Ukuqeda ukukhishwa kwempahla kunengqondo. Izinkampani ezikhethekile zanikeza izinsizakalo zabo ezinkampanini eziningi zamakhasimende ngamanani aphansi kunezinkampani zamaklayenti ezingenza umsebenzi endlini. Zombili izinkampani, umhlinzeki wesevisi, kanye nekhasimende elitholakale kuloluhlelo.
Ngeshwa, njengokwakhiwa kwezingqungquthela ngaphambi kwalo, ukukhishwa kwempahla kwangena ngokweqile. Izinkampani zaqala ukukhishwa komsebenzi kumthengi ophansi kakhulu futhi zalahlekelwa umphumela wendlela eyayinayo enkampanini ngaphandle kwezimali. Ukusebenzisa lo msebenzi "izinkampani zangaphandle" noma "ezinhlangothini ezikude", ukuzisebenzisa kuphela amazinga aphansi ezemisebenzi kulawo mazwe, waziwa ngokuthi yi-offshoring.
Ukucasuka kwemisebenzi yobuchwepheshe kanye nezobuchwepheshe yizinkampani zase-US kwenziwa ukonga imali, kodwa kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka. Njengoba i-US ihlukumezeka ekubuyiseleni kwezomnotho, izinga lokudalwa kwemisebenzi lihle kakhulu ngemuva kwezinga elilindelekile. Kunokukhathazeka okukhulayo ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yokucasula.
Ukuxoshwa akuyona indlela yokwelapha-konke okuvezwe yibhizinisi noma abasebenzi abashiywe yi-monster abalahlwe phansi. Nakuba ukucasula kunenzuzo yezezimali kwamabhizinisi, lezi zinzuzo zivame kakhulu kunalokho okulindeleke kuqala ngenxa yezindleko ezifihliwe.
Kukhona nezindleko ezingezona ezezimali kumabhizinisi avela ku-offshoring, kubandakanya ukubuka komphakathi okunciphise futhi ukunciphisa ukuziphatha / ukukhiqizwa kwabasebenzi abasele. Ukuxoshwa kungazuzisa abasebenzi bezinkampani zase-US ngoba abaqashi bazo bayoba namandla ngokwezimali futhi bakwazi ukukwazi ukuncintisana.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwamuva
Ekuqaleni, imisebenzi yokukhiqiza yayingaphandle.
Amanye amazwe akwazi ukukhiqiza izimpahla ezingabizi kakhulu kunase-US ngenxa yamazinga aphansi okuphila kanye nemithetho encane yokuvimbela nemithethonqubo yemvelo. Muva nje, izinkampani seziqalile ukukhishwa kwemisebenzi yesevisi.
Isisusa lapha kuphela sezimali. Njengoba lolu gagasi olusha lokuxoshwa luhlukumeza ekilasini eliphakathi, libhekene nesikhathi esingeke sisebenze sokuvuselela ngokwezomnotho, izakhamizi eziningi kanye nabomthetho baqala ukubuza ukuhlakanipha kokucasula.
Ingemuva
Kwaphela amashumi eminyaka izinkampani zandisa izinkampani zabo ngokuthenga ezinye izinkampani. Okokuqala, lezi zinkampani zaziyizinkampani ezihlobene, ngokuvamile abahlinzeki. Ngokushesha ama-conglomerate aqala ukuthenga izinkampani ezingenalo ubudlelwane. Izisusa zokuzuzisa kanye nesifiso sokuba yiyona enkulu yaba ilungelo elanele. Ekugcineni, ama-conglomerate aqala ukuwa ngaphansi kwesisindo sezinkampani ezitholakale.
Izinzuzo zaqala ukuwa futhi izinkampani zaqala ukuphinda zibuyele emabhizinisini abo "okuyisisekelo". Ngokulandelayo, bathola ukuthi bangakwazi ukuchitha ngisho nemisebenzi eyinhloko ngokubashayela ezinkampanini ezingabenza kahle ngokwengeziwe futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, kancane kancane. Ukucubungula izinkokhelo kwakunamathiselwe ngaphansi. Ukuthunyelwa kwakhiwe ngaphandle. Ngakho kwakukhiqizwa. Izinkampani zaziqashiwe ukwenza amaqoqo, izikhungo zocingo zamakhasimende, nezinzuzo zomsebenzi.
Ngokubambisana, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukukhipha imali.
Ukuqeda ukukhishwa kwempahla kunengqondo. Izinkampani ezikhethekile zanikeza izinsizakalo zabo ezinkampanini eziningi zamakhasimende ngamanani aphansi kunezinkampani zamaklayenti ezingenza umsebenzi endlini. Zombili izinkampani, umhlinzeki wesevisi, kanye nekhasimende elitholakale kuloluhlelo.
