Umthetho waseMelika onokukhubazeka-Imithwalo yemfanelo yomqashi

I-ADA Yenza Ukucwaswa Kuzo Zonke Izenzo Zokuqasha ezingekho emthethweni

Umthetho we-Americans With Disability Act (ADA) wenza kube mthethweni ngomqashi onabasebenzi abangaba ngu-15 noma ngaphezulu ukubandlulula umuntu ofanelekile onesifo sokukhubazeka. Abantu baseMichigan Abakhubazekile Umthetho Wamalungelo Abantu, ofana ne-ADA ngezindlela eziningi, uhlanganisa abaqashi nabasebenzi oyedwa noma ngaphezulu. Lesi sihloko sibhekene nezinkinga eziningi zomthetho wokukhubazeka ezifanele kubaqashi.

Qinisekisa ukuthi uxhumane nommeli wakho womthetho womsebenzi endaweni yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usheshe ukusheshisa kunoma imuphi umthetho ongathinta izenzo zakho njengomqashi.

Ngokungangabazeki uthi ngaphezu kweMichigan nezinye iziphathimandla kuzoba nezidingo zabo siqu ngaphezu komthetho wase-Federal.

Ubani ovikelwe yi-ADA? I-ADA isebenza kumuntu onokukhubazeka okungokwenyama noma kwengqondo okukhawulela kakhulu umsebenzi oyedwa noma ngaphezulu (njengokuhamba, ukuma, ukuguqa noma ukuphefumula).

Izibonelo zihlanganisa abantu abanezimo zomzimba ezifana nesifo sofuba, isifo sikashukela, izinhlobo ezinamandla ze-arthritis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma i-carpal tunnel syndrome, kanye nabantu abanokukhubazeka kwengqondo okufana nokucindezeleka okukhulu, ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwe-bipolar (manic-depression), nokuphuza kwengqondo. Izidakamizwa zihlanganiswa kanye nokuphulukisa izidakamizwa.

Umuntu onokukhubazeka kufanele akwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ebalulekile yomsebenzi, noma ngaphandle kokuhlala , ukuze avikelwe yi-ADA. Lo muntu kumele futhi afanelekele ukufaneleka isikhundla.

Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu kufanele akwazi ukwanelisa izidingo zomsebenzi emlandweni wezemfundo, isipiliyoni somsebenzi, amakhono, amalayisensi, nanoma yiziphi ezinye izindinganiso eziphathelene nemisebenzi.

Yini efaneleka njengento ebalulekile? Imisebenzi ebalulekile yimisebenzi eyisisekelo yesikhundla.

Izici ezibalulekile zihlanganisa:

Imiphi imikhuba yomsebenzi ehlanganisiwe? I-ADA yenza kube ngokungemthetho ukubandlulula kuzo zonke izindlela zokuqashwa, kubandakanya ukuqasha , ukuqashelwa, ukudubula, ukukhokhela, ukukhushulwa , izabelo zomsebenzi, ukuqeqeshwa, ukuhamba, ukudilizwa , izinzuzo, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ADA ivimbela umqashi ukuthi angaziphindiseli kumfakisicelo noma isisebenzi sokuqinisekisa amalungelo akhe ngaphansi kwe-ADA.

I-ADA iphinde ibe yinto engemthetho ukubandlulula umfakisicelo noma isisebenzi , ukuthi sikhubazekile noma cha, ngenxa yobuhlobo bomuntu noma inhlangano nomuntu onokukhubazeka.

I-ADA idinga ukuthi umqashi akwenze? Abaqashi abahlanganiswe i-ADA kumele baqiniseke ukuthi abantu abakhubazekile:

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umqashi uphinde adingeke ukuba anikeze indawo yokuhlala yokuhlala efanele uma umuntu okhubazekile edinga eyodwa ukuze afake isicelo, enze umsebenzi, noma ajabulele izinzuzo ezilingana nalabo abanikezwa abanye abasebenzi.

