Funda lokho ongakwenza futhi ongakwazi ukukwenza
Ngithola imibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuthi yiziphi amalungu ezempi avumelekile futhi angavunyelwe ukuzenza uma kuziwa ezombangazwe. Umthetho we-Federal (Izitifiketi 10, 2, no-18, i-United States Code), iziqondiso zeMnyango Wezokuvikela (DOD), kanye nemithethonqubo ethize yezempi ibeka ngokucacile ukubamba iqhaza kombutho wezempi emisebenzini yezombusazwe.
I-DOD ichaza "umsebenzi wezopolitiki ohlangene" ngokuthi " umsebenzi osekela noma oqondene nabakhansela abamele, noma izinkinga ezikhonjwe ngokuqondile, amaqembu ezombusazwe kazwelonke noma kahulumeni nezinhlangano ezihambisanayo noma ezihambisanayo."
Umsebenzi "wezepolitiki ongabambisani" uchazwa ngokuthi "umsebenzi osekela noma ohlobene nabangakapheli, noma izinkinga ezingaboniswa ngqo, amaqembu ezombangazwe kazwelonke noma ahulumeni kanye nezinhlangano ezihambisanayo noma ezihambisanayo. Izinkinga eziphathelene nokuchitshiyelwa komthethosisekelo, ama-referendum, ukuvunyelwa kwemigomo kamasipala, kanye nabanye abalingiswa abafanayo akubhekwa njengokubhekwa ngokuqondile namaqembu ezombusazwe kazwelonke noma kahulumeni. "
Isosha lifuna abasebenzi balo ukuba bahlanganyele enkambweni yethu yentando yeningi - ngaphakathi kwemingcele. I-DOD ikhuthaza amalungu asebenzayo ezempi ezisebenza ngokuvota ukuvotela, futhi isungule izinhlelo eziningana zokusiza abasebenzi abasebenza ngokusemthethweni ukuba babhalise futhi baxoshwe ngaphandle.
Ngumuphi umphathi wezempi noma i-NCO ephakeme akukaze adingeke athole isiteji njengeyunithi "isikhulu sokuvota," noma "i-NCO yokuvota?" Kodwa, uma kuziwa ekukhankaseni umkhankaso othile wezombusazwe noma umkhankaso weqembu, amasosha adonsela umugqa.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi zinqatshelwe azisebenzi emalungwini weNational Guard noma Reserves, ngaphandle uma esebenza njengamanje emsebenzini osebenzayo.
Ngenhloso yemingcele yemisebenzi yezombusazwe, i-DoD ichaza umsebenzi osebenzayo ngokuthi: Umsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele emsebenzini wenkonzo yezempi wase-United States kungakhathaliseki isikhathi noma injongo, kufaka phakathi:
- Umsebenzi wokuqeqesha isikhathi esigcwele;
- Umsebenzi wokuqeqeshwa wonyaka; futhi
- Ukuhambela, ngenkathi esebenza empini, esikoleni esibizwa ngokuthi iSikole Senkonzo.
Yiziphi Amalungu Asebenzayo Asebenzayo Angakwazi Futhi Angazi
Ukubhalisa, ukuvota, nokuveza imibono yomuntu siqu kubalingani bezombusazwe kanye nezindaba, kodwa hhayi njengommeleli weMpi.
Kungakhuthaza futhi kukhuthaze amanye amalungu ezempi ukuba asebenzise i-franchise yokuvota, uma ukukhuthazwa okunjalo kungenzi umzamo wokuthonya noma ukuphazamisa umphumela wokhetho.
Ungakwazi - Joyina iqembu lezombusazwe futhi uhlanganyele emihlanganweni yalo uma kungenjalo ekufaneni.
Ungakwazi - Usebenze njengesikhulu sokhetho, uma leyo nsizakalo ingekho njengommeli weqembu lezombusazwe, ayikuphazamisi ukusebenza kwempi, yenziwa uma ingenjalo, kanti uNobhala oye wakhathazeka unikeze imvume. UNobhala othintekayo AKAKHO angahambisani negunya lokunikeza noma ukuphika leyo mvume.
I-Can - Bhalisa isikhalazo somsebenzi othize wezomthetho noma isicelo sokubeka igama lomfakisicelo evoti elikhethiwe lokhetho, uma ukutayina kungacindezeli ilungu ukuba lihlanganyele emsebenzini wezombusazwe futhi lenziwe njengesakhamuzi esizimele futhi hhayi njengommeli Amabutho Ahlomile.
