Abaqashi kudingeka bathathe izinkombandlela eziningana zokuvimbela ukucwaswa emsebenzini. Ungalindi kuze kube yilapho usuhloswe khona icala ngaphambi kokuba ulandele izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula ezingavimbela iminyaka yobuhlungu.
Ukuqokwa Kwokuqashwa Komsebenzi Ukuphakama
Ake siqale ngokubheka ububanzi benkinga emacala okubandlululwa komsebenzi. Amanani e- US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) abonisa ukuthi inani eliphakeme kakhulu lokucwaswa komsebenzi emlandweni walo weminyaka engu-45 lafakwa ngonyaka wezimali ophela ngo-September 30, 2010.
Izibalo ze-EEOC mayelana nokucwaswa komsebenzi ziyaqhubeka zikhombisa umkhuba weminyaka emithathu wokunyusa ukufaka icala nokufaka amacala. Ebhekene nomnotho othukuthele, isabelomali esiphezulu se-EEOC, kanye nokubuyekezwa komsebenzi kumithetho ye-EEO, ukuthambekela kokubandlululwa komsebenzi kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke.
Ukuthola okusemqoka embonini yokubandlululwa komsebenzi kubonisa ukuthi ngo-2010:
- Ukucwaswa kokuziphindisela kuyindlela ekhonjiswe kakhulu kunazo zonke zokucwaswa komsebenzi (amacala angu-36 258). Ngokomlando, izikhalo zokuziphindiselela ezithunyelwe nge-EEOC zanda ngo-44%, kusukela ngamacala angu-22 690 ngo-2003 kuya ku-32 690 ngo-2008.
- Ukubuyiselwa kulandelwa eduze nokucwaswa kohlanga (amacala angu-35 890).
- Ukubandlululwa komsebenzi kuthatha amarekhodi amasha ngezocansi, imvelaphi kazwelonke, inkolo , nokubandlulula ukukhishwa amacala.
- Ukubandlulula ukukhubazeka kwamacala kukhule cishe ngo-20%, ngenxa yalokho okuyingxenye, ku-2008 yama-Americans with Disability Act Amendments Act (ADAAA).
- I-EEOC inakekele ukucwaswa kokuqala kwemisebenzi ekhishwe ngaphansi koMthetho we-Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA).
- I-EEOC ithola amacala angama-31,000 okusho ukuhlukumeza okungekho emthethweni; Kuyi-11 717 amacala okuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi . Iningi lamacala okuhlukunyezwa kuthiwa uhlobo oluthile lokuhlukunyezwa, ngaphandle kokuhlukunyezwa ngokobulili , njengobuhlanga, imvelaphi kazwelonke, noma ukuhlukumeza ngokwenkolo.
"I-EEOC iphinde yabika ukuthi iphephile ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingamaRandi ezingu-404 ezinkambeni zemali kubantu ngabanye - izinga eliphakeme kakhulu losizo olutholakala ngokuqiniswa kokuphatha emlandweni kaKhomishana," kusho uShanti Atkins, u-Esq., UMengameli kanye noMphathi we-ELT, Inc., inkampani ekhethekile ekuqeqesheni ukuziphatha nokuqeqeshwa.
Izindleko zokuphakama kwezimpahla ze-EEOC Ezibiza kakhulu kubaqashi
Kusukela kumbono womqashi, izindleko zokuqeda ukuxazulula ukufelwa kwe-EEOC ekubhekaneni nokungeziwe, okungajwayelekile, izindleko kumhlangano womqashi. U-Atkins uthi lokhu kufaka izindleko ze:
- ukuphazamiseka kwabasebenzi bezinhlangano ezinyangeni njengoba amadokhumenti ehlangene futhi elungiselelwe, uphenyo lwangaphakathi luqhutshwa, futhi isikhathi sitshala ukulwa nesimangalo,
- ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wezezimali ngenkathi ngaphansi kwengcindezi eqhubekayo yecala,
- ukulahlekelwa okungenzeka kwegama lomqashi njengomqashi ozikhethele ukuqasha nokugcina abasebenzi abathandekayo, noma ngabe batholakala benecala noma bengenacala, futhi
- izimali zommeli ezingaba nezindleko eziningi noma ngaphezulu kunokuqeda, uma umqashi etholakele enecala.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zindleko ezikhuni, i-Atkins ithi inkokhelo yesilinganiso esisodwa esisodwa ibangele izindleko zokuvikela zezingu-250,000 zamaRandi kanye nesigwebo se-jury esingu-$ 200,000. Eminye imithombo ibeka imiklomelo yesilinganiso esiphezulu nakakhulu, cishe ngo-$ 900,000 ngo-2007, kanti ukuhlala okulinganiselwa cishe ku-$ 550,000.