Umqashi akudingeki anikeze noma yikuphi ukuhlala okungabangela ubunzima obungadingekile.

Iyiphi indawo yokuhlala yokuhlala enengqondo? Ukuhlala okunengqondo kukhona ukulungiswa noma ukuguqulwa okuhlinzekwe ngumqashi ukwenza abantu abakhubazekile bakwazi ukujabulela amathuba afanayo okuqashwa .

Izindawo zokuhlala ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezidingo zomuntu ozifaka isicelo noma umsebenzi. Akubona bonke abantu abakhubazekile (noma bonke abantu abanokukhubazeka okufanayo) abazodinga indawo efanayo yokuhlala. Ukuhlala okunengqondo kungase kube phakathi kwezimo ezithile:

Kuyini ubunzima obungadingekile? Ukucindezeleka okungadingekile kuchazwa njengesenzo esidinga ubunzima obukhulu noma izindleko lapho kucatshangwa ngokubhekisele ezintweni ezinjengalezi:

Uma ukuhlinzeka indawo ethile yokuhlala kungabangela ubunzima obungadingekile, umqashi kufanele acabangele ukuthi kukhona indawo yokuhlala engekho.

Umqashi angabheka yini izinkinga zempilo nokuphepha ekunqumeni ukuthi uzoqasha umuntu ofake isicelo noma agcine umsebenzi onokukhubazeka? Yebo. I-ADA ivumela umqashi ukuthi afune ukuthi umuntu angabe esongela ngqo impilo nokuphepha komuntu kwabanye abasebenzi, noma emphakathini.

Ukusongela ngqo kusho ingozi enkulu yokulimala kakhulu.

Umqashi angadinga nini ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha? I-ADA ivimbela ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngaphambi kokunikezwa komsebenzi okwenziwe. Ngemuva kokuthi umsebenzi unikezwe futhi ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi , ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kungadingeka futhi ukunikezelwa komsebenzi kungenziwa isimo esimweni sokuhlolwa. Ukuhlolwa kumele kudingeke kubo bonke abafake isicelo esifundeni esifanayo.

Uma umnikelo wokuqashwa uhoxiswa ngenxa yokuthola izidakamizwa, umqashi kumele akwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi ukwenqatshwa kwakuhlobene nokusebenza kanye nesidingo sebhizinisi nokuthi kwakungekho indawo yokuhlala yokuhlala efanelekayo ezokwenza lowo muntu enze imisebenzi ebalulekile yomsebenzi. Ngenxa yokwanda kwamacala okuqashwa, ukuqopha ngokucophelela konke lokhu kucatshangwa kunconywa kakhulu.

Ngaphansi kwe-ADA, abaqashi ngokuvamile angeke bafune ukuhlolwa kwezempilo kwabasebenzi ngaphandle kwezimo ezilandelayo:

Ngokufingqa, kuyilapho i-ADA ingabangela abaqashi ukuba bayeke isikhashana futhi bakhathazeke ngokuhambisana, uma usuwenzile izinga lakho elihle lokusebenza ngaphakathi kwezidingo zomthetho, uphatha abasebenzi nabasebenzi abangase babe nobulungisa nobulungisa kubo bonke. Futhi, akunjalo yini umqondo wakho oyinhloko kuwe njengomqashi?

Ukuziphendulela: Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ulwazi olunikeziwe, ngenkathi lugunyaziwe, aluqinisekisiwe ngokunemba nokufaneleka. Isayithi lifundwa yizethameli zomhlaba jikelele kanye nomthetho wemisebenzi kanye nemithethonqubo yokuqhathanisa ihluka kusuka emazweni kuya emazweni nakwamanye amazwe kanye nonyaka. Sicela ucele usizo lwezomthetho, noma usizo oluvela kumbuso kahulumeni, we-Federal, noma we-International, ukuze wenze ukuthi incazelo yakho yezomthetho nezinqumo zakho zilungile ngendawo yakho.

Lolu lwazi luyisiqondiso, imibono, nosizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuyona imininingwane ephelele yendaba.