- Ububanzi
- Ingozi
- Izinhloso
Lesi sihloko sinikeza uchungechunge lwamaqhinga amathathu okubaluleka okuphathwa kwephrojekthi futhi kufaka phakathi izixhumanisi neziphakamiso zokufunda okwengeziwe.
Ububanzi
Ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi, ububanzi buyisethi yemingcele echaza ubukhulu bephrojekthi.
Ububanzi buchaza ukuthi yini ezokwenziwa kumakhasimende ngenxa yomsebenzi wephrojekthi.
Ukuqonda ububanzi kuvumela umphathi wephrojekthi nethimba lephrojekthi ukuthi baqonde ukuthi yikuphi okuwela ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle kwemingcele yephrojekthi. Uma into "engekho emkhakheni" ayihlanganisiwe emsebenzini wokuhlela wephrojekthi . Imisebenzi ewela ngaphakathi kwemingcele yesitatimende somkhawulo ibhekwa "ngokubanzi" futhi ilandelwa kuhlelo kanye nesabelomali. Uma umsebenzi ungena ngaphandle kwemingcele, kubhekwa "ngaphandle kwendawo" futhi awuhlelelwe.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumphathi wephrojekthi noma ingxenye yethimba lephrojekthi, uzofuna ukucabangela ukuthi ngabe kukhona okusemandleni noma okungekho lapho uqhubeka khona.
Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga ukuthi iklayenti ikucele ukuba wakhe iwebhusayithi. Njengoba ubeka umkhawulo (noma usethe imingcele) yephrojekthi, ubonisa izinto ezilandelayo njengengaphakathi:
- Ukuklama isayithi kanye nomdwebo we-wireframe
- Ukusungulwa kombhede wokuhlola
- Ikhoda ku-wireframe evunyelwe
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwezithombe zetimu lewebhu
- Ukuvivinya nokulungisa iphutha ngaphambi kokwenza isayithi ibe sesidlangalaleni
Phakathi nenkambo yephrojekthi, iklayenti ikucela ukuba ufake ukubuka konke kwevidiyo yenkampani. Ividiyo ayicacisiwe ngaphakathi kwiprojekthi futhi ngakho-ke ayikho emkhakheni.
Ngenkathi ungase ujabule ukwenza umsebenzi wevidiyo ngenkokhelo eyengeziwe, lokhu kuzodinga ukubuyekezwa kokulinganisa kanye nezindleko nesikhathi sokulinganisa iphrojekthi.
Uma kungekho umbhalo ocacile novunyelwene ngawo, ukukhishwa kwevidiyo kungase kube nokuphikisana phakathi kwethimba lakho kanye nabameleli bamakhasimende. Isitatimende esicacile sokubeka amandla sikuvumela ukuba ususe isimo futhi uphathe ushintsho ngendlela ehlelekile.
Ngakho unquma kanjani ukuthi ungaphakathi noma ungakanani? Uzoqala ukuchaza yonke imininingwane yephrojekthi oyazi manje ngokususelwa ezingxoxweni nekhasimende noma umnikazi wephrojekthi. Khona-ke uzofuna ukwenza izinkomba ezibalulekile ezizoshayela lokho okucatshangelwayo noma okungekho emkhakheni.
Izinhloso
Ngesinye isikhathi empilweni yakho mhlawumbe utshelwe ukuthi, "Ungalokothi wenze iziphakamiso." Nokho, ukwenza ukucabanga ekulawulweni kweprojekthi kungumsebenzi wansuku zonke. Izinsolo zikusiza ukuthi uchaze ububanzi nezingozi bese uhlaziya izilinganiso zakho ngesikhathi nendleko. Yiqiniso, kubalulekile ukuqopha nokuqinisekisa imicabango yakho.
Cabanga okuthile okulula, njengokudala incwadi. Ake sithi umngane wakho unombono wencwadi yetafula yekhofi futhi ucele ukuthi uphathe iphrojekthi. Isicelo sakhe sokuqala isabelomali ukuze akwazi ukuthola imali.
Njengoba uchaza ububanzi, kuyacaca ukuthi umngane wakho akaqiniseki emininingwaneni eminingi, kufaka phakathi ukubalwa kwekhasi, ukufakwa kwesithombe, isitayela sokumboza nesisindo sephepha okufanele lisetshenziselwe amakhasi. Njengoba zonke lezi zici zizothinta inkinga yokukhiqiza izindleko nokukhiqiza, kuzodingeka wenze izingqinamba mayelana nokucaciswa futhi uqinisekise lezo zindinganiso ezamukelekayo noma ezingamukeleki kumngane wakho.
Emva kwengxoxo eqhubekayo, umngane wakho utshela ukuthi uhlela ukufaka izithombe ezingu-50 encwadini. Ungasuka ukucabanga kwakho emifanekiso engu-50 noma, kulindeleke ukuthi le namba izokhuphula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ungenza ukucabanga ukuthi kuzoba phakathi kwamakhasi angu-75-90 ngemifanekiso.
