Imisebenzi yamapulazi ezinkukhu
Imithwalo yemithwalo yemifula yenkomo yenkukhu ihlanganisa:
- Ukuhambisa okuphakelayo
- Ukulawula imithi
- Ukuhlanza izindlu
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuphumula okufanelekile
- Ukususa izinyoni ezifile noma ezigulayo
- Ukugcina izakhiwo ngendlela efanele yokusebenza
- Ukuqapha ukuziphatha kwezimvu ukubona noma yiziphi izimpawu zokugula
- Izinyoni ezithutha ukuqhuma izitshalo
- Ukubuyisela izinsika nezinyoni ezincane
- Ukugcina amarekhodi eningiliziwe
- Ukubheka izinkukhu ezihlukahlukene zezinkukhu zasemapulazini
Izinkukhu ezikhiqiza izinkukhu zisebenza ngokubambisana nezilwane zezilwane ukuqinisekisa impilo yemfuyo yabo. Abamele ukuhlinzeka ngokudla kwezilwane kanye nokudla kwezilwane zezilwane bangase bacebise abakhiqizi bezinkukhu ukuthi bangakha kanjani ukulinganisa okunomsoco kwezakhiwo zabo.
Njengoba kunjalo nemisebenzi eminingi yokulima kwezilwane , umlimi wezinkukhu angadingeka ukuba asebenze amahora amaningi angafaka ubusuku, amavikikiki namaholide. Umsebenzi ungenziwa ngezimo zezulu ezihlukahlukene namazinga okushisa okweqile. Abasebenzi bangase bavezwe nezifo ezivame ukutholakala emikhiqizweni yemfucuza yenkukhu, njenge-salmonella noma i-E.
i-coli.
Izinketho zemisebenzi
Iningi lezinkukhu likhuphula izinhlobo zezinyoni ngezinhloso ezithile. Cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezinkukhu zezinkukhu zivela ekukhiqizeni ama-broilers, okuyizinkukhu ezincane eziphakanyiselwe inyama. Cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwekota yenzuzo yenkukhu ivela ekukhiqizeni kwamaqanda . Izinkukhu ezisele ezinyangeni zitholakala ekukhiqizeni ezinye izinhlobo ezinjengama-turkeys, amadada, izinyoni zezinyoni, izintshe, noma ama-emus.
Ngokusho kwe-USDA, amapulazi amaningi enkukhu aseMelika ahilelekile ekukhiqizeni inyama agxila ezindaweni eziseNyakatho-mpumalanga, eningizimu-mpumalanga, e-Appalachian, eDelta nase-Corn Belt, ezenza zibe sisondelene neziningi zezinkukhu zokucubungula izinkukhu. Umbuso onenani eliphakeme kakhulu lamapulazi ase-broiler yiGeorgia, elandelwa yi-Arkansas, Alabama, naseMississippi. I-US ingumkhiqizo wesibili omkhulu kunawo wonke wama-broilers, okwesibili kuphela eBrazil.
Amapulazi amaningi akhiqiza ama-broilers yizinhlelo ezinkulu zokuhweba ezihilelekile ekukhiqizeni kwe-broiler yangaphakathi. Ezinye izinhlobo zokulima kwe-broiler zikhiqizwa ngamahhala okukhiqizwa kwe-broiler noma ukukhiqizwa kwe-broiler ephilayo.
Imfundo Nokuqeqesha
Izinkukhu eziningi zezinkukhu zineziqu ezimbili noma ezine ezinezinkukhu zesayensi, isayensi yezilwane , ezolimo, noma indawo ehlobene eduze nesifundo. Kodwa-ke, i-degree ayidingekile ukuba ungene endleleni yomsebenzi. Izifundo zezindiza ezihlobene nezilwane zingafaka izinkukhu zesayensi, isayensi yezilwane, i-anatomy, i-physiology, ukukhiqiza, ukukhiqiza inyama, ukudla okunomsoco, izitshalo zesayensi, izakhi zofuzo, ukuphathwa kwepulazi, ubuchwepheshe kanye nokuthengisa kwezolimo.
