Thola ulwazi ngemisebenzi, Imisebenzi Yemivuzo kanye Nezimfuneko Zezemfundo
Siyabonga ngokuyinhloko emidlalweni yobugebengu obuphezulu njenge-CSI, ukusebenzisa i-DNA ekuxazululeni ubugebengu kuthathe indawo yeminwe njengento yonke, isiphetho-sonke isisetshenziswa sabaphenyi bendawo nobugebengu.
Lezi ziboniso ngezinye izikhathi zingase zidwebe isithombe esinamandla kakhulu sokuthi isayensi ye-forensic ephumelelayo futhi ephumelelayo empeleni iyinikela ekuqaliseni into eyaziwa ngokuthi i-CSI effect. Noma kunjalo, kulungile ukusho ukuthi ukutholakala nokutholakala kwe-DNA kuye kwashintsha indlela ubugebengu nezigebengu eziphenywa ngayo, kushushiswa futhi kutholakale enecala.
Ithuluzi elibalulekile
Manje cishe emhlabeni wonke wamukelwa ngokuthi "into eqinisekile," njengoba nje nje ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-1990 amajury ayengafuni ukugweba izigebengu ezisekelwe ebufakazini be-DNA. Babengaqiniseki ngobuchwepheshe kanye nomqondo. Ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu, i-DNA isetshenziselwe ukuhlaziywa kweminwe njengendlela yokuqala yokukhomba izisulu kanye nabasolwa, kanye nokubeka abantu emacaleni obugebengu.
I-DNA isibe ithuluzi elibalulekile hhayi kuphela ekuboneni abasolwa kodwa ekuqedeni. Ngenxa yentuthuko yesayensi, abahlaziyi be-DNA bayakwazi ukunquma ngokunemba okuhambisanayo uma benesimo sephrofayela. Okubaluleke nakakhulu ukuthi umangalelwe ngokungalungile, bangasho ngokuqiniseka okuphelele uma kungekho nhlobo lomdlalo wephrofayela.
Yiziphi i-DNA Analysts
Abahlaziyi be-DNA basebenza ngokuyinhloko endaweni yokubhubhisa, behlola ubufakazi obuhlangene namaphoyisa , ochwepheshe bezenzo zobugebengu , nabaphenyi . Bangase basebenzele i-ejensi yokuphenya ngobugebengu, ibhu lobunikazi emaphakathi noma umnyango omkhulu wamaphoyisa noma umnyango wezithunywa.
Kwezinye izimo, bangase babizwe ukubika endaweni yesehlakalo ukuze basize ekuqoqeni ubufakazi, kodwa lokhu kuvame ukuqhutshwa ngabasebenzi bokuphoqelela umthetho.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-DNA ngumsebenzi ocophelela kakhulu; ososayensi kumele bahlonze, bahlukanise futhi bakopishe amanani amancane e-DNA ngaphakathi kobufakazi bezinto eziphilayo. Bese beqhathanisa lezo zindwangu ukuze zifakwe emthonjeni owaziwayo ukuze zithole ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi umdlalo unjani noma cha.
Ngale ndlela, abahlaziyi bangafaka izigebengu endaweni yesehlakalo, baqaphele izisulu futhi banqume ukuthi umuntu olahlekile noma oshonile wasendaweni ethile, njengemoto noma ikhaya.
Umsebenzi we-analyst we-DNA uvame ukufaka:
- Ukusebenza ebhokisatri
- Ukuhlola izinto eziphilayo
- Bika ukubhala
- Ukunikeza ubufakazi bekhotho
- Ukusebenza nezinhlangano zokuqinisa umthetho
- Ukusebenza eduze nabanye ososayensi besikhulumi
- Ukusebenzisa ilabhu ebucayi nemishini yekhompyutha
I-DNA ikhona ezintweni eziphilayo, kuhlanganise namathe, i-semen, igazi, i-sweat, i-mucus, isikhumba, ngisho ne-wax indlebe.
I-DNA ingatholakala futhi enhlanzweni nasenkingeni yamafecal. Ngenxa yalokhu, umsebenzi njengomcwaningi we-DNA akuyona neze i-squeamish. Ngenhlanhla, izinto eziningi azidingekile; abahlaziyi bangasebenzisa ubufakazi bokulandelela.
Abahlaziyi behlukanisa izinto eziphilayo kanye nobufakazi be-DNA obuvela emithonjeni ehlukahlukene, njengokugqoka, izigqoko, izigqoko zokugqoka kanye nezikhali, nezikhali. Noma yikuphi ubuso umuntu ahlangana naye kungase kube nomthelela othile wezinto eziphilayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, abahlaziyi baqeqeshwe ukuthola zonke izinhlobo zobufakazi bezinto eziphilayo ukuze bahlole, kuzo zonke izinto zokwakha kanye nezindawo.
Izidingo Zezemfundo Nezikhono ze-DNA Analysts
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-DNA iyinsimu yesayensi ekhethekile kakhulu. Nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi uqale umsebenzi njengomchwepheshe ngaphandle kwezinga eliyiminyaka emine, ngokuvamile kuqondwa ukuthi i-master degree noma udokotela kumele kudingeke ukuba athole umsebenzi njengomhlaziyi we-DNA.
Amadigri kufanele abe sezesayensi yemvelo, ikakhulukazi i-biology. Kunconywa ukuthi ube nolwazi oluthile kwezobugebengu noma ubulungiswa obugebengu , mhlawumbe njengengane encane noma ekhethiwe. Kungase kube nomqondo omuhle wokuthola inhlanganisela ethile yezinga eliyisayensi ye-forensic kanye nenkosi yezinto eziphilayo noma ngokufanayo.
Ngokwemvelo, amakhono okuhlaziya kufanele. Abahlaziyi bezezimali bazofuna ukukhululeka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye namakhompiyutha, futhi kufanele bakwazi ukucacisa ngokucacile ukutholakala kwabo kokubili imibiko ebhaliwe nangomlomo, okwenza amakhono okuxhumana abalulekile.
Umholo we-DNA Analysts
Abahlaziyi be-DNA bangalindela ukuhola cishe u-$ 52,000 ngonyaka, ngokwesilinganiso. Amaphesenti angu-10 aphansi athola okungaphezulu kwamaRandi angu-30,000, futhi amaholo aphezulu akhokhelwa amaphesenti angu-10 athola okungaphezulu kwama-$ 80,000. Imholo izohluka ngokususelwa endaweni, izinga lemfundo nobude benkonzo ensimini.
Amathuba omsebenzi we-DNA Analysts
Ukubheka umsebenzi wokukhula kuzo zonke izinsizakalo zesayensi yezobunhloli kulindeleke ukuthi kube ngamaphesenti angu-19 ngo-2020. Ucwaningo olwenziwa yi-National Institute of Justice lubonisa ukuthi ukuhlaziywa kwe-DNA kungasiza uma kunwetshwa ebugebengu bezindlu, njengokuba nokweba, ngaphezu ubugebengu obunobudlova okwamanje asetshenziselwa.
Ngakho-ke, njengoba ukuhlaziywa kwe-DNA kuqhubeka ngokuphumelelayo futhi kusebenza kahle, kunengqondo ukulindela okungcono kunokukhula komsebenzi emkhakheni.
Umsebenzi we-DNA Analyst
Uma unengqondo yokuhlaziya, jabulela ukusebenza endaweni yokubhubhisa futhi unesifiso esinamandla sokusiza abanye nokusebenzela ubulungisa, ungajabulela ukusebenza njengomhlaziyi we-DNA. Eqinisweni, kungase kube umsebenzi ophelele wezobugebengu kuwe .