphakathi sokubuyisa, njengoba kuphawuliwe ekuqaleni, ithuluzi elihlonishwa isikhathi ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezezimali. Ekuhlaziyweni kwephrojekthi, isibonelo, kuvame ukusetshenziswa ukucacisa ukuthi ngabe kwenziwa yini iphrojekthi enikeziwe. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kucacisiwe esigabeni esilandelayo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-IRR ngendlela enhle kakhulu kunomkhawulo wokusetshenziswa kwezibalo ezibikezelwe, okungenzeka noma ezingafinyeleleki.
Ngendlela ebukeka emuva, i-IRR isetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukusebenza kwangempela kwezimali. Izimali zokutshalwa kwezimali, ikakhulukazi i-hedge funds, zijwayele ukucaphuna njengenkomba ebalulekile yamarekhodi abo.
Ngokuvamile, i-IRR iyimethrikhi evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuhlola izimali zangempela noma ezingase zibe khona lapho izinzuzo ziye zahluka noma kulindeleke ukuthi ziguquke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Esikhathini esibonakalayo sezinombolo ezilula ngenhla, umbolekisi ongenakho uyothola ukuphindwa kweminyaka ejwayelekile yonyaka we-15.18% ngemali yakhe futhi kufanele uqhathanise nalomunye amathuba okutshala izimali ukuze ahlulele ukufunwa kwawo.
Ukulinganiselwa kwe-IRR Ukuhlaziywa
Imbuyiselo ehlongozweyo noma ebikezelwe ingase ingenzi njengoba ilindeleke.
Iphrojekthi noma utshalomali nge-IRR engalindelekile encane ingase ifaneleke uma lelo IRR elingaphansi lingathola imali enkulu.
Isibonelo, ithuba lokuthola imali engu-30% ekutshalweni kwe $ 100,000 kuletha umvuzo omkhulu kunama-40% ku-$ 1,000.
Iphrojekthi noma utshalomali nge-IRR engalindelekile encane ingase ifaneleke uma leyo IRR ephansi ingazuzwa isikhathi eside. Isibonelo, ukuthola imali engama-30% ngaphezulu kweminyaka emine, okuphindaphindiwe ukutshala izimali zakho, ngokuqinisekile kungcono okungcono kunokuthola imali engu-40% ngonyaka owodwa futhi ube nethemba elingenakulindelekile lokuvuselela emva kwalokho.
I-IRR jikelele yephothifoliyo yokutshalwa kwezimali ayikho isilinganiso se-IRRs kumsebenzi ngamunye, ukuphepha noma ukutshala izimali kulo. Esikhundleni salokho, i-IRR jikelele yephothifoliyo enezindleko eziphezulu zokuqala kwezimali ngokuyinhloko ikhulu kune-IRR jikelele yephothifoliyo lapho inzuzo enkulu ifika khona kamuva, ngisho noma leyo yamuva inenzuzo enkulu ngaphezu kwesikhathi.
Ngakho-ke, abaphathi bezilinganiso ezizimele bavame ukufuna ukukhiqiza i-IRR ephakeme kwiphothifoliyo yokutshala izimali ngokufaka imali yokuwina izimali ekuqaleni kokugcina ukulahlekelwa izimali isikhathi eside.
Ukulinganiselwa kokuhlaziywa kwe-IRR, ingxoxo enhle kakhulu itholakala ku-athikili ethi "Ukulinganisa ukubuya, cabanga ngalokho okulahlekile" nguJohn Kay, Financial Times , 9/8/2010.
Futhi eyaziwa njenge- Internal Rate of Return, I-Hurdle Rate, I-Compound Rate of Return, I-Compound Interest.