I-Can- Bhala incwadi kumhleli wephephandaba eveza imibono yomuntu eyilungu ezindabeni zomphakathi noma ezikhethweni zezombangazwe, uma isenzo esingeyona ingxenye yomkhankaso wokubhala incwadi ohleliwe noma ukucela amavoti noma ngokumelene neqembu lezombusazwe noma lezombusazwe imbangela noma ukhetho. Uma le ncwadi ibonisa ilungu njengelungelo elisebenzayo (noma uma ilungu libonakala ngokucacile njengelungu lezimpi ezihlomile), le ncwadi kufanele icacise ngokucacile ukuthi imibono evezwe yileyo yedwa kuphela hhayi yale Mnyango Ukuzivikela.
Kungakwenza - Yenze iminikelo yemali enhlanganweni, ezenhlangano, noma ekomidini yezombusazwe, evumela ukhetho oluthile noma isigcawu sezokhetho, ngokuhambisana nokulinganiselwa komthetho.
Ungakwazi - Bonisa isitaki sezombusazwe emotweni yangasese yelungu.
Kungenzeka - Yize imisebenzi yokuxhaswa kwezimali ezengxenye yamaqembu ezombusazwe kanye nezengabambisani, imihlangano, imibuthano, izingxabano, imihlangano, noma imisebenzi njengombonisi uma kungenjalo ekufaneni futhi uma kungekho okushiwo noma ukubonakala koxhaso olusemthethweni, imvume noma ukugunyazwa kungadonseka kahle.
Ungakwazi - Ukubamba iqhaza ngokugcwele ohlelweni lukaHulumeni lokuVotela.
Yiziphi Amalungu Asebenzayo Asebenzayo Angakwazi Futhi Angazi
Akunakwenzeka - Bamba iqhaza emisebenzini yokuxhasana ngemali yezombusazwe, imibuthano, imihlangano (kubandakanya ukukhuluma ngezinkambiso zayo), ukuphathwa kwemikhankaso, noma izingxabano, ngokuqondene nomuntu siqu noma kweyomunye, ngaphandle kokuhlonipha umfaniswano noma ukubonakala kwesibambiso ukuxhaswa, ukwamukelwa, noma ukugunyazwa. Ukubamba iqhaza kuhlanganisa okungaphezu nje kokuba khona njengombukeli.
Awukwazi - Sebenzisa igunya elisemthethweni noma ithonya lokuphazamisa ukhetho, kuthinte inkambo noma umphumela wezokukhethwa, ucele amavoti omuntu othize noma udaba, noma udinga noma ucele iminikelo yezombusazwe kwabanye.
Ayikwazi - Vumela noma wenze ukuthi kushicilelwe izihloko ezombusazwe, izincwadi, noma ukuvumela okubhalwe phansi noma okubhalwe yilungu ukuthi licela amavoti noma ngokumelene neqembu lezombusazwe, i-candidate, noma imbangela. Noma kunjalo, izincwadi eziya kumhleli zivunyelwe.
Ayikwazi - Khonza kunoma yikuphi amandla okusemthethweni noma ungabhaliswa njengomxhasi weqembu lezombusazwe.
Akunakwenzeka - Khuluma ngaphambi komhlangano wepolitiki ohlangene, kuhlanganise nanoma yikuphi ukuhlangana okugqugquzela iqembu lezombusazwe, umbhikishi noma imbangela.
Awukwazi - Bamba iqhaza kunoma yimuphi umsakazo, ithelevishini, noma olunye uhlelo noma ingxoxo yeqembu njengommeli noma ngokumelene neqembu lezombusazwe, umbhikishi noma imbangela.
Awukwazi - Ukuqhuba ucwaningo lwezemibono yezombusazwe ngaphansi kweqembu leqembu leqembu leqembu noma ukusabalalisa izincwadi zenhlangano ezihlangene.
Akunakwenzeka - Yenza okubhaliwe noma enye imisebenzi yekomidi lezombusazwe elihlangene noma ozobhapathizwa ngesikhathi somkhankaso, ngosuku lokhetho, noma emva kosuku lokukhethwa ngesikhathi sokuvala umkhankaso.
Ayikwazi - Ukucela noma ukubandakanyeka emisebenzini yokuqoqa imali kumahhovisi e-Federal noma izakhiwo, kufaka phakathi ukubhuka kwezempi, nganoma yisiphi isizathu sezombusazwe noma ozobhapathizwa.