Ungabona ukuthi izimpendulo zithinta kanjani ngqo uhlelo. Ngokwesibonelo, ake ucabange ukuthi uhola iphrojekthi epaki ehilela ukwakha i-swing set.
Lapho uhlela iphrojekthi yakho unikezwa isabelomali futhi unikezwe amalungu weqembu, omunye wabo ophethe izinto zokwakha. Njengoba udala isimiso sakho ucela umuntu ophethe izinto zokwakha uma usimende luzofika. Lo muntu uphendula ngokuthi akaqiniseki ukuthi izamanje zizofika nini kodwa ukuthi ukholelwa ukuthi kuzoba phakathi kukaJuni 1 noJuni 10. Njengoba ukwakha ububanzi bakho kanye nesimiso, wenza ukucabanga ukuthi isamente ngeke ifike kungakapheli ngo-Juni 10. Lokhu Isibonelo sibonisa izinzuzo ezimbili zokwenza izinhloso.
Inzuzo yokuqala ukuthi ukucabanga kokuthola isimiso kungakapheli ku-Juni 10 kukuvumela ukuba uhlele imisebenzi ethembela ekuqinisekeni kwe-samente. Inzuzo yesibili yukuthi inikeza umuntu ophethe izinto zokwakha ngesikhatsi sokugcina sokuletha isimente, angabe esayithumela kumphakeli wakhe. Kwenze ngokungalungile ukuthi kube nomkhawulo wokugcina wephrojekthi ukuze uqhubeke phambili.
Ukwenza iziphakamiso zibeka izilinganiso ezivame ukubuyekezwa ngesikhathi sephrojekthi ukusiza ithimba lephrojekthi ngokuhlala ngaphakathi, ngesikhathi nangaphakathi kwesabelomali. Kodwa kwenzekani uma ukucabanga kungalungile? Yilapho ingozi ibonakala khona.
Ingozi
Uma usuwakhiwe ububanzi bakho futhi ubona izicabangela ezikude nokulinganisa, uzofuna ukuqala ukuhlola izindawo zengozi . Ingozi ifana nokuphathwa kwephrojekthi njengoba kusemhlabeni wangempela; kuyingozi noma ithuba elidala umonakalo. (Qaphela: i-Project Management Institute ne-Project Management Body of Knowledge-PMBOK inikeza izincazelo eziningi zezingozi nezinhlobo futhi zikhomba uhlaka lokuphathwa kwezinhlekelele.
Yonke imiklamo iqukethe ingozi futhi uma ungumphathi wephrojekthi noma umnikazi wephrojekthi, akuyona nje umthwalo wakho wokulindela ingozi kodwa futhi kuwumsebenzi wakho ukuxhumana nomthelela ongase ube khona walezi zingozi kuthimba lephrojekthi futhi ulungiselele ukunciphisa izingozi.
Ingozi iza ngezinga elihlukahlukene. Ngezinye izikhathi ingozi ingasho nje ukuthi iphrojekthi izosebenza ngokuhlukile noma ithathe ukuphenduka okuncane okungalindelekile. Kwezinye izimo, ingozi ingaholela emiphumeleni eyingozi eyenza iphrojekthi yakho ikhanda.
Masisebenzise indawo yokudlala kusuka kusibonelo samasenti angenhla. Esinye sezingozi ukuthi i-samente ayifinyeleli ngosuku olucatshangwa ngoJuni 10. Yiziphi imiphumela engaba khona yengozi? Yonke imisebenzi elandelwayo elandela emva kokuba isamende ithulisiwe ibambezeleka ngenxa yenkinga.
Izingozi zingase zenzeke kahle. Cabanga ngomthelela wiprojekthi uma i-samente ibonisa ngaphambi kokulindelekile. Nakuba lokhu kubonakala sengathi kuwumphumela omuhle, kusenza kube nenkinga ngesikhathi nokulandelana kwazo zonke ezinye izinyathelo kuphrojekthi.
Abaphathi bephrojekthi basebenza namathimba abo ephrojekthi ukucubungula nokukhomba izingozi ezingenzeka. Benza le nqubo isinyathelo esengeziwe futhi babheke ubunzima obungase babe khona engozini kanye nethuba lokuba khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bahlonza labo bantu abafanelekile ukubona ukuthi ingozi ivelaphi futhi bahlakulela izinhlelo ezivumelanisiwe zokunciphisa ingozi.
Amafemu amaningi anezifanekiso ezinobungozi eziningi abaye bazithuthukisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nangokuhlangenwe nakho kwamanye amaphrojekthi. Ezinye izimboni ziye zahlanganisa amaphrofayli enengozi asetshenziswa njengengqalasizinda yokuhlaziywa kwengozi. Izimboni eziningi zenza ukuhlaziywa kwezibalo eziningi kakhulu zokuhlela ingozi kanye.
Okubalulekile
Amagama: ububanzi, ukucabanga, kanye nobungozi, konke kubalulekile ezweni lokuphathwa kwephrojekthi. Sebenzisa lesi sihloko njengengxenye yokuqala ukuhlola lezi neminye imigomo ebalulekile yokuphatha iphrojekthi ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe.