Imibuzo evamile AbaSebenzi Ababuza Ngayo Izinzuzo
Izinzuzo zabasebenzi zingaba yinkimbinkimbi kunoma yimuphi umuntu osebenzayo, noma ngabe ubhalisile izikhathi eziningana eminyakeni edlule. Isizathu salokhu kungenxa yokuthi umshuwalense wezempilo kanye nezinzuzo zezimakethe zomsebenzi zishintsha njalo. Unyaka ngamunye, izidingo ezintsha zokuvota, izinsuku zokubhalisa zivuliwe, futhi ukukhetha kwamaqembu weqembu kunzima ukuthola. Kungenxa yalezi zizathu ukuthi senze uhlu lwemibuzo evame ukubuzwa kakhulu ukuthi abantu abasebenzayo banezinzuzo zabo zomsebenzi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zezinzuzo zabasebenzi engingazifanelekela?
Izinhlobo zezinzuzo zomsebenzi ezitholakalayo kubantu abasebenzayo cishe azikho umkhawulo, kodwa abaqashi abaningi kudingeka banikeze ukuhlinzekwa okuncane ngaphansi koMthetho Wokunakekelwa Ongabizi. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa umshuwalense wezempilo, ukuhlinzekwa kwezidakamizwa, nezinzuzo zamazinyo kwabantwana. Zonke ezinye izinzuzo zeqembu zinikezwa abaqashi abafuna ukukhuthaza inhlalakahle yezisebenzi zabo, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukubheka. Lezi zingaba izinzuzo ezijwayelekile ezifana nokunakekelwa kombono, ama-akhawunti wokulondoloza impilo, amalungiselelo okusindisa okuguquguqukayo, umshuwalense wokuphila, umshwalense wokukhubazeka wesikhathi eside nesikhathi eside, izinhlelo zokulondoloza umhlalaphansi, ukwabelana ngenzuzo, nokuningi.
Kukhona nenani elikhulu lezinhlelo zokuhlomula ngokuzithandela izisebenzi ezingakhokhela, kodwa ngamazinga eqembu elincishisiwe, kubandakanya umshuwalense wezimoto nabaninikhaya, ukunakekelwa komdlavuza, izinhlelo zokukhokhela izibhedlela, inshuwalense yokuphila eyengeziwe, izinketho zokuthenga amasheya, nabanye.
Okokugcina, izinzuzo eziningi abasebenzi abathokozelayo zikhokhwa ngokugcwele ngabaqashi, futhi zingabandakanya isikhathi sokukhokha (iholidi, abagulayo, nabomuntu siqu), izinhlelo zezempilo kanye nabathintekayo bempilo yokugqoka, izinto ezibonakalayo ezifana nokunakekelwa kwesikhashana nokudla mahhala, inkampani exhaswe izenzakalo, izinhlelo zokuqeqesha nezokuthuthukiswa, ukukhokhelwa kwezikole, nokuningi.
Funda ngezinzuzo zomsebenzi ezidingekayo lapha
Kungani kufanele ngibhalise izinzuzo zabasebenzi uma nginempilo?
Kungabonakala sengathi kunengqondo ukuthi uma umuntu ephilile, kungani uthola umshuwalense wezempilo? Kodwa, lokhu kufana nokucabanga, uma ngingumshayeli ophephile, kungani ngithenga umshuwalense wezimoto? Okokuqala, ngaphansi kwe-ACA, abathengi kumele bathenge umshuwalense wezempilo noma bahlanganyele ohlelweni lokukwabelana ngezindleko zempilo, noma bazobhekana nezinhlawulo zentela. Okwesibili, ukuba nomshuwalense wezempilo kwenza abathengi bathole izinsizakalo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ezivimbelayo ezibamba izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba zibe yizingqinamba ezinkulu zezempilo.
Okungenani, abathengi badinga izinzuzo zomshuwalense wezempilo ukuze bazinakekele ekuguleni okulimazayo noma engozini engase ilahleke kalula noma ubani ohlinzekwe ngokujulile noma esibhedlela. Ukuthula kwengqondo nokuvikelwa kwemali kungenxa yezizathu ezanele zokubhalisa ezinzuzweni.
