Ungabazi Njengama-PSAs, Kodwa Yini Eyazichaza?
Ngokungafani nezentengiso zendabuko, Izimemezelo Zesevisi Zomphakathi (PSA) ngokuyinhloko zenzelwe ukwazisa nokufundisa kunokuthengisa umkhiqizo noma isevisi. Sekuphele amashumi eminyaka, kanti okokuqala kuboniswa ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili.
Phakathi nempi, abaningi be-PSAawere bakhiphe, bavame ukubalula isidingo sokuqapha, futhi basekele umzamo wokulwa ngazo zonke izindlela. "Izindebe ezipholile zishintsha imikhumbi" yilona uhlobo lomlayezo we-PSAs ozoyihambisa. Kule minyaka, ama-PSA aguqukile ukumboza izithakazelo eziningi zomphakathi, futhi asekhona kuze kube yilolu suku.
Umgomo we-PSA awukwenzi ukuthengiswa okukhulu, kodwa kunalokho ukuguqula umbono womphakathi nokwazisa ngenkinga. Isu lapha ukufundisa kuqala nokuvusa umuzwa nokuphendula ngemva kwalokho. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi imali iyanxuswa, nakuba ngokuvamile kungeyona inzuzo.
Izihloko Ezihlanganiswe Izikhangiso Zesevisi Zomphakathi
Uma nje kube khona izikhangiso, kuye kwaba nezikhangiso zezimbangela zokusiza, izinkinga zikahulumeni (kubandakanya impi), ezombusazwe, izinkolo nezempilo nezokuphepha.
I-PSA evamile iyoba yilezi zamuva, ngezihloko ezifaka:
- Ukuphuza nokushayela
- Ukuthumela imiyalezo nokushayela
- Umlutha Wezidakamizwa
- Ukukhuluphala
- Ukubhema
- Ukufaneleka
- Imfundo
- Ukugembula
- Utshwala
- I-Safe Safe
Ama-PSA angabonwa noma yikuphi ukukhangiswa kwendabuko kubonakala, kufaka phakathi ithelevishini nomsakazo, ngaphandle, ku-inthanethi, i-imeyili eqondile nokuphrinta. Ngenxa yemvelo yezikhangiso, ukufakwa okuningi kunikezwa esaphulelo.
Umkhiqizi ohola lawa ma-PSA eMelika namuhla yi-Ad Council. Ekuqaleni wabiza iMpiko Yokukhangisa Yezempi, inomthwalo wokuqukethwe kanye nemvamisa yezikhangiso zomoya. Ngesinye isikhathi, iziteshi zokusakaza zaphoqeleka ukuhlinzeka ngalesi sikhala sokukhangisa mahhala, kodwa lokho kwaphela uma ukukhishwa kwezimali kuqaliswa kuma-80s.
Kodwa-ke, ngokusobala ama-PSA awaziwa kakhulu futhi aphikisayo kule minyaka eyishumi edlule azange avele kwi-Ad Council, kodwa avela kuyiQiniso (eqondiswa yi- CP & B ). Izikhangisi zabo zesitayela ze-guerrilla kanye nemibukiso emigwaqeni engavumelani nabezimbangi ziye zaqeda ukufaka umyalezo onamandla mayelana nezingozi zokubhema. Izikhangiso zeqiniso zihloswe ukuba zishaqise, zivame ukusebenzisa indlela ye "sledgehammer" kumaqiniso, kodwa ukushaya abantu phezu kwekhanda ngolwazi olungenakunakwa.
Iningi lwakamuva, ukuthumela imiyalezo nokushayela izikhangiso sekube nzima kakhulu ukushaya. Inkinga yinto ebhubhane, enezingozi zezimoto ezingu-1 manje ezibangelwa ukuthumela imiyalezo nokushayela e-USA.
Umcabango oPhakathi kolwazi lomphakathi kanye namaPropaganda
I-propaganda iphinde ibe ngaphansi kwe-PSA, kanti nakuba igama linemibono engalungile kulezi zinsuku, iqalile ngempela njengolwazi olungathathi hlangothi.