Abalimi abaningi bezinkukhu bafunda ngemiboni eminyakeni yabo encane ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zentsha ezifana ne-Future Farmers of America (FFA) noma i-4-H.
Lezi zinhlangano ziveza abafundi ezilwaneni ezihlukahlukene futhi zikhuthaze ukuhlanganyela ekuboniseni imfuyo. Abanye bathola ulwazi ngezandla ngokusebenza nemfuyo epulazini lomndeni.
Ukutholakala Kwamathuba Omlimi Wezinkukhu
Imali engenayo umlimi oyinkukhu ayitholayo ingahluka kakhulu ngokususelwa kwinani lezinyoni ezigcinwe, uhlobo lokukhiqizwa, kanye nokwenyuka kwemakethe yenyama yenkukhu. I-Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) ibika ukuthi umholo omaphakathi wabaphathi bezolimo wawuyizigidi ezingu-68,050 ngonyaka ($ 32.72 ngehora) ngoMeyi ka-2014. Umholo ophansi kunazo zonke wabaphathi bezolimo owenziwe ngaphansi kwe $ 34,170 kanti ngaphezulu okukhokhwa okweshumi kusigaba esitholiwe ngaphezulu $ 106,980.
Umhlahlandlela Wokukhiqizwa Kwama-Poultry ka-2010 ovela eNyuvesi yaseKentucky unikeza ukuphazamiseka okufanayo kwemali engenayo yemindeni yabalimi esebenza njenge-opharetha oyinhloko yebhizinisi labo-ngaphandle kwamapulazi angewona umndeni.
Imali engenayo ejwayelekile yayingu-$ 71,360, nakuba ingxenye ebalulekile yaleyo engenayo yayiyi "engenayo imali" engenayo futhi ayixhunyiwe ngokuqondile ekukhiqizeni ama-broilers. Amapulazi amancane aphakathi kuka-52,717 ama-dollar ngenkathi amapulazi amakhulu kakhulu alinganiselwa ku-$ 121,690.
Umquba wezinkukhu ungabuye uqoqwe futhi uthengiswe kubalimi ukuze basebenzise njengomanyolo, ongasetshenziswa njengomthombo owengeziwe wemali engenayo yezilwane ezinkukhu. Abalimi abaningi bezinkukhu ezincane ezingekho ezinkampani bazibandakanya kwamanye amabhizinisi ezolimo emapulazini abo-kusukela ekukhuliseni izitshalo ekukhiqizeni ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane-ukuhlinzeka ngenzuzo eyengeziwe epulazini.
Izinkukhu zezilwane ezinkukhu kumele zithinte izindleko ezehlukene uma zibala imali yazo yonke imali. Lezi zindleko zingabandakanya ukudla, umsebenzi, umshuwalense, uphethiloli, izinto, ukugcinwa, ukunakekelwa kwezilwane , ukukhishwa kwemfucuza, nokukhishwa kwemishini noma ukushintshwa.
UJobe Outlook
I-Bureau of Labor and Statistics ibikezela ukuthi kuyoba nokuncipha okuncane kakhulu ngamaphesenti angu-2 enani lamathuba emisebenzi kubalimi, abaqaphi kanye nabaphathi bezolimo eminyakeni eminingana elandelayo. Lokhu kubangelwa ngokuyinhloko ekutheni kuhlanganiswe embonini yezolimo, njengoba abakhiqizi abancinci bebanjelwa izingubo ezinkulu zokuhweba.
Nakuba inani lemisebenzi lingase libonise ukwehla kancane, ukuhlolwa kwemboni ye-USDA kubonisa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwezinkukhu kuzothumela ukuzuza okuqhubekayo ngo-2021 ngenxa yokwenyuka kwezidingo zama-broilers.