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo zomsebenzi engizidingayo?
Lo ngumbuzo ngamunye, ngokusekelwe ezimfuno zakho eziyingqayizivele nendlela yokuphila. Umuntu ngamunye unesibopho sokuphila kwakhe siqu, ngaphandle kwezingane ezincane ezidinga abazali bazo ukuba bazinakekele. Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo ngokwakho, thola ukuthi yiziphi izinsizakalo zezempilo ongase uzihlanganyele ngonyaka ozayo.
Ungabheka emuva esikhathini esedlule, umlando wakho wezempilo, ukukhathazeka kwakho okuphathelene nobudala bokuhlolwa okungase kudingeke, nanoma yikuphi ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okwamanje owutholayo. Uzobheka nezinye izici, njengokuthi isabelomali sakho sivumela kanjani amaphrimiyamu nyanga zonke kanye nezindleko zezimpahla.
Unayo yini imigomo yempilo ekhethekile yokufinyelela kulo nyaka? Ungase ufune ukukhetha uhlelo olufaka ukufinyelela kwizaphulelo zokuxhaswa kwesisindo, izinzuzo zempilo, noma izinhlelo zokuyeka ukubhema. Khona-ke kukhona izidingo zomthetho. Uzodinga uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo oluhlangabezana nezidingo ezincane ze-ACA.
Funda kabanzi ngokukhetha izinzuzo ezifanele zezidingo zakho lapha
Kuthiwani uma nje ngidinga ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kwalabo abaxhomekile?
Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukuthi uma inkampani yakho inikeza izinzuzo zezempilo zeqembu, khona-ke ungakwazi ukwandisa imali yakho ngokubhalisa ohlelweni lokubanjelwa komndeni.
Kodwa-ke, ngokusekelwe ngobukhulu bemindeni yakho, imali oyihola ngayo, kanye neminyaka yezingane zakho - ungase ukwazi ukuthola izinzuzo zomshuwalense wezempilo eziphansi. Ezinye zinezibonelelo eziningi zokuthola imali kubazali abasebenza abadinga usizo lwezempilo lomphakathi kubantwana.
Ngingabhalisa nini izinzuzo zomsebenzi wami emsebenzini?
Kumele uhlole kuqala ummeleli wakho wobuntu ukuze ufunde ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo zomsebenzi ezitholakale kubasebenzi, futhi uma uvumelekile ukubhalisa ohlelweni. Inhlangano ngayinye ingase ibe nemithetho ngokuzungezile isikhathi sokulinda kuze abasebenzi abasha bavumeleke noma kuze kufike isikhathi sokuqala sokubhalisa esivulekile. Lokhu kungenzeka noma akungakaze wachazwe kuwe lapho uqale ukuqasha, noma ulwazi lungase lufakwe kubhukwana lomsebenzi lenkampani yakho.
Kunoma yikuphi, umqashi wakho uzoqala ukukwazisa abasebenzi ngenkathi ukubhaliswa kwezinzuzo zaminyaka yonke kuqala futhi kuphelile, ngakho qaphela lezi zixwayiso. Lezi zingase zifike isikhathi esithile ngasekupheleni konyaka wezimali wenkampani yakho (ngasekupheleni kwehlobo) noma ngasekupheleni komnyaka ekulungiseni uhlelo olulandelayo (Novemba kuya kuDisemba).
Uma ngithola izinzuzo ezintsha, kufanele ngishintshe abahlinzeki bezempilo?
Lokhu kukukhathazeka okuvamile phakathi kwabasebenzi abasebenza, ngoba ngokuvamile bahlotshaniswa nodokotela ozithandayo noma iqembu lesibhedlela. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinkampani eziningi zomshuwalense zisebenza ngamanethiwekhi amakhulu abahlinzeki bezempilo kuzo zonke izifundazwe nesifunda. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lokunakekelwa kwezempilo olukuvumela ukuba uvakashele udokotela othile noma esibhedlela kungase kuphele, kodwa ukufakwa kwakho okusha kuyokuvumela ukuba uqhubeke nokukhathalela okufanayo.