Awukwazi - Hamba noma ugibele esimweni sepolitiki esihlangene.
Ayikwazi - Bonisa uphawu olukhulu lwezombusazwe, ibhanna, noma iphosta (njengoba ihlukaniswe nesitika esimnyama) emotweni yangasese.
Ayikwazi - Khombisa isibonakaliso sezombusazwe, iphosta, i-banner, noma idivaysi efanayo ebonakalayo emphakathini lapho umuntu ehlala khona ekufakweni kwezempi, ngisho noma leyo yokuhlala iyingxenye yokuthuthukiswa kwezindlu okungavunyelwe.
Akunakwenzeka - Bamba iqhaza kunoma yimuphi umzamo ohleliwe wokunikeza abavoti ukuthutha emaphoyiseni uma umzamo uhlelwe noma uhlotshaniswa neqembu lepolitiki elihlangene, imbangela noma ukhetho.
Ayikwazi - Thengisa amathikithi noma ngenye indlela ugqugquzele ukudla kwezepolitiki okuhlangene kanye nezenzakalo ezifanayo zezimali.
Akunakwenzeka - Yiba nezenzakalo zezepolitiki ezihlangene njengezimele ezisemthethweni zezinqola, ngaphandle nje kokuba yilungu lomlindi wombala ohlangene wezempi emikhankanyweni yokuvula imihlangano kazwelonke yamaRiphabhuliki, iDemokhrasi, noma amanye amaqembu ezombangazwe ahlonishwa yiKomiti Yezokukhethwa Kwama-Federal noma ngokugunyazwa yiNobhala othintekayo.
Awukwazi - Yenza umkhankaso wokufaka isandla, noma wamukele noma ucele (ngokuqondene nomuntu siqu) umnikelo womkhankaso ovela kuwo, noma yiliphi elinye ilungu lezinsizakusebenza ezisemsebenzini.
Ayikwazi - Noma yimuphi umsebenzi ongabhekwa ngokuqondile ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile noMnyango Wezokuvikela noma uMnyango Wezokuphepha Kwamakhaya (uma kwenzeka u-Coast Guard) noma yiyiphi ingxenye yale Minyango enomsebenzi wezombusazwe ohlangene noma ophikisana nalokho umoya kanye nenhloso yalo Myalelo kumele kugwenywe.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuphawula ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi Isigaba sama-88 seKhodi Elingavamile Yezobulungisa ZaseMpi (i-UCMJ) yenza kube yicala lezikhulu ezithunyelwe ukuba zisebenzise amagama angamangala ngokumelene nalabo ababengenhla. Amaphoyisa aphethwe ukuthi aphule leli lungiselelo angaba enkantolo-ekhishwe ngamacala okuhlukunyezwa ngokuqondile kwe-Article 88. Kodwa, kuthiwani ngamalungu abhalisiwe kanye nezikhulu zemvume?
Isiqondiso se-DOD 1344.10 - IMISEBENZI YEZEMPUTHO NGAMALUNGU AMAFOMBA AMA-ARMED ONGENZA OKUQHELEKILE, wandise lezi zidingo ezifanayo kubo bonke abantu emsebenzini osebenzayo. Umsebenzi osebenzayo wabhalisa amalungu kanye nezikhulu zokugunyaza eziphula lezi zinhlinzeko zingakhokhiswa ngaphansi kwe- Article 92 ye-UCMJ, Ukuhluleka Ukulalela Umyalelo noma Umthethonqubo .
Ngakho-ke, kuthiwani ngamalungu asethathe umhlalaphansi? Isiqondiso se-DOD 1344.10 sisebenza kuphela emsebenzini osebenzayo, ngakho-ke izikhulu ezibhalwe umhlalaphansi kanye nezigunyazo zingasho noma yini abayifunayo mayelana nalabo abangenhla behhovisi. Kodwa-ke, i- Article 2 ye-UCMJ ithi ngokuqondile ukuthi amalungu asetshenziselwa umhlalaphansi ahambisana nezinhlinzeko ze-UCMJ. Ingabe lokhu kusho ukuthi izikhulu ezithunyelwe umhlalaphansi azivunyelwe ukusebenzisa amagama acasulayo ngokumelene nalabo ababhaliwe ngenhla? Ngokuyisisekelo, yebo. Isikhulu esiphethwe umhlalaphansi okhuluma amazwi angamanga ngokumelene noMongameli noma omunye umuntu oqokiwe ngokusemthethweni uphula i-Article 88. Noma kunjalo, Isiqondiso se-DOD 1352.1 - UKUPHATHWA KANYE NOKUSEBENZISWA KWAMALUNGU AMAMILITARI AHLELELEKILEYO NEMIHLANGANO, kuvimbela ukukhumbula isisebenzi sezempi esasethathe umhlalaphansi emsebenzini wokusebenza kuphela ngenhloso yokuzifaka enkantolo-igunya lokulwa. Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle uma leso sikhulu esiphethwe umhlalaphansi sibuyiselwa emsebenzini osebenzayo ngezinye izinhloso, angeke sikwazi ukuwafaka enkantolo ngokuhlukumeza isigaba 88.
