UDonald Trump uye waxosha uBoing ngezindleko ezilinganisiwe zezindiza ezilandelayo ze Air Air One . Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umbono wakhe ushintsha isu likaBoeing lihlala libonakala. Futhi nakuba wena noma mina ngeke sinyathele ku-Air Force One nganoma yisiphi isikhathi maduzane, ushintsho olunenjongo olwengeziwe luyenzeka embonini yezindiza ezizoshintsha indlela umphakathi ohamba ngayo, futhi usuvele ungaboni ukuthi ubani ongaphandle kwemboni.
I-jumbo jet iyahamba. Ukuthuthwa kwe-jet ezine-injini eningi kakhulu ebonakalayo ngendlela ye-Epic Boeing 747 iphenduka ngokushesha. "I-Queen of the Skies" idlulisela umqhele wayo enkathini encane neyinkimbinkimbi yezindiza.
Eyamukelwa futhi yadalwa ngawo-1960 ukuphatha abagibeli bezwe phezu kolwandle nasemhlabeni wonke, i-Boeing 747 yayihloswe ukuba yikusasa lomkhumbi we-transoceanic. Futhi cishe iminyaka engama-50, yenze kahle lokho. Njengoba likwazi ukuphatha abagibeli abangu-500 ngamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-7 000 (noma amaphilisi angu-274,000 wemikhumbi engaphezu kwamakhilomitha angu-2 000), ama-747 aphakamisa imboni ye-Boeing ne-US e-aerospace esikhathini esibalulekile emlandweni - isikhathi nangemva kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi.
Ngo-1966, kwakhiqizwa okungaphezu kuka-80 747s. Ngo-1991 inani lase likhuphuke laba ngaphezu kuka-120 njengoba ibhizinisi lomoya lokuhweba lisaqhubeka. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, imboni yezindiza njengoba sazi ukuthi seyashintsha kakade.
Isistimu ye-hub-and-talk eyabangela abagibeli ukuba bafike endaweni ephakathi kokuphuma lapho bekwazi ukulayishwa khona phakathi kwezindiza ezinkulu ze-injini ezinezigelekeqe kakade zaqala ukulimala. Abagibeli bahlale befuna izindiza eziqondile futhi njengoba ama-hubs amakhulu ehamba ngokugcwele, izindiza zezindiza zithuthele izindiza eziqondile ezivela ezikhungweni zezindiza eziseSatellite nasemadolobheni amancane - isevisi engcono kakhulu enikezwa ama-jet twin-injini njenge-787 Dreamliner ne-Airbus A350.
Futhi njengoba lezi jets ze-twin-injini ezisebenzayo zisebenza kahle , zikhonza imizila ye-transoceanic eyayisesizinda se-747. I-Boeing ayizange ikhiqize izindiza ezingu-80 747 futhi, ngemuva kokudiliza ama-1500th 747 ngoJuni 2014, inkampani yayikhiqiza ngaphansi kuka-10 ngonyaka. NgoJanuwari 2016, uBoeing wamemezela ukuthi kuzonciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezingu-747 nangaphezulu, kuya kweziyisithupha kuphela ngonyaka.
Namuhla i-747 isuswa yizinguquko ezinkulu ezinjenge-twin-injini ezifana ne-Boeing 777, manje esethulwe ukuze zamukele abagibeli abangaphezu kuka-400, nezinguqulo ezinkulu kakhulu ebhodini lokudweba, ne-Boeing 787 Dreamliner. UBoing uthi kungenzeka maduze ukuyeka ukukhiqizwa kwama-747 ngokugcwele, echaza isidingo esincane semigwaqo yamazwe ngamazwe nokukhula okusheshayo emakethe yomhlaba wonke.
I-747 akuyona kuphela i-jumbo jet nxazonke. Okungenani amajetshi amabili egijimi abagibeli abane asebenzile ezimakethe eceleni kweBoing 747 ngesikhathi sokubusa kwawo futhi sizoqhubeka nokubona ezinye zazo emoyeni iminyaka ezayo. I-Airbus A340 ibambe iqhaza emakethe ye-long-haul ngaphambi kokuba isitifiketi se-ETOPS se-twin-engine sibe yinto, kanti i-Airbus A380, ecatshangwa ukuthi iyisiphetho sezwe ezindizeni ezindala, nayo iphelile uma isikhathi sayo, nakuba u-Emirates engathandi ukucabanga ngalokho.
I-Airbus A340 inezinjini ezine, okwenza ivikeleke emikhawulweni ye-ETOP ngakho-ke isinqumo esicacile nesithandwayo sezindiza eziqhuba izindiza zezindiza ezingaphandle kwamanye amazwe, kodwa ngokushesha zatshintshwa izindiza ezintsha nezinjini eziphuthumayo. I-A340 yangena inkonzo yokuqala ngo-1993 kodwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-10 yenkampani leyo yalahlekelwa iningi lamakhasimende ayo a-A340 eBoeing ka-777 - indiza entsha, ehamba phambili kagesi kanye neyesikhathi eside. UBoing washeshe wakwazi ukuthola i-ETOPS 240 nangaphezulu kwezingu-777 ngezinjini zayo ezintsha, okwenza kube indawo efanelekayo ye-A340 futhi ngokuyinhloko kubulala noma yiliphi ithuba lezindiza endala. Izindiza ezingu-227 ze-A340 zisesezinkonzweni kusukela ngo-2015, kodwa ukukhiqizwa kwamiswa ngo-2011.