Indlela enhle yokuthola ngaphambi kokuba ubhalise ohlelweni oluthile ukuvakashela iwebhusayithi yomqondisi futhi wenze ukubuka okusheshayo kwabahlinzeki bakho bokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ungaphinda ushayele umhlinzeki wakho ngokuqondile bese ubuza ukuthi bayamukela yini izinhlelo zomshuwalense ozinikezwa emsebenzini. Ezimweni eziningi, bazokwamukela umshuwalense wakho omusha ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Ngingayenza yini izinguquko ezikhethweni zami zokuhlomula kwezisebenzi - uma kunjalo, kanjani?
Yebo, kungenzeka ukwenza izinguquko ezincekwini zakho. Kunezindlela ezintathu ukuthi ilunga lomshuwalense wezempilo lingenza izinguquko. Owokuqala ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa komsebenzi futhi unikezwa ukufakwa okusha. Ngokujwayelekile, uzoba nenani elithile lezinsuku ngemuva kwesikhathi sakho sokufaneleka ukwenza izinguquko ezincekwini zakho futhi ubhalise ohlelweni olusha. Lokhu kungahluka kumqashi, kodwa kungenzeka kube phakathi kwezinsuku zokuqala ezingu-30 kuya kwezingu-90 emsebenzini.
Okwesibili ungenza izinguquko ohlelweni lokuhlomula ngesikhathi sokubhalisa okuvulekile emsebenzini wakho. Isikhathi sokubhalisa esivulekile sivame ukumenyezelwa yinkampani kanye noma kabili ngonyaka, ngesikhathi lapho bonke abasebenzi abafanelekayo bangabhalisa noma babuyisele kabusha izinzuzo zabo zeqembu kulo nyaka ozayo wepulani. Abasebenzi bangenza izinguquko ezinzuzweni zabo, njengokungeza noma ukususa othembekile, ukuthuthukiswa ohlelweni nge-deductible ephansi, ukwengeza izinzuzo ezengeziwe, noma ukushintsha izinhlelo ndawonye.
Okwesithathu ungenza izinguquko ohlelweni lwakho lokuhlomula lapho wena noma oshade naye uhlangabezana nesenzakalo sokuphila esifanelekayo. Isimo sokuphila esifanelekayo singabandakanya ukulahlekelwa kwezinzuzo ngenxa yokushintsha umsebenzi noma ukuyeka, ukuzalwa kokufa komuntu othembekile, ukwamukelwa kwengane, isehlukaniso noma umshado, abe yisakhamuzi sase-US, futhi abuyele embusweni omusha ongenayo Unganikeza uhlelo lwakho lwamanje. Kukhona ezinye izimo ezithuthukisa ezivumela ushintsho ezinzuzweni, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi uhlole umnyango wakho wezibonelelo zabasebenzi ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi.
Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezenzakalo zokuphila ezifanele lapha
Uma umqashi wami enganikeli izinzuzo engizidingayo, ngingatholaphi usizo?
Nakuba abaqashi abanabasebenzi abangaba ngu-50 noma ngaphezulu kumele banikeze ukufinyelela kwizinzuzo zempilo ezingabizi ngaphansi kwezimfuneko ze-ACA, lokhu akusho ukuthi izinhlelo ezinikezwayo ziyokwanela. Uma uthola kule nkinga, kunezenzo ezithile ongazithatha.
Okokuqala, hlela umhlangano ngezinzuzo zomqondisi endaweni yakho yomsebenzi futhi ukhulume ngezidingo zakho. Kukhona ithuba elihle lokuthi inkampani ingakubeka ekuthintaneni nomhlinzeki wezibonelelo ezizithandela ezingahle zibe nezinye izinketho ozidingayo ukuze ugcwalise izikhala. Noma ungase uvumelekile ukuthenga uhlelo lwakho lokuzikhethela futhi usebenzise inzuzo ekhethiwe yokunikela, lapho umqashi wakho ekunika khona imali ebizwa ngokuthi i-dolphin dollar inkokhelo ukuze ukhokhele ama-premiums azuzayo ngonyaka.