Kunoma yikuphi, iziklomelo zamajaji ziyabiza abaqashi. Izigwegwe zezinyathelo ze-Class, ezikhulayo, ngokuvamile ziholela kumiklomelo engaphansi kommangali kodwa zingakhokhisa umqashi izigidi zamaRandi ngenkokhelo kanye nezigidi ezingabonakali izindleko zomsebenzi ezibalulwe ngenhla.
Yize izindleko ezingase zibe khona zokuhlukunyezwa kokuqashwa komsebenzi ziphezulu, ohlangothini oluhlangene, abaqashi banomsebenzi othile. Ngokusho kukaGail Zoppo, ku-DiversityInc.com, abasebenzi abazwa ukuthi banenkinga yokuqashwa kufanele baqale bakhononde kumqashi wabo. Lokhu kunikeza umqashi ithuba lokuphenya ukucwaswa kokuqashwa komsebenzi futhi unikeze umphumela ngokusebenzisa inqubo yabo yokuphendula isikhalazo evamile.
Abasebenzi abangakholelwa ukuthi isikhalazo sabo sibhekiswe ngokwanele ngumqashi wabo, futhi ezimweni lapho ukuqhubeka nokuhlukunyezwa noma ukucwaswa kuqhubeka, kungafaka isicelo se-EEOC. UZoppo, ngokubonisana nommeli wobudlelwano nobudlelwano noBob Gregg, ongumlingani eBhodiman Law Firm., Uthi amacala angu-95 402 afakwe ne-EEOC ngonyaka odlule, i-EEOC ivele yafaka amacala angu-325. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe i-EEOC ikhuluma ngokuthi "ilungelo lokusola," kumsebenzi, lowo muntu kumele abe nemali eyinhloko ekutshaleni izeluleko zomthetho.
Uma kungenjalo, umuntu angathemba ukuthi ukuqonda okuvamile kungabonisa ukuthi ummeli, onikezwe izinsizakalo ezikhokhelwa izindleko zokuqashwa komqashi noma ingxenye yomklomelo wamajaji, uzothatha amacala abonisa ukuthi kufanelekile.
Lokho Abaqashi Bangayenza Ukuvimbela Ukucwaswa Kwemisebenzi
Abaqashi ababeka izinyathelo eziqinile ekuvimbeleni nasekubhekaneni nokubandlululwa komsebenzi , ukuhlukunyezwa, nokuziphindiselela bangagwema amacala nokugwetshwa kwe-EEOC.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinqubomgomo zabo zokubandlulula emsebenzini , ukulungiswa kwemisebenzi, kanye nemikhuba zingasebenzisa ukuxhaswa kokucwaswa komsebenzi. Uma umqashi angabonisa izenzo ezilandelayo zokuvimbela, umqashi angase abalekele umonakalo omkhulu.
Abaqashi bayelulekwa ukuvimbela ukubandlululwa komsebenzi nokudala isiko lendawo yokusebenzela elidambisa ukubandlululwa komsebenzi, ukuhlukunyezwa nokuziphindiselela, ngalezi zenzo.
- Faka futhi uhlanganise inqubomgomo eqinile eyenza umsebenzi ukubandlululwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo olungamukeleki endaweni yakho yokusebenzela. Inqubomgomo idinga ukumboza ukubandlululwa komsebenzi, ukuhlukunyezwa nokuphindiselwa. Inqubomgomo kumele ifake inqubo yokubika noma yiziphi izenzakalo zokubandlululwa komsebenzi, ukuhlukunyezwa noma ukuphindisela inkampani. Izisebenzi ezikhethayo zinikezwa izindlela eziningana zokubika izenzakalo uma kwenzeka umphathi wabo ehilelekile ekubandlululweni komsebenzi.
