Kungani Ukucwaswa Kwakufanele Kukhunjulwe Abaqashi Kunoma Yimuphi Isimo Sokuqashwa
Abantu abaneminyaka engama-40 nangaphezulu bavikelekile emisebenzini yokubandlululwa ngokususelwa eminyakeni yobudala ngokucwaswa kwe-Age Employment Act (ADEA) ka-1967. Ukuvikelwa kwe-ADEA kusebenza kubo bobabili nabasebenzi abafaka isicelo somsebenzi.
Ukubandlululwa kweminyaka kuvunyelwe kunoma yisiphi isikhathi, isimo, noma ilungelo elihlobene nomsebenzi.
Ukubandlululwa komdala akuvumelekile kunoma yisiphi isigaba sokuqashwa kubandakanya ukuthunyelwa kwemisebenzi , izincazelo zemisebenzi , izingxoxo, ukuqashelwa, amaholo, izabelo zomsebenzi, ukunyuswa kwemisebenzi , ukuphathwa kokusebenza kanye nokuhlolwa, ukuqeqeshwa, izenzo zokuqondisa izigwegwe , ukukhushulwa , ukukhulelwa, izinzuzo, ukuqedwa kokuqashwa kanye nokudilizwa.
Noma yisiphi isenzo umqashi esithathayo esithinta kabi inani elingenakubalwa labasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-40 libuye libandlululwe. Eqinisweni, ngokusho kwe- US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), "i-ADEA ivumela abaqashi ukuba babonise abasebenzi asebekhulile ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yobudala ngisho nalapho ukwenza kanjalo kuthinta isisebenzi esincane esine-40 noma esincane."
Ukuzijwayeza Ukuziphatha Okungezona Okubandlulula Phakathi Nesikhathi Sokulahlekelwa
Ukubamba iqhaza ekunciphiseni ngenkathi befuna ukuqasha uMqondisi we-HR inkampani yeklayenti, ingxoxo ebaluleke kunazo zonke ekugxilwe ekusebenzeni kahle ngokusemthethweni nangokomthetho.
Ummeli wezomthetho wokuqashwa wayekhathazeke ngokweqile ukuthi akukho ukwelashwa okungafani okwenzekile endabeni yokuthi ubani okhethiwe ukuba aqedwe. (Ukuqeda impela kuyisinye sezimo lapho uzofuna ukuqasha ummeli womthetho wokuqashwa ukuze wenze ngokusemthethweni.)
Lokhu kwakusho ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kwaso sonke isisebenzi esingahle sikhiphe kufanele kuhlolwe ukubandlululwa okungenzeka.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi umqashi kufanele ahlole iminyaka yabasebenzi, ubuhlanga, ubulili, kanye nazo zonke izindawo zokubandlululwa okungenzeka ukuthi akukho klasi elilodwa elithinteka kakhulu yizinqumo eziphoqelekile.
Ngenxa yokuthi izisebenzi eziningi zazingabantu besikhathi eside, ukubandlululwa kweminyaka kwakukhathazeka kakhulu. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwaminyaka yobudala, ngenkathi kungenjalo njalo kusukela ngo-2008 kuya ku-2012 lapho umnotho wawunzima kakhulu, kusezingeni eliphakeme futhi lihamba ngokusheshisa emvelweni omusha wokuqwashisa abasebenzi, izindaba zezindaba zangaphambili, ukusabalalisa kwemininingwane yolwazi lwezokuxhumana . Abaqashi abafuni ukuhileleka ku-EEOC.
Ekupheleni kwendzaba, ukugwema ngisho nokubonakala kokubandlululwa kweminyaka ekuqothulweni, isisebenzi esesilisa omhlophe esimhlophe sasikhethiwe ukuze siphumelele. Le nkampani igcine isisebenzi sabantu besilisa esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.
Le nkampani nayo yanquma ukuqeda umnyango wonke. Abaningi bezisebenzi emnyangweni babeneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-40. Ngokuqeda umnyango, ukugwetshwa kokubandlululwa kweminyaka nakho kwagwetshwa.
I-ADEA iphinda ivimbele ukubandlululwa kweminyaka phakathi kwabasebenzi abaneminyaka engama-40. Isibonelo, abaqashi bangase bangabandlululi isisebenzi esineminyaka engama-60 ubudala sisebenzela isisebenzi esineminyaka engu-50 ubudala.
I-ADEA kanye nokuvinjelwa kwayo kokubandlululwa komnyaka kusebenza kubo bonke abaqashi abazimele abanabasebenzi abangu-20 noma ngaphezulu kanye nohulumeni baseHulumeni, kahulumeni kanye nohulumeni basekhaya. Ukubandlululwa ngokweminyaka nakho kuvunyelwe kuma-ejenti wokuqasha kanye nezinhlangano zabasebenzi.
Imininingwane Eminye Ngomnyaka Ukucwaswa
Ekuqeshweni , okudinga ukuthi abafakizicelo kumele babe "ngabafundi abafanelekile." Lokhu kusho ukuthi umqashi kufanele akhombise ukuthi iminyaka yobudala ngumbuzo ozwakalayo obalulekile ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi.
Abaqashi badinga futhi ukucacisa ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezicashile zokubandlululwa kwaminyaka. Ngenkathi ungase ungakhethi ukucela iminyaka noma usuku lokuzalwa emisebenzini yakho yokusebenza, ukwenza izibalo ngokusekelwe lapho abasebenzi bakho abazophothula iziqu kungabandlulula. Uzobandlulula uma usebenzisa lolu lwazi ukuqeda ozobhalwa.
UMthetho Wokuvikelwa Kwabadala Abasebenzi Base-Older Act (1990) (i-OWBPA) uguqule i-ADEA ngokunqabela ngokuqondile abaqashi ukuba bangafuni izinzuzo kubasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-40. Kukhona okunye okutholakala ezimweni ezithile uma nje izindleko zokuqinisekisa abasebenzi asebekhulile kufana nokuqinisekisa abasebenzi abasha.
Ezimweni ezibandakanya ukunikezwa kokuthatha umhlalaphansi ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphansi , ukuthengwa kwemisebenzi , kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokuvuselela abasebenzi basebekhulile, basebenzisana eduze ne-EEOC kanye nommeli womthetho wokuqashwa.
Ukubandlululwa Kweminyaka ngo-2016
Ngokusho kwe-EEOC, "Ngonyaka wezimali 2016, i-EEOC yathola amacala angu-20 857 okubandlululwa, amaphesenti angu-22,8 azo zonke izinkokhelo zokucwaswa komsebenzi.
"Ngokuvamile, i-EEOC ixazulule amacala angu-97 443 futhi ivikele imali engaphezu kwamaRandi angu-482 wezigidi ezenzelwe ukuhlukunyezwa ezizimele, ezombusazwe nezombuso kanye nezendawo zikahulumeni zendawo. I-ejensi yanciphisa umsebenzi wokulinda amacala ngamaphesenti angu-3.8 kuya ku-73 508 - umsebenzi ophansi kakhulu wokulayisha umthwalo ngamathathu iminyaka engu-585,000 izingcingo ezingenombolo yamahhala kanye nemibono engaphezu kuka-160 000 emahhovisi emasimini, kubonisa ukufunwa komphakathi okuphawulekayo kwezinsizakalo ze-EEOC. I-EEOC isikhulume ngaphambilini ngonyaka wezimali ka 2016. "