Ukuxoshwa nabasebenzi abangabonisi
Kunemithethonqubo elawula ukuthi ngabe isisebenzi singakhokhiswa yini ukuthola inkokhelo yesikhathi esengeziwe.
Abaqashiwe Abasebenzi
Izinhlobo ezithile zabasebenzi, ezivame ukufakwa njengabasebenzi abangakhokhiswa, abanelungelo lokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe njengoba kuqinisekiswe yi-Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). Ukwengeza kulokho, iningi lamazwe linemithetho yokulingana nemali yehora eyinezidingo ezingaphezulu ngaphezu kwe-FLSA.
I-FLSA idinga ukuthi abaqashi kumele bakhokhe okungenani umholo omncane amahora angaba ngu-40 ngesonto lomsebenzi kanye nokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe ngaphezu kwanoma yisiphi isikhathi esingeziwe ngaphandle uma isisebenzi singena esigabeni esisodwa. Ngaphandle kwe-Federal Act, iziningi zezifunda zinezidingo zazo zemali, kanye nemithetho futhi kubalulekile ukuthi abaqashi balandele umthetho wombuso kanye nesifundazwe ukuze bahlale bevumelana.
Uma isisebenzi sithathwa njengesikhululekile (umelene non-exemption), umqashi wabo akadingeki ukuba akhokhe isikhathi esengeziwe sokukhokha. Kungumqondo womqashi noma ngabe ukhokhe amahora asebenza isikhathi esengeziwe. Abanye abaqashi bangase bakhiphe iphakheji yezinzuzo zabasebenzi nama-perks engeziwe esikhundleni sokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe.
Ngokuvamile, ukuba uthathwe njengesisebenzi "sokukhululeka," kufanele ukhokhelwe umholo (hhayi ngehora ngalinye) futhi kufanele wenze imisebenzi yokuphatha, yokuphatha noma yomsebenzi. Ukuncintisana nezindaba ngokuqhubekayo kubaqashi, kunezombusazwe ezengeziwe ze-federal, state, kanye ne-FLSA ezihlobene nezinye izigaba zabasebenzi, njengabaqeqeshi abasebenza ngaphakathi, abontonkontileka abazimele, izisebenzi zesikhashana, izisebenzi zokuzithandela, izisebenzi zokuqeqesha, nezisebenzi zangaphandle, ukuthi abaqashi badinga ukuhlala ngu.
Abasebenzi abangabonisi
Isisebenzi esingenelungelo lokukhokha sinelungelo lokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe ngokwe-Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izifundazwe zandise imihlahlandlela yokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe. Hlola nge-website yakho yomnyango wezeMnyango wezabasebenzi ukuze uthole imithetho endaweni yakho. Abaqashi badinga ukukhokha isikhathi nesigamu isilinganiso sokukhokhela abasebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi uma basebenza amahora angaphezu kwama-40 esikhwameni sokukhokha esinikeziwe. Iningi labasebenzi kumele likhokhelwe umholo omncane we-federal ($ 7.25 ngo-2018) isikhathi esivamile futhi okungenani isikhathi nesigamu nganoma yimiphi amahora asetshenziswa ngaphezulu kwezinga eli-40.
Izinhlobo Zokuqashwa Abasebenzi
I-Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) ihlonipha imikhakha emithathu eyinhloko yabasebenzi abakhululekile:
- Isikhulu
- Professional
- Ukuphatha
Lezi zigaba zihlanganisa ngokubanzi ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zemisebenzi. Kodwa-ke, yimisebenzi eyenziwa emsebenzini, hhayi isihloko somsebenzi yedwa, esinquma ukukhululwa nombuso wesimo esingasebenzi. I-FLSA iqinisekisa abasebenzi abangenakho ukukhokhelwa isikhathi esisodwa nesigamu isilinganiso sabo sokujwayelekile sokukhokhela isikhathi esengeziwe sokusebenza ngesikhathi sokusebenza esinikeziwe.
Imihlahlandlela Yokukhululwa Emithethweni Yokukhokha Kwedlule isikhathi
Abasebenzi bokuphatha, abaphezulu nabaqeqeshiwe, abathengisi, nabasebenzi be-STEM (Isayensi, Ubuchwepheshe, Ubunjiniyela kanye Nezibalo) bangabhekwa njengezikhululekile futhi ngenxa yalokho, abavumelekile ukuba bakhokhe isikhathi esengeziwe uma behlangabezana nalezi zindlela ezilandelayo:
- Abasebenzi bakhokhelwa umholo ngokuphambene nokukhokhwa ngehora.
- Abasebenzi bathola okungenani u-$ 455 ngesonto.
- Abasebenzi bakhokhelwa umholo kunoma yisiphi isonto abasebenza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze bafanele ukukhululeka esikhathini esengeziwe , abasebenzi kumele bahlangabezane nokuhlolwa kwemisebenzi ethile mayelana nemisebenzi yabo nemithwalo yabo yemisebenzi. Ngokusho kwe-Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM), lezi zimiso ezilandelayo kumele zihlangatshezwe ukuqoka isisebenzi njengenkululeko:
- Ukuze kube nokukhululeka okukhulu , abasebenzi kumele babe nomsebenzi oyinhloko wokuphatha ibhizinisi noma umnyango noma ukuhlukaniswa iziqephu kwebhizinisi; kumele ngokujwayelekile futhi aqondise umsebenzi okungenani abasebenzi ababili; futhi kufanele abe negunya lokuqasha noma umlilo, noma iziphakamiso zabo nezincomo mayelana nokuqasha, ukudubula noma ukushintsha isimo sabanye abasebenzi kumele banikwe isisindo esithile.