I-A380 nayo ibe yisisulu sezikhathi ezishintshayo embonini yezindiza kanye nomnotho womhlaba wonke.
Ngaphezu kokudlula kwezomnotho emhlabeni wonke ekuqaleni kwawo-2000, i-A380 ibhekene nezinhlungu eziningi ezikhulayo. Isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwe-A380 sasingeke sibe sibi nakakhulu. Ebhekene nokulibaziseka kokukhiqiza, yatholwa ngo-2005, ngemuva kokuhlelwa futhi ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwamaphekula kuWorld Trade Center eNew York City ngoSeptemba 11, 2001, eyayihlasela imboni yezindiza emhlabeni jikelele futhi yabangela ukwehla okuphawulekayo kokuhamba emoyeni kanye nokwehluleka komhlaba. Ngokungeziwe, i-jet jack jacker jumbo jet yahlangana nezinhlungu ezihlukahlukene ezikhulayo njengezinkomba zokuklama nezinselele zengqalasizinda zezindiza. Lokhu, njengoba uhlelo lwezokuthutha emoyeni lwaqala ukuguquka ukufaka amajetshi angama-twin-injini ephumelelayo afana ne-A350, 777, no-787, abathwali abangezindleko eziphansi futhi ukwehla emigwaqweni yezintambo nokukhuluma ngokuvumelana nephuzu-kuya- imigwaqo yendawo. Njengoba sinobuchule obuncintisanayo kanye nokusebenza kangcono, lezi zindiza ezintsha zazithela ngokushesha noma yikuphi ukuzithoba komzila i-A380 okungenzeka ukuthi yayinayo. Engeza kulokhu ukwehla kwezici zokulayisha jikelele, futhi akumangazi ukuthi izindiza zezindiza zaqala ukulayisha i-A380 futhi zakhansela oda ezivelele. Ekuqaleni u-Airbus uhlele ukukhiqiza ama-A380s angu-45 ngonyaka. Ukukhiqiza kwafika ngo-2013 ngo-42 futhi sekuwile ngokujulile kusukela, ezindiza ezimbili kuphela ezikhiqizwa ngo-2015.
Namuhla, i-Airbus incike ku-Emirates cishe ingxenye yesigamu sokuthengiswa kwe-A380 (i-Emirates yalalelwa abangu-142) futhi uBoing uxhomeke emakethe yempahla yokugcina umoya ukuze agcine i-747 iphila. Ngo-Okthoba 2016, i-UPS yayala izindiza ezingu-14 747-8, kanti amandla okukhula akhona namaphathi aphethe izinto ezifana ne-UPS ne-FedEx, ecabangela ukukhula kwe-inthanethi namabhizinisi amakhulu anjenge-Amazon.com. I-UPS namanye opharetha bezimpahla basesimweni esiqinile ukuze baqhubeke nokukhula kwabo, nakuba ukukhula kwabikezela ukuthi kuhambe kancane kunalindelekile. Futhi iBrithani Airways ingase ithathe umhlalaphansi ezimbalwa zazo ezingu-747, kodwa izinikele ekulondolozeni cishe ama-40 uma izindiza zayo ezingu-747 ezisele eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo.
Njengoba i-UPS ne-British Airways yizona kuphela abadlali abakhulu abasesemdlalweni, ingabe le ndege indiza izohlala isikhathi eside kangakanani enkonzweni?
Ngo-2014, i-Delta Air Lines yamemezela ukuthi izothatha izindiza zayo zezindiza ze-Boeing 747 ngo-2017. Ngo-2016, le nkampani yendiza yayisebenza kuphela ama-747. Ekuqaleni kuka-2016, i-United Airlines i-United Airlines yamemezela ukuthi le nkampani izobe ishesha ukuphumula umhlalaphansi wezingu-747 ezisele, ngenkonzo ekulindeleke ukuba iphele ngokuphelele ngo-2018. I-KLM yamemezela ngo-2015 ukuthi izothatha yonke imikhumbi yezindiza ezingu-747, nakuba inkampani yathi kuhloswe ukwandisa umhlalaphansi wezindiza zayo zokugcina ezingu-22 esikhathini eside, ngisho nangaphezulu kuka-2020. I-Singapore Airlines, Air France, neCathay Pacific, phakathi kwabanye, baye bamemezela izinhlelo zokuthatha umhlalaphansi ezingu-747. Abanye sebevele sebeqedile ngokugcwele ama-747 abo.
Kuzo izindiza, mhlawumbe kubagibeli, nakwezemvelo, izindiza ezisebenza ngokuphephezelayo nokunye okunemvelo, okuhambisana nemigwaqo eqondile, kuyindlela yokwamukela okuhle. Futhi-ke, njengezinhlanzi ezinkulu zasolwandle zasendulo, imishini enkulu yokugesi, imikhumbi engasebenzi kahle yezulu isibonile usuku lwabo. Kuyisikhathi esimnandi kulabo ababuka ukuphakama kwe-Boeing 747, babona indlela eshintshe ukuhamba emoyeni nomnotho wezwe njengoba sazi, futhi manje uzobukela ukuthi iqhume kuze kube sekushoneni kwelanga.