Imisebenzi
I-epidemiologists yezilwane yizilwane zezilwane ezinokuqeqeshwa okuphambili ekuqapheleni, ekulawuleni nasekuvimbeleni izifo ezilwaneni. Imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-epidemiologist ingase ifaka ukutadisha ukudluliswa kwezifo kanye namaphethini okwenzeka, ukuqapha ukuphumelela kwemigomo, ukutadisha amaphethini wokuphikisa izidakamizwa ze-pathogenic, ukuhlola ukukhathazeka kwempilo yomphakathi okuxhunyaniswe nemikhiqizo yokudla okusezilwaneni, kanye nokunye ukucwaninga.
Abaningi be-epidemiologists basebenza amahora amaningi ehhovisi ngaphandle kokuthi ukuqubuka kwezifo kudinga ukunakwa ngokushesha.
Izinketho zemisebenzi
I-Epidemiology ingenye yezinto eziningi ezikhethekile lapho izilwane zezilwane zikwazi ukufeza isitifiketi sebhodi. I-American College ye-Veterinary Preventive Medicine yabika ochwepheshe abangama-epidemiology abangama-55 ngo-2014 (ingxenye encane yamalunga awo angu-687). Isitifikedi seBhodi asidingeki ukuba sibhekwe njengesifo se-veterinary epidemiologist, kodwa-ke, abaningi bezilwane zezilwane baqedela ezinye izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ensimini (njenge-FDA's Epidemiology Training Program).
I-epidemiologists yezilwane zingathola imisebenzi nabaqashi abahlukahlukene njengama-laboratories ocwaningo, izikhungo zemfundo, nezinkampani zangasese (njengezinkampani ezenza imithi). Izinhlangano zikaHulumeni ezifana ne-US Food & Drug Administration nazo zisebenzisa ama-epidemiologists amaningi ukuqapha ukudluliswa kwezifo ezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane nokugcina impilo yomphakathi.
I-FDA epidemiologists yezilwane isebenza esikhungweni se-Veterinary Medicine, isikhungo sokuphepha kokudla nokusetshenziswa kwesondlo, isikhungo samadivaysi kanye nempilo yezempilo, kanye nesikhungo sokuhlola nokucwaninga kwezinto zezinto eziphilayo.
Imfundo Nokuqeqesha
Izifo ze- veterinary epidemiologists kufanele ziqale ngokufeza udokotela wabo oyisisekelo wezokwelapha (DVM) degree.
Ngemuva kokuthola imvume yokusebenzisa imithi, i-vet ingaqala ukufeza izidingo ezizoholela esitifiketi sebhodi ensimini ekhethekile ye-epidemiology, uma nje inesithakazelo ekuphishekeleni le ndlela. (Okunye okukhethwa kukho ngaphandle kwesitifiketi sebhodi kufaka izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezikhethekile nama-ejensi kahulumeni noma amazinga aphambili njengeMasters ku-Public Health noma i-Ph.D. ku-Epidemiology).
Ukuze afanele ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwesitifiketi sebhodi, ozobhapathizwa kumele kuqala abe yisikhulu eMelika College of Veterinary Preventive Medicine (ACVPM). Kumele futhi babe neminyaka emibili yendaba eyenziwe yamuva emkhakheni we-epidemiology, unomagazini oshicilelwe (noma okushicilelwe) encwadini yezesayensi ebuyekeziwe, futhi uthole izincomo ezintathu zezobuchwepheshe. I-certification certification test for epidemiology ilawulwa yi-ACVPM. Ngemuva kokudlula lokhu kuhlolwa, umuntu ozobhapathizwa unikezwe isikhundla se-diplomat in the specialty of epidemiology.
Labo abangafuni ukulandela isitifiketi sesitifiketi sebhodi bangaba nesithakazelo kuhlelo lwe-FDA's Epidemiology Training. Lolu hlelo olukhethiwe kakhulu lubandakanya unyaka wokufundela iziqu emkhakheni we-epidemiology kanye nempilo yomphakathi, okulandelwa ukuhlala iminyaka emibili.
Izinhlangano Ezihlobene
I-Association for Veterinary Epidemiology and Medicine Preventive (AVEPM) inhlangano yobulungu bezobuchwepheshe bezilwane zezilwane nabanye abahilelekile emkhakheni we-epidemiology yezilwane. I-AVEPM inikeza ulwazi lwezemfundo futhi iqondisa izenzakalo zamalungu ayo ezizobasiza ukuba balondoloze imfuneko yabo yokuqhubeka imfundo. Ukuqhutshwa kwemfundo okuqhubekayo kuvame ukutholakala ngokuya emifundweni nasekubandakanyekeni emisebenzini yebhu.
Umholo
Ukwaziswa kwamuva okuqoqwe yi-Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) kubonise ukuthi umholo wonyaka ophakathi kwabo bonke abahlengikazi bezingu-$ 87,590 (ngoMeyi ka-2014). Amaphesenti angaphansi ayishumi kubo bonke abahlengikazi bezilwane zasemakhaya bahola ngaphansi kwe $ 52,530 ngonyaka ngenkathi amaphesenti ayishumi kubo bonke abahlengikazi bezilwane bezilwane bethola imali engaphezu kwe $ 157,390 ngonyaka.
Ngenkathi i-BLS inganikezi izinombolo ezihlukile zemiholo ngayinye yezici ezikhethekile zezokwelapha, izinhlangano eziqinisekisiwe zebhodi zihola amaholo ekupheleni kokuphezulu kwesilinganiso ngenxa yokuqeqeshwa nokuqeqeshwa kwabo okubanzi.
Ngokusho kwe-BLS, umholo wesilinganiso kubo bonke abadokotela be-epidemiologists wawuyizigidi ezingama-67,420 ngoMeyi ka-2014. Amaphesenti ayishumi aphansi azuze ngaphansi kwamaRandi ayizinkulungwane ezingu-43,530 kanti amaphesenti ayishumi aphezulu athola okungaphezulu kwamaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-112,360. Labo abaqashiwe ekucwaningeni nasekuthuthukisweni umholo ophezulu wesilinganiso ($ 89,360).
Lezo zifo ze-epidemiologist eziqedile ukuhlala kwazo zihola umholo ngesikhathi sezifundo zabo, kodwa isinxephezelo ngokuvamile sincane kakhulu kunalokho ababezothola ngenkathi besebenza njengodokotela wezilwane emisebenzini yangasese. Amaholo omhlalaphansi wezinhlelo eziningi ngokuvamile avela ku-$ 25,000 kuya ku-$ 35,000 ngonyaka, kuye ngokuthi okukhethekile nezindleko zokuhlala endaweni.
I-Outlook Outlook
Imiphumela yezinhlolovo ze-Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) ibonisa ukuthi umsebenzi wezokwelapha wonke uzokukhula ngokushesha kunanoma yiziphi izibalo (cishe amaphesenti angu-9) kusukela ngo-2014 kuya ku-2024. I-BLS ibuye ibikezele ukukhula okulinganiselwe kwesigaba jikelele sazo zonke izifo ze-epidemiologists , okumele kwandiswe ngamaphesenti angu-6 esikhathini esifanayo.
Abafuyi bezilwane abafeza isitifiketi sebhodi noma olunye ukuqeqeshwa okuphambili kufanele baqhubeke bejabulela amathemba amahle kakhulu emkhakheni we-epidemiology.