Hlala uqhathanisa nemithethonqubo kahulumeni, yendawo, kanye neyomthetho mayelana nokubandlululwa
Ukubandlulula ezintweni eziningi ezihlobene nomsebenzi kungekho emthethweni. Abaqashi kumele bathathe izinyathelo ngokucophelela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo abazenza kuzo zonke izici zomsebenzi zingokomthetho, ezokuziphatha, futhi zisekelwa yimibhalo yamaqiniso neziqu.
Imithetho yokubandlulula emisebenzini icacile ekuchazeni ukuthi ukubandlululwa komsebenzi akuvumelekile futhi kungemthetho. Ngokucacile, izinkampani azikwazi ukubandlulula ngokomthetho abantu ngokusekelwe kobuhlanga, ubulili, inkolo, ukukhulelwa, nokukhubazeka. Indlela leyo mithetho isetshenziswa ngayo ihlukahluka kakhulu.
Imithetho ye-Federal and State Vary
Kukhona imithetho yenhlangano wonke umuntu okumelwe alandele futhi asho futhi nemithetho yendawo yokulwa nokubandlulula abaqashi okufanele balandele endaweni yabo. Kumele uqaphele ukuthi uhlu olungezansi alunzulu futhi nje ngoba into engekho kulolu hlu akusho ukuthi ayihlanganiswa umthetho.
Isibonelo, akekho umthetho wezomthetho ovimbela ukubandlulula kubantu abakhuluphele (ngaphandle uma leso sisindo sibalwa njengokukhubazeka). Noma kunjalo, iMichigan namadolobha ayisithupha anemithetho enjalo kulezi zincwadi.
Imithetho eyengeziwe ye-Federal ingase ibe khona ekhuluma ngokubandlululwa komsebenzi. Uma ucabanga ngemithetho yokubandlulula emsebenzini , izinga eliphakeme kakhulu, noma isimo noma i-Federal, ngokuvamile lisetshenziselwa ukuhlukunyezwa komsebenzi wokubandlulula.
Iminingi yale mithetho isendulo futhi isungulwe, nokho isabangela izinkinga. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-2015, iNkantolo Ephakeme yenze inkantolo icala elibandakanya umthetho we-Title VII ka-1964. Kulokhu, owesifazane osemusha oxoxwa nomthengisi u-Abercrombie noFitch ngesikhathi egqoke i-headcarf.
Uthole phezulu futhi wayevame ukunikezwa umsebenzi, kodwa bamlahla ngenxa ye-headcarf.
Inkantolo inqume ukuthi le nkampani kufanele ibuze ukuthi ingabe yayigqoke ngezizathu zenkolo kunokulinda ukuba ibuze.
Phela, wayengazi ukuthi lesi sikhwama sasihambisana nenqubomgomo yabo.
Imithetho Ethinta Abaqashi
Nazi ezinye ze-Federal imithetho ezivikela abasebenzi. Imithetho ishintsha njalo futhi inselele ngakho-ke kudingeka udinga ngokufanele ukuhlala phezulu ezintweni. Uma ungabaza ngemithetho engathinta indawo yakho, hlola isimo sakho esifana ne-Federal Department of Labour kanye nommeli womthetho wokuqashwa.
- Umthetho Wokulingana Wokulingana ka-1963 (EPA) uvikela amadoda nabesifazane abenza umsebenzi olingana nokubandlululwa kwemali ngokusekelwe ocansini.
- Isihloko VII soMthetho wamaLungelo oMphakathi ka-1964 sikwenqabela ukucwaswa komsebenzi ngokususelwa emncintiswaneni , umbala, inkolo, ubulili noma isizwe.
- Ukubandlululwa Kweminyaka Emisebenzini Yomsebenzi ka-1967 (i-ADEA) ivikela abantu abaneminyaka engama-40 nangaphezulu kusukela ekubandlululweni komsebenzi okususelwa eminyakeni yobudala.
- Umthetho Wokuvuselelwa Ka-1973 uvimbela ukucwaswa kwabantu abakhubazekile abakhubazekile abasebenza kuhulumeni wesifundazwe.
- Isihloko I no-V V we- Americans with Disability Act ka-1990, njengoba kuchitshiyelwe (ADA) kwenza kube ngumthetho kumqashi onabasebenzi abangaba ngu-15 noma ngaphezulu ukubandlulula umuntu ofanelekile onesifo sokukhubazeka. (Izifunda zomuntu ngamunye zingabandakanya abaqashi nabasebenzi abambalwa.)
- Umthetho wamalungelo omphakathi ka-1991 unika umonakalo wezimali ezimweni lapho umqashi ebenzile ukucwaswa komsebenzi ngokuzithandela.
- Umthetho Wokuhlukunyezwa Kwezibalo Zokwaziswa Ngofuzo (2008) (GINA) awuvimbeli ukucwaswa komsebenzi ngokusekelwe kolwazi lwezofuzo mayelana nomfakisicelo, isisebenzi, noma isisebenzi sangaphambili.
- Umthetho we-Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay ka-2009 ulungisa uMthetho wamaLungelo oMphakathi ka-1964 ukusho ukuthi umthetho wezinsuku ezingu-180 wokunciphisa ukufaka icala lokubandlulula ukukhokhela inkokhelo uqala ngokukhokhwa okusha okubandlulula.
- Umthetho Wokuvikelwa Kwezibonelelo Zomsebenzi Omdala wowezi-1990 uvikela izinzuzo zabasebenzi asebekhulile ezintweni ezifana nomhlalaphansi kanye nezimpesheni.
- Umthetho Wokukhulelwa Ukukhulelwa Kuwenza kube ngokungemthetho ukubandlulula owesifazane ngenxa yokukhulelwa noma ukubeletha. Isibonelo, awukwazi ukwenqaba ukuqasha owesifazane okhulelwe ngenxa yokukhulelwa kwakhe.
Lezi yizidingo eziyinhloko zikahulumeni emithethweni yokubandlulula emsebenzini. Gcina lokhu engqondweni njengoba uqasha futhi uqeqesha abasebenzi. Ukugxila kwakho kufanele kube njalo ekusebenzeni hhayi kumuntu siqu.