Ukuqonda Izinzuzo Zomsebenzi Okuphoqelekile Nokuncintisana
Abaphathi bezinzuzo zabaqashi ngokuvamile baphatha ukuhlanganiswa kwezinzuzo zomsebenzi ezidingekayo nezingadingeki. Kusuka kumshuwalense wezokwelapha kanye nomuthi wokugcina umhlalaphansi ekugcineni imali yomhlalaphansi kanye nezinzuzo zokuzithandela, izinkampani zivame ukuba nezinqumo eziningi zokunikela ngonyaka. Ukuphela konyaka yisikhathi sokuqoqa yonke idatha edingekayo neyingekho edingekayo yokuhlela inzuzo ndawonye ukuhlola ukuthi zonke lezi zinzuzo zithuthukisa kanjani izimpilo zabasebenzi, uma zisezingeni eliphansi, futhi yiziphi izinzuzo ezintsha ezingeziwe yenza ngcono isinxephezelo esiphelele.
Kungcono ukuhlunga izinzuzo zomsebenzi ezidingekayo kuqala, bese usebenza ngezinzuzo ezingekho ezidingekayo.
Izinzuzo zomsebenzi ezidingekayo - ziyini?
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usebenza ibhizinisi elincane noma inhlangano enkulu yezinkampani eziningi, kunemithetho yendawo yokusebenzela endaweni ukuvikela inhlalakahle yezempilo nezempilo. Enye yezindawo okushiwo umthetho ukuthi abaqashi kumele baphathe okungenani izinzuzo zabasebenzi ezidingekayo. Lawa awela ngaphansi kwezigunyazo eziningana kuhlanganise noMthetho Wokunakekelwa Ongenakusiza, i-ERISA, nokuningi. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezinzuzo ezidingekayo kanye nalawo angamazinga omkhakha.
Umshwalense wokukhubazeka
Ezimweni eziningana, umshwalense wokukhubazeka wesikhathi esifushane nesikhathi eside kudinga izinzuzo zomsebenzi, ezikhokhelwa ingxenye yomqashi nabasebenzi. Amalungiselelo angeziwe ngokuvamile ahlanganiswa nokukhishwa kwemali yokusebenza kwabasebenzi. I-Small Business Administration iyala ukuthi lezi zilandelayo zifuna umshwalense wokukhubazeka ukuze unikeze abasebenzi abafanelekile uma behlangene nezingozi ezingezona umsebenzi noma ukugula:
- California
- I-Hawaii
- E-New Jersey
- I-New York
- E-Puerto Rico
- I-Rhode Island
Ikhefu Lomndeni Nezokwelapha
Kuzo zonke izifunda, i-Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA) ivumela abasebenzi kuze kube amasonto angu-12 eholidini elingavunyelwe ukukhokhelwa umsebenzi uma behlangabezana nezimfuneko ezithile. Ngesikhathi sekhefu, zonke izinzuzo zezisebenzi zeqembu ziyaqhubeka. Uma isisebenzi sikhetha ukungabuyeli emsebenzini ekuphetheni kwekhefu le-FMLA, kungenzeka ukuthi isakwazi ukuthola ukukhokhelwa kanye nezinzuzo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngaphansi kwezimiso ze-COBRA.
Inkampani kufanele iqashe okungenani abantu abangu-50, noma ibe inhlangano yomphakathi.
- Isisebenzi kumele sithinte ukunakekelwa kokubeletha, ukunakekelwa kwabazali, noma ukwamukelwa kwengane.
- Umsebenzi kumele anakekele ilunga lomndeni elibhekene nesifo esibi noma ukulimala.
- Isisebenzi kumele sidinga ukunakekela isimo sakhe sempilo esibi kakhulu.
- Isisebenzi kufanele sikhathalele ilungu lezempi elimele noma eligulayo.
Ezimweni eziningi, abasebenzi kudingeka bazise umqashi wabo kusengaphambili ngaphambi kokuthatha ikhefu elivunyelwe le-FMLA, nakuba ngokuqinisekile izimo eziphuthumayo zingakwazi futhi zivele. Bobabili abesilisa nabesifazane bayakwazi ukuthola ikhefu eligcwele le-FMLA, ngakho-ke bakwenza inzuzo enkulu yomzali.
Isikhathi esikhokhelwayo kanye nezinye Izinzuzo Zekhefu
Ngaphandle kwekhefu le-FMLA, abaqashi empeleni akudingeki imithetho yomthetho ukuhlinzeka ngekhefu elikhokhelwayo noma elingakhokhelwa kubasebenzi. Kodwa-ke, kuwumkhuba ojwayelekile wabaqashi abaningi ukunikeza okungenani izinzuzo ezimbalwa zosuku lokukhokha ezikhokhelwa nabangakhokhiwe abasebenzi. Esikhathini esiningi, isikhathi sokukhokha sinqunyelwe isikhathi seholide kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula, isikhathi sokugula, ikhefu lomuntu siqu, ikhefu lokungcwaba noma ikhefu lokufelwa, kanye nekhefu lomsebenzi wejury.