Ngeshwa, njengokwakhiwa kwezingqungquthela ngaphambi kwalo, ukukhishwa kwempahla kwangena ngokweqile. Izinkampani zaqala ukukhishwa komsebenzi kumthengi ophansi kakhulu futhi zalahlekelwa umphumela wendlela eyayinayo enkampanini ngaphandle kwezimali. Ukusebenzisa lo msebenzi "izinkampani zangaphandle" noma "ezinhlangothini ezikude", ukuzisebenzisa kuphela amazinga aphansi ezemisebenzi kulawo mazwe, waziwa ngokuthi yi-offshoring.
Izinzuzo
Izimpikiswano zesikhungo sokucasula mayelana nokuhwebelana kwamahhala kanye nokuhwebelana kwezwe.
- Lapho umkhiqizo noma isevisi ingenziwa ukhiqizwa ngokwezezimali ngaphesheya kwezwe, kunengqondo ukuyifaka ngaphandle kokuyikhiqiza ekhaya.
- Imali engenayo eyitholwa phesheya ibuyela kuleli zwe ngenkokhelo yabanye abasebenzi, ukutshala imali ku-R & D, inzuzo yabanikazi bamasheya, nezintela zikahulumeni.
- Akunandaba ukuthi umsebenzi wenziwa kuphi uma izinkampani zase-US zithola inzuzo ukubuyela kubanikazi babo.
- Izinkampani kufanele zenze okungcono kakhulu zona.
- Izimpahla ezisezingeni eliphansi namasevisi zilungile kubo bonke abathengi.
- Imisebenzi emisha, eyinkimbinkimbi izokwenziwa eNamerica ukugcwalisa lokho okushiwo manje ukuthi imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu ithunyelwe ngaphandle kwezwe.
- Kuzosiza ekuthuthukiseni umnotho wezwe elihluphekile ngakho ngeke badinge usizo oluningi lwezezimali oluvela e-US.
I-Cons
Amaphuzu ngokumelene nokucasula kugxila emithethweni kumthengi waseMelika kanye nengozi yokuphefumula kobuchopho.
- Njengoba amanani awela kancane kancane ngenxa yokucasula, ngenkathi inkokhelo yehle kakhulu, umthengi ngeke akwazi ukuthenga umkhiqizo noma isevisi.
- I-America yakwazi ukuvula injini yezomnotho enamandla eyayiqeda iMpi Yezwe II. Ukucasula kubhubhisa ikhono lokwenza lokho futhi.
- Inzuzo eningi eyenziwa ngokususwa kwezimali igcinwa yizicebile, kanti isigaba esiphakathi sikhokhisa intela ephezulu futhi ilahlekelwa amandla okuthenga.
- Izisebenzi zangaphandle azibandakanyeki ku-US Social Security noma ezinye izintela. Imali engenayo yentela evela ezinkampanini zenkampani ayilingani inani elahlekile kubasebenzi base-US intela yentela.
- Izinkampani zingasindisa izindleko ezengeziwe ngokuxosha umsebenzi we-CEO. Umlingisi we-computer wase-US uthola izikhathi ezingu-6 kuya kweziyisikhombisa umlingani wakhe waseNdiya, kepha i-CEO yase-US ikhokhwa izikhathi ezingu-400 ngokulingana nesisebenzi sakhe esiphezulu.
- "Imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu" abasebenzi base-US kufanele baqhubekele kuyo manje ukuthi imisebenzi yabo iye yaphuma ngaphandle. Akukaze zichazwe ngokuqinile. Futhi kuyisimangaliso kumsebenzi wase-US oqeqeshwe "imisebenzi yesikhathi esizayo" kuphela ukuze abone leyo misebenzi yokuhlela ikhompyutha ngaphandle.
- Izimpahla kanye nezinsizakalo eziye zasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe zivame ukuthunyelwa kumazwe anemithetho engeyona yokuvikela abasebenzi kanye nemvelo njengase-US. Ekugcineni sizokhokhela labo bantu abangaphezu kokulimala emhlabeni.
Lapho Uqala khona
- Ukuxoshwa njengamanje kubonakala njengenye indlela yokuthi abaphathi bezinkampani eziphezulu abacebile bazuze izindleko zabasebenzi ngabanye.
- Ukusetshenziselwa ukuqashwa kwamabhizinisi angayenza ngokuphumelelayo futhi kancane kancane kunengqondo, uma nje ephansi kakhulu ephansi.
- Izindleko ezifihliwe zifaka ingozi ukuthi abathengi bayoyeka ukuthenga kusuka ezinkampanini ezithintekayo.
- Imisebenzi yokuxoshwa ithi abasebenzi baseMelika abangasebenzi ngeke bakwazi ukuthenga imikhiqizo kanye nezinsizakalo nabasebenzi abaphansi abakhokhelwayo ngaphandle kwezwe ngeke bazuze ngokwanele ukuzithenga. Izinkampani ezigcina imali ngokucasula zizophuma ebhizinisini ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamakhasimende.
- Ukuxoshwa kunengqondo kuphela uma usindisa imali engezansi.