- Ukuze kube nokukhululeka kokuphatha , abasebenzi kumele babe nomsebenzi oyinhloko wokwenza umsebenzi noma umsebenzi ongewona owumbhalo ngokuqondile ohlobene nokuphathwa noma ukusebenza kwebhizinisi jikelele kumqashi noma kumakhasimende omqashi, futhi umsebenzi wabo oyinhloko kufanele uhlanganise nokusebenzisa ukuhlakanipha nokwahlulela okuzimele ukuhlonipha izinto ezibalulekile.
- Ukuze kukhululwe umsebenzi, abasebenzi kumele babe nomsebenzi oyinhloko womsebenzi odinga ulwazi lwezinga eliphambili emkhakheni wezesayensi noma wokufunda okwakujwayele ukufundiswa nokufundiswa okuqhubekayo, okukhethekile, okufundiswa kwengqondo, noma kufanele kube ngokukhethekile kwezinye izindawo ezimbalwa ezifanayo, ezikhethekile kakhulu , njengokufundisa, i-analytics yekhomputha, nobunjiniyela.
Ukungafani nezidingo ezingaphezu kwesikhathi
Ngokuvamile, abasebenzi abangekho abakhululekile abathola imali engaphansi kuka-$ 455 ngesonto, okuyi-$ 23,660 ngonyaka, kuqinisekisiwe ukukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe . Okunye okungafani nalokhu kubandakanya abacwaningi noma labo abasebenza ngaphansi kwesibonelelo semfundo noma kahulumeni.
Izibonelo zesikhathi sokuqashwa kwabasebenzi
- USusan uyisisebenzi esikhululekile, ngakho-ke akanelungelo lokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe .
- UJohn uyisisebenzi esingenasikhulu, ngakho-ke usebenza isikhathi esiningi njengoba ekwazi ngoba uthola umholo wakhe wehora ngehora elilodwa nengxenye.
- UBethany uhola u-$ 400 ngesonto, ngakho-ke uqinisekisiwe ukuthi uzothola amahora amaningi amaholide akhe ehhovisi.
- Ngemuva kokukhushulwa nokunyuswa kweholo, u-Reshma wayengasekho isisebenzi esingenelungelo lokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe.
- URob uthathe umsebenzi wokuqala wokuhlinzeka ngemisebenzi naphezu kwesilinganiso esincane ngoba uzobe efanelekile ukukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe.
Amanye amazwe anemihlahlandlela ehlukile yokuhlukaniswa kwabasebenzi abaxoshiwe kanye nokukhokhwa kwe-Overtime Pay Minimum
Akuwona wonke amazwe anezikhombisi ezifanayo zabasebenzi abakhululekile. Isibonelo, eCalifornia ukuze uhlukanise umuntu njengemali engaphandle kwezidingo zesikhathi esengeziwe, umqashi kufanele akhokhe isisebenzi okungenani $ 45,760 ngonyaka. Bonke abanye abasebenzi bazokwazi ukuzitholela ngokuzenzekelayo isikhathi esingeziwe ngaphezu kwanoma yimiphi imithwalo yemisebenzi. Abasebenzi abahola ngaphezu komholo wesikholo bazobe besadingeka bahlangabezane neminye imigomo yesimo sokukhululeka ukuze kufakwe kulesi sigaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzi abangabikho okhokhwayo kumele bakhokhelwe amahora angaphezu kwesikhathi esilinganiselwe okungenani izikhathi eziyi-1.5 eCalifornia imiholo engama-dollar angu-11 ngehora noma i-$ 16.5 ngehora.
E-New York, umholo wehora ka-2018 we-NYS udinga abasebenzi abaningi abathola imali engaphansi kwama- $ 40,560 ngonyaka ukuze bakhokhwe ngehora ngalinye futhi bathole ukukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe.
Hlola umnyango wezisebenzi wombuso wakho ukuze uthole izinhlinzeko zakamuva zakamuva endaweni yakho.
Izinguquko eziphakanyisiwe ku-Overtime Pay kusukela ngo-2016
Izinguquko ezilandelayo zihlongozwa nguhulumeni wase-Obama futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ziqale ukusebenza ngoDisemba 1, 2016 kodwa ziye zaphikisana enkantolo futhi zihanjiswa yi-Trump yokuphatha:
- Umholo wokufaneleka wokukhokha isikhathi esengeziwe uzokhuphuka kusuka ku-$ 455 ngesonto ukuya ku-$ 913 ngesonto noma $ 47,476 ngonyaka.
- Umklomelo wemholo wokufaneleka kufanele ubuyekezwe njalo eminyakeni emithathu, kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2020, ngokusekelwe ekukhuleni kwemholo.