Kungase kubhekiswe ukuthi umkhankaso weRock The Vote wawuhlobo lwama propaganda, njengoba abaculi abaningi abathintekayo babengamaDemokhrasi. I-propaganda yangempela nokho, ngomqondo omubi, ayibonakali kuma-airwaves aseMelika kodwa ezindaweni lapho kukhona khona, noma ngabe, umbusi wama-fascist emandleni. Ama-PSA akhishwe yi-Hitler neGoebbels aholela phambili, futhi kufaka phakathi, iMpi Yezwe yesibili yayiyizingxenye zokuqamba okungalungile nokulawulwa kwengqondo. UKim Jong-il ugcina leso siko siphile, sigcwalisa ama-airwaves aseNorth Korea, izitaladi kanye nezinto eziprintiwe ngemisebenzi ehlanzekile yezingqungquthela zezombusazwe.
Nakuba ama-PSA avame ukudideka nobudlelwane bomphakathi, kukhona umehluko omkhulu phakathi kokubili. Ngenkathi i-PR ingasetshenziswa ukusiza ukusakaza izwi mayelana non-inzuzo, i-PR isetshenziswa kabanzi yiwo wonke uhlobo lokukhangisa kwezebhizinisi.
Izibonelo Zezimemezelo Zesevisi Kahulumeni
Ngempela, izinkulungwane ze-PSA zithuthukile kule minyaka, futhi ngeke kwenzeke ukumboza ngisho nengxenyana yazo lapha. Kodwa, imilayezo ethile imile ukuvivinywa kwesikhathi, noma ngabe isitayela nokuqukethwe kuncane kakhulu. Nakhu okuyisihlanu okuvelayo:
- Ngifunde Ngokukubuka: Ubaba ungena egumbini lakhe lokulala yendodana yengane futhi uqala ukumphenya ngemithi ayitholile. Ekuqaleni, lo mfana uyanqika ukumtshela ukuthi utholaphi umbono. Kubonakala sengathi uhlanganisa abangane bakhe. Khona-ke, leli bhomu liphuma - "Ngikufunde ngokukubuka." Isikhumbuzo esinzima sokuthi abantu abadala abasebenzisa izidakamizwa bazoba nomthelela ekuziphatheni kwezingane zabo.
- Musa ukufa ngokungazi : Enye kusukela eminyakeni yama-1980, ngalesi sikhathi sesifo esiwumshayabhuqe esasigxile leli gama ngokwesaba. Kwakubizwa ngokuthi i-AIDS, kanti njengoba izingane kanye nabantu abadala bafundiswa nge-TV, ama-PSA ayenesabeka futhi ayesabeka kakhulu. Mhlawumbe omkhulu kakhulu kulawa aphuma e-UK. Ngesihloko esithi, "Ungabulali Ukungazi," i-gravestone enkulu ithumele phansi zonke izimpande. UJohn Hurt wenza i-VO.
- Keep America Beautiful : Isikhangiso esidume kangaka, sasihlelwe nge-smash hit ifilimu ye-Wayne's World 2. Uyazi, ngisho noma ngabe awukho ngempela ukuzungeza okokuqala. Kule TV kanye nomkhankaso wokuphrinta, ukugxila kuMdabu waseMelika ehlane, nomonakalo abona ukuthi uyenziwa emvelweni ekukhungeni nasekungcola. Isithonjana esizwakalayo "esikhalayo saseNdiya" sizalwa kusukela kulo mkhankaso.
- Ubuchopho Ezidakamizwa : I- Heroin akuyona into yokuzulazula, futhi lesi sikhangiso sibonise ukuthi ngendlela evelele kakhulu. Iqanda lihlaselwa yi-cast iron skillet, lilandelwa yilo lonke elakhiwe ekhishini. Intombazane ephethe i skillet kwakunguRaily Leigh Cook, osanda kusiza ukuvuselela umkhankaso wokuvuselela inqubomgomo yamanje yezidakamizwa eMelika. Kuyinto nje ekhunjulwayo.
- Abangane Abangavumeli Abangane Idrayivu Ukudakwa : Indlela enhle ngempela yokubhekana nenkinga yokuphuza nokushayela, leli chinga lalicacile, futhi lisebenza. Abantu abaphuzile abenzi izinqumo ezihlakaniphile. Kodwa abangane babo, uma beqondakala kahle, bayecala uma bevumela abangane babo abadakiwe behle ngemuva kwesondo. Lokhu kuvimbele izinkulungwane zabantu abafa.