- Inqubomgomo yokubandlulula kufanele ibuye ikhulume nendlela isikhalazo somsebenzi esizobhekana ngayo nesicaciso sezinyathelo. Inqubomgomo yokubandlulula kufanele ihlume isinyathelo sokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe esizothathwa nabenzi bokubi.
- Inqubomgomo yokubandlulula kufanele ibuye ixoxisane nhlobo yokuphindisela nokucindezeleka ukuthi ukuphindiselela kuyindlela yokubandlulula. Ekugcineni, inqubomgomo yokubandlulula kufanele iqukethe inqubo yokukhalaza yabasebenzi abangenelisekile ngomphumela wesikhalazo sabo.
- Qeqesha abaphathi bakho ekusebenziseni inqubomgomo yokulwa nokubandlulula ngokulindela ukuthi ukuvimbela kuwumthwalo wabo. Indima yomphathi ukudala imvelo yomsebenzi kanye namasiko lapho ukubandlululwa komsebenzi, ukuhlukumeza, nokuziphindiselela kungenzeki.
- Abaphathi kumele babone izimpawu nezimpawu zokuthi ukucwaswa, ukuhlukunyezwa noma ukuphindisela kwenzeka futhi ukwazi ukubhekana nalezi zenzo ezingekho emthethweni. Abaphathi kufanele baqonde kahle inqubomgomo yenkampani futhi bazi ukuthi bangazibona kanjani izimo zomsebenzi ezingase zenyuke emisebenzini yokubandlulula, ukuhlukunyezwa noma ukuziphindisela.
- U-Atkins uthi ukuqeqeshwa kumele kuhambisane nazo zonke izinhlobo zokucwaswa komsebenzi nokuhlukunyezwa ngendlela ehlangene kunokubhekisa ngamunye njenge-silo. Ukucwaswa komsebenzi, ukuhlukunyezwa, ukuphindiselelwa, ukuxhashazwa , intukuthelo nokuhlukunyezwa okungenzeka kufanele konke kubhekane ndawonye njengokwemukelekile emsebenzini wakho.
- Ukuqeqeshwa okuphumelelayo kufanele kufundise ukuthi zonke lezi zici kanye nokuziphatha zihlanganisa, zihlangane, futhi zihlanganiswe ndawonye ukuze zenze imvelo yokusekela, engacacile, engabasebenzi.
- Ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi okuphoqelekile kumele kuxoxisane nezindaba eziningi ezifana nokuqeqeshwa kwabaphathi ngokuphathelene nokucwaswa komsebenzi. Izisombululo zokuqeqeshwa kwe-inthanethi ezibiza izindleko ziyatholakala kwezinye izingxenye zalokhu kuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Bonke abasebenzi kumele basayine irekhodi lokuqeqesha ukuze bakhombise ukuthi bayazi futhi baqonde inqubomgomo yomqashi nenqubo yokukhalaza.
- Yakha amathemba namasiko. Ukudala indawo yokusebenza engekho emkhakheni wokucwaswa komsebenzi, futhi zonke izinhlobo zokuhlukunyezwa nokuziphindiselela kumele zibe yingxenye yemininingwane yomsebenzi wesisebenzi , izinhloso ekusebenzeni kwenqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwentuthuko , nokubuyekezwa komsebenzi nokuhlolwa.
- Phendula isikhalazo somsebenzi mayelana nokucwaswa komsebenzi, ukuhlukumeza noma ukuphindisela ngesikhathi esifanele, sochwepheshe, okuyimfihlo, nokuhambisana nomgomo. Khuluma isikhalazo somsebenzi ngokusebenzisa isikhalazo, uma kunesidingo.
Njenganoma yikuphi isimo somsebenzi esingabangela ukuhlukunyezwa, ukubhala zonke izici zokuqeqesha inqubomgomo, uphenyo lwesikhalazo, ukuqashwa nokukhushulwa , ukuthuthukiswa kokuphathwa , ukuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi bokuvimbela. Imizamo yakho emihle yokholo yokuvimbela ukubandlululwa komsebenzi, ukuhlukunyezwa nokuziphindiselela kungakusiza kahle - okubaluleke nakakhulu esikhathini esizayo.