Okwesibili, ungabheka ukushintshwa kwezimakethe zikahulumeni (uma isimo sakho sisebenza) futhi uthenge izinhlelo zomshuwalense wezempilo lapha. Thumela lolu lwazi kumqashi wakho ngenkokhelo. Ngokuya ngobukhulu bakho bomndeni nabangenayo, ungase ukwazi ukuthola izinsizakalo zikahulumeni ukuze usize ukukhokhela izinkokhelo zakho zomshuwalense wezempilo. Noma ungase ufanelekele izinzuzo zezempilo zomphakathi, njenge-Medicaid.
Okokugcina, ungabamba iqhaza ohlelweni lokwabelana ngezindleko zezempilo noma uhlelo lokuhlenga isaphulelo lapho ungakhokha khona isilinganiso sendawo ngenyanga futhi uthole izinsiza emazingeni aphansi kakhulu. Kukhona nezinzuzo eziphansi zokuzithandela ezitholakalayo emazingeni eqembu, ngenxa yezinto ezinjengokunakekelwa kwamazinyo nokubonwa kwemibono, imiyalelo, nokuningi. Lokhu kunganciphisa umthelela kubhajethi yakho.
Uma ngisebenza kancane kunesikhathi esigcwele, ngingakwazi yini ukuthola izinzuzo ngomqashi?
Inani elikhulayo labaqashi liye laqaphela ukuthi abasebenzi besikhathi sokusebenza badinga ukufinyelela kokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Kuye ngenqubomgomo yenkampani yakho kulokhu, ungase ufanelekele izinzuzo zezempilo zeqembu uma usebenza kancane ukuthi amahora angu-40 ngesonto. Hlola nomnyango wakho wesintu ukuze uthole okwengeziwe. Cabanga ukuthi izinkampani zivame ukuhlinzeka ngamanani amaningi kubo bonke abasebenzi abaqhathanisa ama-timer abangasebenzisa isikhathi - isikhathi sokukhokha, isikhathi sokugula, ukuhlela okuguquguqukayo, izinsizakalo zokubambisana, amabhonasi, izinhlelo zezempilo, ukudla okukhululekile neziphuzo, kanye nezinzuzo zokuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe.
Ungafunda futhi ngezinzuzo zesikhathi esithile nabasebenzi besikhashana lapha
Ngingayikhetha kanjani phakathi kwezinzuzo umqashi wami anikezelayo ngezinzuzo zemakethe?
Uma uthenga ezungeze ukuthola umshuwalense wezempilo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ngokucophelela izinzuzo nezingozi zamapulani anikezwe umqashi wakho kanye nalawo atholakala kwezinye iziteshi - njengendawo yokuthengisa emakethe. Iningi labachwepheshe beluleka ukuthi ubone ukuthi yiziphi izinhlelo ezihlinzekayo kanye namanani ngokusebenzisa indawo yokuthengisa emshwalense ngaphambi kokubhalisa okuvulekile, okungabamba abathengi ngolwazi oluthe xaxa. Ezimweni eziningi, iqembu lizuzisa amapulani azoba amathathu, okusho ukuthi uzokwazi ukukhetha ama-maximum deductible nokuphuma ephaketheni ukuthi isabelomali sakho sizovumela, kanye necebo lokunciphisa kanye nemikhawulo yokufakazela wena nabathembele.
Nazi ezinye iziqondiso ezinhle. Khetha uhlelo olunikeza inani elikhulu lokubheka, nge-deductible ephansi kakhulu ngonyaka, kanye ne-premium yenyanga ephansi kakhulu okufanele uyikhokhe. Khumbula ukuthi uma uthenga umshuwalense wakho wezempilo emakethe, wenza kanjalo ngemali ekhokhisiwe intela. Uma uthenga iqembu lakho le-inshuwalense yezempilo ngokusebenzisa umqashi wakho, ukukhishwa kuthathwa ngaphambi kwentela, okusho ukuthi isabelo sakho empeleni sincane.