Ukubamba noma ukugijima kwehhovisi lezombangazwe
Ayikwazi - Bamba ihhovisi lomphakathi kuhulumeni wesifundazwe, uma lelo hhovisi:
- ihhovisi elikhethiwe.
- Kudinga i-aphoyintimenti nguMongameli kanye neseluleko nokuvuma kweSénate, noma
- Isikhundla esimisweni esiphakeme ngaphansi kwezigaba 5312 kuya ku-5317 sesihloko 5, i-USC
Lokhu kuvinjelwa akusebenzi kumalungu asetshenziselwe umhlalaphansi futhi agcinwe ababizelwe emsebenzini osebenzayo isikhathi esingama-270 noma ngaphansi, uma nje ihhovisi lingaphazamisi imisebenzi yempi. Uma amalungu asele umhlalaphansi noma egcina imali athola ama-oda asebenzayo okukhunjulwa komsebenzi kuzoba izinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-270, ukuvimbela kuqala ngosuku olulodwa lomsebenzi osebenzayo.
Ilungu elisemsebenzini lingabamba noma lisebenzise imisebenzi yehhovisi likahulumeni kuhulumeni wase-US ongaweli kwelinye lezinhlobo ezintathu ezichazwe ngenhla, kufaka phakathi uma kunikezwe noma kunemininingwane ehhovisi ukuze kwenziwe leyo misebenzi, ngaphandle uma kungekho ukuphazamiseka ngemisebenzi yempi.
Ayikwazi - Bamba ihhovisi lendawo lendawo (isimo, esifundeni, idolobha), ngalezi ezimbili ezilandelayo:
Noma yiluphi ilunga elibhalisiwe lingase lifune, libambe futhi libenze imisebenzi yehhovisi likahulumeni elingabambiswanga njengelungu lombhalisi noma ilungu lebhodi lesikole , ikhomishana yokuhlelwa komakhelwane, noma i-ejensi yendawo efanayo, uma nje ihhovisi ligcinwe endaweni engeyona yezempi futhi lapho akukho ukuphazanyiswa nokusebenza kwemisebenzi yempi.
Noma yiliphi iphoyisa lingase lifune, libambe futhi libenze imisebenzi yehhovisi likahulumeni elingenasidlangalaleni ebhodini elizimele lezikole elitholakala kuphela ekubhujisweni kwezempi, uma nje ihhovisi liqhutshwa ngaphandle kwezempi futhi akukho ukuphazanyiswa nokusebenza wemisebenzi yempi.
Futhi, lokhu kuvinjelwe akusebenzi kumalungu asetshenziselwe umhlalaphansi futhi awalondoloze ababizelwe emsebenzini osebenzayo isikhathi esingama-270 noma ngaphansi, uma nje ihhovisi lingaphazamisi imisebenzi yempi. Uma amalungu asele umhlalaphansi noma egcina imali athola ama-oda asebenzayo okukhunjulwa komsebenzi kuzoba izinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-270, ukuvimbela kuqala ngosuku olulodwa lomsebenzi osebenzayo.
Ekugcineni, ukubanjwa konke: Uma izimo zivuma, uNobhala othintekayo noma uNgqongqoshe weNobhala angavumela ilungu elimbozwe ukuvinjelwa kokuphatha ihhovisi lomphakathi, ngenhla, ukuba lihlale noma libe ngumuntu oqokwe noma omele isikhundla sehhovisi likahulumeni. Lokho kusho ukuthi uma iCongressman, ethatha umhlalaphansi emasosheni ehlelwa emisebenzini esebenzayo izinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-270, uNobhala wenkonzo angabavumela ukuba bagcine isikhundla sabo somphakathi (noma, bebe yi-candidate yokukhethwa kabusha).