Izinkampani eziningi zinikeza abasebenzi ithuba lokuhola isikhathi sokukhokha ngokuya ngokuthi bangaki amahora asebenzile esikhathini esithile, futhi la mahora akha noma ahambele.
Ezinye izinkampani zingakhetha ukunikeza isikhathi esilinganiselwe ngaso sonke isikhathi ngonyaka, ngezinsuku ezalandela ngaphandle kokukhokhelwa. Inqubomgomo evamile yokukhokha isikhathi esizokhokhwa izobandakanya izinsuku ezingu-5 zeholide, izinsuku ezingu-3 ezigulayo, nosuku olulodwa lomuntu siqu.
Ukuphepha Kwezenhlalakahle Nemithi Ye-Medicare
Nakuba abasebenzi abaningi bengacabangi ngokuzenzekelayo nge-Social Security ne-Medicare njengenzuzo, kodwa kunalokho into abayitholile, bonke abaqashi kudingeka bakhokhe intela yezokuThengiswa koMphakathi kanye neMedari. Kumele futhi kuthiwe bafaka imali ekutholeni imali yomhlalaphansi yabasebenzi. Eqinisweni, abaqashi base-US kumele bafanise izinga elifanayo lokuthi abasebenzi bakhokhele ohlelweni lwezokuThuthukiswa koMphakathi, oluhluka ngokusebenza komsebenzi ngamunye nokuthi bangakanani abasebenzi abathola.
Isisebenzi ngasinye siqedela amafomu athile ekuqaleni kokuqashwa, futhi lokhu kuyakha isisekelo sefomu le-W-2 okufanele lifakwe abaqashi ukubika inkokhelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaqashi kumele baqinisekise ubunikazi kanye namagama abo bonke abasebenzi basebenzisa uhlelo lokuqinisekisa (Inombolo yezokuphepha kwezenhlalakahle) (inkululeko) noma inkokhelo (ekhokhelwe) Isevisi yokuqinisekisa i-Consent Based SSN. Lokhu kuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kokungalungi kwabaqashi futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isisebenzi esifanele sibalulwe ngezinzuzo zabo zesikhathi esizayo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi abasebenzi banamuhla abakhokhela ohlelweni lwezokuThuthukiswa koMphakathi bangathola ukufinyelela kuma-80-70 amaphesenti alawa mali uma befika eminyakeni yobudala. Uhlelo luye lwagxekwa isikhathi eside ngenxa yokungabi yisisombululo sesikhathi eside sabasebenzi baseMelika, futhi luye lwacindezelwa inani elikhulu labantwana abasebenzisa umhlalaphansi abafinyelela eminyakeni yobudala bemhlalaphansi ngesilinganiso sezinkulungwane ezingu-500 ngosuku.
Umshwalense ongasebenzi
Zonke izinkampani kumele zikhokhele intela yomshuwalense wokungafaneleki umsebenzi wonke umsebenzi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhathi esigcwele noma isikhathi sesikhathi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona izimali ezikhona zokuvala isikhathi sokungasebenzi uma omunye noma ngaphezulu ehlukaniswa ngokuzibandakanya nenkampani. Inkampani ngayinye izokwaziswa ngalokhu ngombuso lapho isebenza khona nokuthi ingakanani umshuwalense inkampani engayithwala. Izinkampani ezibhaliswe ne-ejensi yokusebenza kombuso kanye nezinkokhelo ziphethwe lapha. Uma isisebenzi sinqanyuliwe futhi asikho isizathu esinqunyiwe, khona-ke angathola izinzuzo zokungasebenzi ngenxa yesikhathi esincane. Ngaphandle kwalokho, abasebenzi abazuzi ngokuqondile kulo mshwalense odingekayo.
Yiziphi Izinzuzo Ezingekho Okudingekayo?
Zonke ezinye izinzuzo zomsebenzi zibhekwa njengezinsizakalo ezingadingeki, ngaphandle kwezidingo zezempilo ezidingekayo ngaphansi kwe-Obamacare. Lokhu kuthinta kuphela izinkampani ezinama-50 noma ngaphezulu abasebenzi besikhathi esigcwele noma okulingana nabasebenzi besikhathi esithile. Umshuwalense wezempilo kufanele unikeze ukunakekelwa okuyisisekelo okuvimbela, kodwa ungase uphathe ama-maximum ephaketheni eliphezulu.
Ezinye izinzuzo ezingekho ezidingekayo zihlanganisa zonke izinhlobo ze-inshuwalense eyengeziwe, izinhlelo zokulondoloza umhlalaphansi, umshuwalense wokuphila, umbono kanye nokunakekelwa kwamazinyo, izinhlelo zezempilo, izinkokhelo kanye nezinzuzo zezinkampani, ukuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe kanye nezinzuzo zokuqeqesha, izinhlelo zokusiza abasebenzi, udokotela kanye nomhlengikazi wokunakekelwa kwezokuphepha, i-telemedicine , futhi nokuningi. Ayikho enye yalezi zinzuzo ezidingekayo ngumthetho, kodwa zikhona ngokuqonda komqashi ngamunye. Ezimweni eziningi, izinzuzo ezingekho ezidingekayo zisiza izinkampani ukuba zincintisane futhi zivame ukushiwo uhlobo lwemikhuba yezimboni.